refactor: remove invisible subtitle overlay code

2026-02-27 18:22:41 -08:00 · 2026-02-26 16:40:46 -08:00
parent 643f8eb958
commit 74554a30f0
119 changed files with 691 additions and 2946 deletions
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ subminer app --start --yomitan

 ```bash
 subminer app --start --background
-subminer video.mkv # toggle invisible overlay with y-i and visible overlay with y-t
+subminer video.mkv # y-t toggles overlay visibility
 ```

 ## Requirements
--- a/docs/README.md
+++ b/docs/README.md
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ make docs-preview # Preview built site at http://localhost:4173

 - [Installation](/installation) — Requirements, Linux/macOS/Windows install, mpv plugin setup
 - [Usage](/usage) — `subminer` wrapper + subcommands (`jellyfin`, `yt`, `doctor`, `config`, `mpv`, `texthooker`, `app`), mpv plugin, keybindings
- [Mining Workflow](/mining-workflow) — End-to-end sentence mining guide, overlay layers, card creation
+- [Mining Workflow](/mining-workflow) — End-to-end sentence mining guide, single overlay + modals, card creation

 ### Reference

--- a/docs/configuration.md
+++ b/docs/configuration.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ The configuration file includes several main sections:
 - [**Auto-Start Overlay**](#auto-start-overlay) - Automatically show overlay on MPV connection
 - [**Visible Overlay Subtitle Binding**](#visible-overlay-subtitle-binding) - Link visible overlay toggles to MPV subtitle visibility
 - [**Auto Subtitle Sync**](#auto-subtitle-sync) - Sync current subtitle with `alass`/`ffsubsync`
- [**Invisible Overlay**](#invisible-overlay) - Startup visibility behavior for the invisible mining layer
+- [**Subtitle Position Edit**](#subtitle-position-edit) - Fine-tune subtitle alignment in overlay
 - [**Jimaku**](#jimaku) - Jimaku API configuration and defaults
 - [**AniList**](#anilist) - Optional post-watch progress updates
 - [**Jellyfin**](#jellyfin) - Optional Jellyfin auth, library listing, and playback launch
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ Control whether the overlay automatically becomes visible when it connects to mp
 | -------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
 | `auto_start_overlay` | `true`, `false` | Auto-show overlay on mpv connection (default: `false`) |

-The mpv plugin controls startup per layer via `auto_start_visible_overlay` and `auto_start_invisible_overlay` in `subminer.conf` (`platform-default` for invisible means hidden on Linux, visible on macOS/Windows).
+The mpv plugin controls startup overlay visibility via `auto_start_visible_overlay` in `subminer.conf`.

 ### Visible Overlay Subtitle Binding

@@ -379,20 +379,12 @@ Sync the active subtitle track using `alass` (preferred) or `ffsubsync`:
 Default trigger is `Ctrl+Alt+S` via `shortcuts.triggerSubsync`.
 Customize it there, or set it to `null` to disable.

-### Invisible Overlay
+### Subtitle Position Edit

-SubMiner includes a second subtitle mining layer that can be visually invisible while still interactive for Yomitan lookups.
-
- `invisibleOverlay.startupVisibility` values:
-
-1. `"platform-default"`: hidden on Wayland, visible on Windows/macOS/other sessions.
-2. `"visible"`: always shown on startup.
-3. `"hidden"`: always hidden on startup.
-
-Invisible subtitle positioning can be adjusted directly in the invisible layer:
+Subtitle positioning can be adjusted directly in the overlay:

 - `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P` toggles position edit mode.
- Use arrow keys to move the invisible subtitle text.
+- Use arrow keys to move subtitle text.
 - Press `Enter` or `Ctrl/Cmd+S` to save, or `Esc` to cancel.
 - This edit-mode shortcut is fixed (not currently configurable in `shortcuts`/`keybindings`).

@@ -670,7 +662,6 @@ See `config.example.jsonc` for detailed configuration options.
 {
  "shortcuts": {
    "toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+O",
-    "toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+I",
    "copySubtitle": "CommandOrControl+C",
    "copySubtitleMultiple": "CommandOrControl+Shift+C",
    "updateLastCardFromClipboard": "CommandOrControl+V",
@@ -689,7 +680,6 @@ See `config.example.jsonc` for detailed configuration options.
 | Option                         | Values           | Description                                                                                                                                   |
 | ------------------------------ | ---------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | `toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal`   | string \| `null` | Global accelerator for toggling visible subtitle overlay (default: `"Alt+Shift+O"`)                                                           |
-| `toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal` | string \| `null` | Global accelerator for toggling invisible interactive overlay (default: `"Alt+Shift+I"`)                                                      |
 | `copySubtitle`                 | string \| `null` | Accelerator for copying current subtitle (default: `"CommandOrControl+C"`)                                                                    |
 | `copySubtitleMultiple`         | string \| `null` | Accelerator for multi-copy mode (default: `"CommandOrControl+Shift+C"`)                                                                       |
 | `updateLastCardFromClipboard`  | string \| `null` | Accelerator for updating card from clipboard (default: `"CommandOrControl+V"`)                                                                |
--- a/docs/installation.md
+++ b/docs/installation.md
@@ -181,9 +181,6 @@ All keybindings use a `y` chord prefix — press `y`, then the second key:
 | `y-s` | Start overlay                         |
 | `y-S` | Stop overlay                          |
 | `y-t` | Toggle visible overlay                |
-| `y-i` | Toggle invisible overlay              |
-| `y-I` | Show invisible overlay                |
-| `y-u` | Hide invisible overlay                |
 | `y-o` | Open Yomitan settings                 |
 | `y-r` | Restart overlay                       |
 | `y-c` | Check overlay status                  |
--- a/docs/mpv-plugin.md
+++ b/docs/mpv-plugin.md
@@ -33,9 +33,6 @@ All keybindings use a `y` chord prefix — press `y`, then the second key:
 | `y-s` | Start overlay            |
 | `y-S` | Stop overlay             |
 | `y-t` | Toggle visible overlay   |
-| `y-i` | Toggle invisible overlay |
-| `y-I` | Show invisible overlay   |
-| `y-u` | Hide invisible overlay   |
 | `y-o` | Open settings window     |
 | `y-r` | Restart overlay          |
 | `y-c` | Check status             |
@@ -50,10 +47,9 @@ SubMiner:
 1. Start overlay
 2. Stop overlay
 3. Toggle overlay
-4. Toggle invisible overlay
-5. Open options
-6. Restart overlay
-7. Check status
+4. Open options
+5. Restart overlay
+6. Check status
 ```

 Select an item by pressing its number.
@@ -84,10 +80,6 @@ auto_start=no
 # Show the visible overlay on auto-start.
 auto_start_visible_overlay=no

-# Invisible overlay startup: platform-default, visible, hidden.
-# platform-default = hidden on Linux, visible on macOS/Windows.
-auto_start_invisible_overlay=platform-default
-
 # Show OSD messages for overlay status changes.
 osd_messages=yes

@@ -129,7 +121,6 @@ aniskip_button_duration=3
 | `backend`                      | `auto`                 | `auto`, `hyprland`, `sway`, `x11`, `macos` | Window manager backend           |
 | `auto_start`                   | `no`                   | `yes` / `no`                               | Auto-start overlay on file load  |
 | `auto_start_visible_overlay`   | `no`                   | `yes` / `no`                               | Show visible layer on auto-start |
-| `auto_start_invisible_overlay` | `platform-default`     | `platform-default`, `visible`, `hidden`    | Invisible layer on auto-start    |
 | `osd_messages`                 | `yes`                  | `yes` / `no`                               | Show OSD status messages         |
 | `log_level`                    | `info`                 | `debug`, `info`, `warn`, `error`           | Log verbosity                    |
 | `aniskip_enabled`              | `yes`                  | `yes` / `no`                               | Enable AniSkip intro detection   |
@@ -182,9 +173,6 @@ The plugin can be controlled from other mpv scripts or the mpv command line usin
 script-message subminer-start
 script-message subminer-stop
 script-message subminer-toggle
-script-message subminer-toggle-invisible
-script-message subminer-show-invisible
-script-message subminer-hide-invisible
 script-message subminer-menu
 script-message subminer-options
 script-message subminer-restart
--- a/docs/public/config.example.jsonc
+++ b/docs/public/config.example.jsonc
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@
  // ==========================================
  "shortcuts": {
    "toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+O", // Toggle visible overlay global setting.
-    "toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+I", // Toggle invisible overlay global setting.
    "copySubtitle": "CommandOrControl+C", // Copy subtitle setting.
    "copySubtitleMultiple": "CommandOrControl+Shift+C", // Copy subtitle multiple setting.
    "updateLastCardFromClipboard": "CommandOrControl+V", // Update last card from clipboard setting.
@@ -68,16 +67,6 @@
    "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Shift+J" // Open jimaku setting.
  }, // Overlay keyboard shortcuts. Set a shortcut to null to disable.

-  // ==========================================
-  // Invisible Overlay
-  // Startup behavior for the invisible interactive subtitle mining layer.
-  // Invisible subtitle position edit mode: Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P to toggle, arrow keys to move, Enter or Ctrl/Cmd+S to save, Esc to cancel.
-  // This edit-mode shortcut is fixed and is not currently configurable.
-  // ==========================================
-  "invisibleOverlay": {
-    "startupVisibility": "platform-default" // Startup visibility setting.
-  }, // Startup behavior for the invisible interactive subtitle mining layer.
-
  // ==========================================
  // Keybindings (MPV Commands)
  // Extra keybindings that are merged with built-in defaults.
@@ -123,9 +112,11 @@
  // Hot-reload: subtitle style changes apply live without restarting SubMiner.
  // ==========================================
  "subtitleStyle": {
+    // Additional CSS declarations are also allowed and applied directly to subtitle roots/containers (for example: lineHeight, textShadow, -webkit-text-stroke, backdropFilter).
    "enableJlpt": false, // Enable JLPT vocabulary level underlines. When disabled, JLPT tagging lookup and underlines are skipped. Values: true | false
    "preserveLineBreaks": false, // Preserve line breaks in visible overlay subtitle rendering. When false, line breaks are flattened to spaces for a single-line flow. Values: true | false
-    "hoverTokenColor": "#c6a0f6", // Hex color used for hovered subtitle token highlight in mpv.
+    "hoverTokenColor": "#f4dbd6", // Hex color used for hovered subtitle token highlight in the overlay.
+    "hoverTokenBackgroundColor": "#363a4fd6", // CSS color used for hovered subtitle token background highlight in the overlay.
    "fontFamily": "M PLUS 1, Noto Sans CJK JP Regular, Noto Sans CJK JP, Hiragino Sans, Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN, Yu Gothic, Arial Unicode MS, Arial, sans-serif", // Font family setting.
    "fontSize": 35, // Font size setting.
    "fontColor": "#cad3f5", // Font color setting.
--- a/docs/shortcuts.md
+++ b/docs/shortcuts.md
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ These work system-wide regardless of which window has focus.
 | Shortcut      | Action                   | Configurable                             |
 | ------------- | ------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
 | `Alt+Shift+O` | Toggle visible overlay   | `shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal`   |
-| `Alt+Shift+I` | Toggle invisible overlay | `shortcuts.toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal` |
 | `Alt+Shift+Y` | Open Yomitan settings    | Fixed (not configurable)                 |

 ::: tip
@@ -64,9 +63,9 @@ These keybindings can be overridden or disabled via the `keybindings` config arr
 | `Ctrl+Shift+J`     | Open Jimaku subtitle search modal                        | `shortcuts.openJimaku`         |
 | `Ctrl+Alt+S`       | Open subtitle sync (subsync) modal                       | `shortcuts.triggerSubsync`     |

-## Invisible Subtitle Position Edit Mode
+## Subtitle Position Edit Mode

-Enter edit mode to fine-tune invisible overlay alignment with mpv's native subtitles.
+Enter edit mode to fine-tune subtitle alignment.

 | Shortcut              | Action                           |
 | --------------------- | -------------------------------- |
@@ -86,9 +85,6 @@ When the mpv plugin is installed, all commands use a `y` chord prefix — press
 | `y-s` | Start overlay                           |
 | `y-S` | Stop overlay                            |
 | `y-t` | Toggle visible overlay                  |
-| `y-i` | Toggle invisible overlay                |
-| `y-I` | Show invisible overlay                  |
-| `y-u` | Hide invisible overlay                  |
 | `y-o` | Open Yomitan settings                   |
 | `y-r` | Restart overlay                         |
 | `y-c` | Check overlay status                    |
@@ -112,7 +108,6 @@ All `shortcuts.*` keys accept [Electron accelerator strings](https://www.electro
    "mineSentence": "CommandOrControl+S",
    "copySubtitle": "CommandOrControl+C",
    "toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+O",
-    "toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+I",
    "openJimaku": null, // disabled
  },
 }
--- a/docs/troubleshooting.md
+++ b/docs/troubleshooting.md
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ SubMiner positions the overlay by tracking the mpv window. If tracking fails:
 - Sway: Ensure `swaymsg` is available.
 - X11: Ensure `xdotool` and `xwininfo` are installed.

-If the overlay position is slightly off, use invisible subtitle position edit mode (`Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P`) to fine-tune the offset with arrow keys, then save with `Enter` or `Ctrl+S`.
+If the overlay position is slightly off, use subtitle position edit mode (`Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P`) to fine-tune the offset with arrow keys, then save with `Enter` or `Ctrl+S`.

 ## Yomitan

@@ -217,10 +217,10 @@ Media generation has a 30-second timeout (60 seconds for animated AVIF). If your

 **"Failed to register global shortcut"**

-Global shortcuts (`Alt+Shift+O`, `Alt+Shift+I`, `Alt+Shift+Y`) may conflict with other applications or desktop environment keybindings.
+Global shortcuts (`Alt+Shift+O`, `Alt+Shift+Y`) may conflict with other applications or desktop environment keybindings.

 - Check your DE/WM keybinding settings for conflicts.
- Change the shortcuts in your config under `shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal`, `shortcuts.toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal`.
+- Change the shortcut in your config under `shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal`.
 - On Wayland, global shortcut registration has limitations depending on the compositor.

 **Overlay keybindings not working**
@@ -273,5 +273,5 @@ The Jimaku API has rate limits. If you see 429 errors, wait for the retry durati
 ### macOS

 - **Accessibility permission**: Required for window tracking. Grant it in System Settings > Privacy & Security > Accessibility.
- **Font rendering**: macOS uses a 0.87x font compensation factor for subtitle alignment between mpv and the overlay. If text alignment looks off, adjust the invisible subtitle offset.
+- **Font rendering**: macOS uses a 0.87x font compensation factor for subtitle alignment between mpv and the overlay. If text alignment looks off, adjust subtitle offset in position edit mode.
 - **Gatekeeper**: If macOS blocks SubMiner, right-click the app and select "Open" to bypass the warning, or remove the quarantine attribute: `xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/SubMiner.app`
--- a/docs/usage.md
+++ b/docs/usage.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ There are two ways to use SubMiner — the `subminer` wrapper script or the mpv
 | Approach            | Best For                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
 | ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | **subminer script** | All-in-one solution. Handles video selection, launches MPV with the correct socket, and manages app commands. Overlay start is explicit (`--start`, `-S`, or `y-s`).                                           |
-| **MPV plugin**      | When you launch MPV yourself or from other tools. Provides in-MPV chord keybindings (e.g. `y-y` for menu) to control visible and invisible overlay layers. Requires `--input-ipc-server=/tmp/subminer-socket`. |
+| **MPV plugin**      | When you launch MPV yourself or from other tools. Provides in-MPV chord keybindings (e.g. `y-y` for menu) to control overlay visibility. Requires `--input-ipc-server=/tmp/subminer-socket`. |

 You can use both together—install the plugin for on-demand control, but use `subminer` when you want the streamlined workflow.

@@ -68,11 +68,8 @@ SubMiner.AppImage --start --texthooker   # Start overlay with texthooker
 SubMiner.AppImage --texthooker           # Launch texthooker only (no overlay window)
 SubMiner.AppImage --stop                  # Stop overlay
 SubMiner.AppImage --start --toggle        # Start MPV IPC + toggle visibility
-SubMiner.AppImage --start --toggle-invisible-overlay  # Start MPV IPC + toggle invisible layer
 SubMiner.AppImage --show-visible-overlay              # Force show visible overlay
 SubMiner.AppImage --hide-visible-overlay              # Force hide visible overlay
-SubMiner.AppImage --show-invisible-overlay            # Force show invisible overlay
-SubMiner.AppImage --hide-invisible-overlay            # Force hide invisible overlay
 SubMiner.AppImage --start --dev                         # Enable app/dev mode only
 SubMiner.AppImage --start --debug                       # Alias for --dev
 SubMiner.AppImage --start --log-level debug             # Force verbose logging without app/dev mode
@@ -173,7 +170,6 @@ Notes:
 | Keybind       | Action                   |
 | ------------- | ------------------------ |
 | `Alt+Shift+O` | Toggle visible overlay   |
-| `Alt+Shift+I` | Toggle invisible overlay |
 | `Alt+Shift+Y` | Open Yomitan settings    |

 `Alt+Shift+Y` is a fixed global shortcut; it is not part of `shortcuts` config.
@@ -195,10 +191,10 @@ Notes:
 | `Ctrl+W`             | Quit mpv                                           |
 | `Right-click`        | Toggle MPV pause (outside subtitle area)           |
 | `Right-click + drag` | Move subtitle position (on subtitle)               |
-| `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P`   | Toggle invisible subtitle position edit mode       |
-| `Arrow keys`         | Move invisible subtitles while edit mode is active |
-| `Enter` / `Ctrl+S`   | Save invisible subtitle position in edit mode      |
-| `Esc`                | Cancel invisible subtitle position edit mode       |
+| `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P`   | Toggle subtitle position edit mode                 |
+| `Arrow keys`         | Move subtitles while edit mode is active           |
+| `Enter` / `Ctrl+S`   | Save subtitle position in edit mode                |
+| `Esc`                | Cancel subtitle position edit mode                 |
 | `Ctrl/Cmd+A`         | Append clipboard video path to MPV playlist        |

 These keybindings only work when the overlay window has focus. See [Configuration](/configuration) for customization.
--- a/plugin/subminer.conf
+++ b/plugin/subminer.conf
@@ -26,11 +26,6 @@ auto_start=no
 # Automatically show visible overlay when overlay starts
 auto_start_visible_overlay=no

-# Automatically show invisible overlay when overlay starts
-# Values: platform-default, visible, hidden
-# platform-default => hidden on Linux, visible on macOS/Windows
-auto_start_invisible_overlay=platform-default
-
 # Legacy alias (maps to auto_start_visible_overlay)
 # auto_start_overlay=no

@@ -70,4 +65,3 @@ aniskip_button_duration=3

 # MPV keybindings provided by plugin/subminer.lua:
 # y-s start, y-S stop, y-t toggle visible overlay
-# y-i toggle invisible overlay, y-I show invisible overlay, y-u hide invisible overlay
--- a/plugin/subminer.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer.lua
@@ -24,10 +24,6 @@ local function default_socket_path()
 	return "/tmp/subminer-socket"
 end

-local function is_linux()
-	return not is_windows() and not is_macos()
-end
-
 local function is_subminer_process_running()
 	local command = is_windows() and { "tasklist", "/FO", "CSV", "/NH" } or { "ps", "-A", "-o", "args=" }
 	local result = mp.command_native({
@@ -140,7 +136,6 @@ local opts = {
 	auto_start = true,
 	auto_start_overlay = false, -- legacy alias, maps to auto_start_visible_overlay
 	auto_start_visible_overlay = false,
-	auto_start_invisible_overlay = "platform-default", -- platform-default | visible | hidden
 	osd_messages = true,
 	log_level = "info",
 	aniskip_enabled = true,
@@ -163,7 +158,6 @@ local state = {
 	binary_available = false,
 	binary_path = nil,
 	detected_backend = nil,
-	invisible_overlay_visible = false,
 	hover_highlight = {
 		revision = -1,
 		payload = nil,
@@ -796,6 +790,15 @@ local function fix_ass_color(input, fallback)
 	return b .. g .. r
 end

+local function sanitize_hover_ass_color(input, fallback_rgb)
+	local fallback = fix_ass_color(fallback_rgb or DEFAULT_HOVER_COLOR, DEFAULT_HOVER_COLOR)
+	local converted = fix_ass_color(input, fallback)
+	if converted == "000000" then
+		return fallback
+	end
+	return converted
+end
+
 local function escape_ass_text(text)
 	return (text or "")
 		:gsub("\\", "\\\\")
@@ -858,7 +861,7 @@ local function resolve_metrics()
 		border = sub_border_size * window_scale,
 		shadow = sub_shadow_offset * window_scale,
 		base_color = fix_ass_color(mp.get_property("sub-color"), DEFAULT_HOVER_BASE_COLOR),
-		hover_color = fix_ass_color(mp.get_property("sub-color"), DEFAULT_HOVER_COLOR),
+		hover_color = sanitize_hover_ass_color(nil, DEFAULT_HOVER_COLOR),
 	}
 end

@@ -1068,7 +1071,7 @@ local function build_hover_subtitle_content(payload)
 	end

 	local metrics = resolve_metrics()
-	local hover_color = fix_ass_color(payload.colors and payload.colors.hover or nil, metrics.hover_color)
+	local hover_color = sanitize_hover_ass_color(payload.colors and payload.colors.hover or nil, DEFAULT_HOVER_COLOR)
 	local base_color = fix_ass_color(payload.colors and payload.colors.base or nil, metrics.base_color)
 	return inject_hover_color_to_ass(source_ass, plain_map, hover_start, hover_end, hover_color, base_color)
 end
@@ -1443,39 +1446,13 @@ local function resolve_visible_overlay_startup()
 	return visible
 end

-local function resolve_invisible_overlay_startup()
-	local raw = opts.auto_start_invisible_overlay
-	if type(raw) == "boolean" then
-		return raw
-	end
-
-	local mode = type(raw) == "string" and raw:lower() or "platform-default"
-	if mode == "visible" or mode == "show" or mode == "yes" or mode == "true" or mode == "on" then
-		return true
-	end
-	if mode == "hidden" or mode == "hide" or mode == "no" or mode == "false" or mode == "off" then
-		return false
-	end
-
-	-- platform-default
-	return not is_linux()
-end
-
 local function apply_startup_overlay_preferences()
 	local should_show_visible = resolve_visible_overlay_startup()
-	local should_show_invisible = resolve_invisible_overlay_startup()

 	local visible_action = should_show_visible and "show-visible-overlay" or "hide-visible-overlay"
 	if not run_control_command(visible_action) then
 		subminer_log("warn", "process", "Failed to apply visible startup action: " .. visible_action)
 	end
-
-	local invisible_action = should_show_invisible and "show-invisible-overlay" or "hide-invisible-overlay"
-	if not run_control_command(invisible_action) then
-		subminer_log("warn", "process", "Failed to apply invisible startup action: " .. invisible_action)
-	end
-
-	state.invisible_overlay_visible = should_show_invisible
 end

 local function build_texthooker_args()
@@ -1646,90 +1623,6 @@ local function toggle_overlay()
 	end
 end

-local function toggle_invisible_overlay()
-	if not ensure_binary_available() then
-		subminer_log("error", "binary", "SubMiner binary not found")
-		show_osd("Error: binary not found")
-		return
-	end
-
-	local args = build_command_args("toggle-invisible-overlay")
-	subminer_log("info", "process", "Toggling invisible overlay: " .. table.concat(args, " "))
-
-	local result = mp.command_native({
-		name = "subprocess",
-		args = args,
-		playback_only = false,
-		capture_stdout = true,
-		capture_stderr = true,
-	})
-
-	if result and result.status ~= 0 then
-		subminer_log("warn", "process", "Invisible toggle command failed")
-		show_osd("Invisible toggle failed")
-		return
-	end
-
-	state.invisible_overlay_visible = not state.invisible_overlay_visible
-	show_osd("Invisible overlay: " .. (state.invisible_overlay_visible and "visible" or "hidden"))
-end
-
-local function show_invisible_overlay()
-	if not ensure_binary_available() then
-		subminer_log("error", "binary", "SubMiner binary not found")
-		show_osd("Error: binary not found")
-		return
-	end
-
-	local args = build_command_args("show-invisible-overlay")
-	subminer_log("info", "process", "Showing invisible overlay: " .. table.concat(args, " "))
-
-	local result = mp.command_native({
-		name = "subprocess",
-		args = args,
-		playback_only = false,
-		capture_stdout = true,
-		capture_stderr = true,
-	})
-
-	if result and result.status ~= 0 then
-		subminer_log("warn", "process", "Show invisible command failed")
-		show_osd("Show invisible failed")
-		return
-	end
-
-	state.invisible_overlay_visible = true
-	show_osd("Invisible overlay: visible")
-end
-
-local function hide_invisible_overlay()
-	if not ensure_binary_available() then
-		subminer_log("error", "binary", "SubMiner binary not found")
-		show_osd("Error: binary not found")
-		return
-	end
-
-	local args = build_command_args("hide-invisible-overlay")
-	subminer_log("info", "process", "Hiding invisible overlay: " .. table.concat(args, " "))
-
-	local result = mp.command_native({
-		name = "subprocess",
-		args = args,
-		playback_only = false,
-		capture_stdout = true,
-		capture_stderr = true,
-	})
-
-	if result and result.status ~= 0 then
-		subminer_log("warn", "process", "Hide invisible command failed")
-		show_osd("Hide invisible failed")
-		return
-	end
-
-	state.invisible_overlay_visible = false
-	show_osd("Invisible overlay: hidden")
-end
-
 local function open_options()
 	if not state.binary_available then
 		subminer_log("error", "binary", "SubMiner binary not found")
@@ -1768,7 +1661,6 @@ local function show_menu()
 		"Start overlay",
 		"Stop overlay",
 		"Toggle overlay",
-		"Toggle invisible overlay",
 		"Open options",
 		"Restart overlay",
 		"Check status",
@@ -1778,7 +1670,6 @@ local function show_menu()
 		start_overlay,
 		stop_overlay,
 		toggle_overlay,
-		toggle_invisible_overlay,
 		open_options,
 		restart_overlay,
 		check_status,
@@ -1895,9 +1786,6 @@ local function register_keybindings()
 	mp.add_key_binding("y-s", "subminer-start", start_overlay)
 	mp.add_key_binding("y-S", "subminer-stop", stop_overlay)
 	mp.add_key_binding("y-t", "subminer-toggle", toggle_overlay)
-	mp.add_key_binding("y-i", "subminer-toggle-invisible", toggle_invisible_overlay)
-	mp.add_key_binding("y-I", "subminer-show-invisible", show_invisible_overlay)
-	mp.add_key_binding("y-u", "subminer-hide-invisible", hide_invisible_overlay)
 	mp.add_key_binding("y-y", "subminer-menu", show_menu)
 	mp.add_key_binding("y-o", "subminer-options", open_options)
 	mp.add_key_binding("y-r", "subminer-restart", restart_overlay)
@@ -1914,9 +1802,6 @@ local function register_script_messages()
 	mp.register_script_message("subminer-start", start_overlay_from_script_message)
 	mp.register_script_message("subminer-stop", stop_overlay)
 	mp.register_script_message("subminer-toggle", toggle_overlay)
-	mp.register_script_message("subminer-toggle-invisible", toggle_invisible_overlay)
-	mp.register_script_message("subminer-show-invisible", show_invisible_overlay)
-	mp.register_script_message("subminer-hide-invisible", hide_invisible_overlay)
 	mp.register_script_message("subminer-menu", show_menu)
 	mp.register_script_message("subminer-options", open_options)
 	mp.register_script_message("subminer-restart", restart_overlay)
--- a/src/cli/args.ts
+++ b/src/cli/args.ts
@@ -4,14 +4,11 @@ export interface CliArgs {
  stop: boolean;
  toggle: boolean;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: boolean;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: boolean;
  settings: boolean;
  show: boolean;
  hide: boolean;
  showVisibleOverlay: boolean;
  hideVisibleOverlay: boolean;
-  showInvisibleOverlay: boolean;
-  hideInvisibleOverlay: boolean;
  copySubtitle: boolean;
  copySubtitleMultiple: boolean;
  mineSentence: boolean;
@@ -67,14 +64,11 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
    stop: false,
    toggle: false,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: false,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: false,
    settings: false,
    show: false,
    hide: false,
    showVisibleOverlay: false,
    hideVisibleOverlay: false,
-    showInvisibleOverlay: false,
-    hideInvisibleOverlay: false,
    copySubtitle: false,
    copySubtitleMultiple: false,
    mineSentence: false,
@@ -122,14 +116,11 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
    else if (arg === '--stop') args.stop = true;
    else if (arg === '--toggle') args.toggle = true;
    else if (arg === '--toggle-visible-overlay') args.toggleVisibleOverlay = true;
-    else if (arg === '--toggle-invisible-overlay') args.toggleInvisibleOverlay = true;
    else if (arg === '--settings' || arg === '--yomitan') args.settings = true;
    else if (arg === '--show') args.show = true;
    else if (arg === '--hide') args.hide = true;
    else if (arg === '--show-visible-overlay') args.showVisibleOverlay = true;
    else if (arg === '--hide-visible-overlay') args.hideVisibleOverlay = true;
-    else if (arg === '--show-invisible-overlay') args.showInvisibleOverlay = true;
-    else if (arg === '--hide-invisible-overlay') args.hideInvisibleOverlay = true;
    else if (arg === '--copy-subtitle') args.copySubtitle = true;
    else if (arg === '--copy-subtitle-multiple') args.copySubtitleMultiple = true;
    else if (arg === '--mine-sentence') args.mineSentence = true;
@@ -263,14 +254,11 @@ export function hasExplicitCommand(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    args.stop ||
    args.toggle ||
    args.toggleVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.toggleInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.settings ||
    args.show ||
    args.hide ||
    args.showVisibleOverlay ||
    args.hideVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.showInvisibleOverlay ||
-    args.hideInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.copySubtitle ||
    args.copySubtitleMultiple ||
    args.mineSentence ||
@@ -307,7 +295,6 @@ export function shouldStartApp(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    args.start ||
    args.toggle ||
    args.toggleVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.toggleInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.copySubtitle ||
    args.copySubtitleMultiple ||
    args.mineSentence ||
@@ -331,13 +318,10 @@ export function commandNeedsOverlayRuntime(args: CliArgs): boolean {
  return (
    args.toggle ||
    args.toggleVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.toggleInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.show ||
    args.hide ||
    args.showVisibleOverlay ||
    args.hideVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.showInvisibleOverlay ||
-    args.hideInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.copySubtitle ||
    args.copySubtitleMultiple ||
    args.mineSentence ||
--- a/src/cli/help.ts
+++ b/src/cli/help.ts
@@ -17,11 +17,8 @@ ${B}Session${R}

 ${B}Overlay${R}
  --toggle-visible-overlay       Toggle subtitle overlay
-  --toggle-invisible-overlay     Toggle interactive overlay ${D}(Yomitan lookup)${R}
  --show-visible-overlay         Show subtitle overlay
  --hide-visible-overlay         Hide subtitle overlay
-  --show-invisible-overlay       Show interactive overlay
-  --hide-invisible-overlay       Hide interactive overlay
  --settings                     Open Yomitan settings window
  --auto-start-overlay           Auto-hide mpv subs, show overlay on connect

--- a/src/config/config.test.ts
+++ b/src/config/config.test.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ test('loads defaults when config is missing', () => {
  assert.equal(config.discordPresence.updateIntervalMs, 3_000);
  assert.equal(config.subtitleStyle.backgroundColor, 'rgb(30, 32, 48, 0.88)');
  assert.equal(config.subtitleStyle.preserveLineBreaks, false);
-  assert.equal(config.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenColor, '#c6a0f6');
+  assert.equal(config.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenColor, '#f4dbd6');
+  assert.equal(config.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor, '#363a4fd6');
  assert.equal(config.immersionTracking.enabled, true);
  assert.equal(config.immersionTracking.dbPath, '');
  assert.equal(config.immersionTracking.batchSize, 25);
@@ -136,6 +137,44 @@ test('parses subtitleStyle.hoverTokenColor and warns on invalid values', () => {
  );
 });

+test('parses subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor and warns on invalid values', () => {
+  const validDir = makeTempDir();
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    path.join(validDir, 'config.jsonc'),
+    `{
+      "subtitleStyle": {
+        "hoverTokenBackgroundColor": "#363a4fd6"
+      }
+    }`,
+    'utf-8',
+  );
+
+  const validService = new ConfigService(validDir);
+  assert.equal(validService.getConfig().subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor, '#363a4fd6');
+
+  const invalidDir = makeTempDir();
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    path.join(invalidDir, 'config.jsonc'),
+    `{
+      "subtitleStyle": {
+        "hoverTokenBackgroundColor": true
+      }
+    }`,
+    'utf-8',
+  );
+
+  const invalidService = new ConfigService(invalidDir);
+  assert.equal(
+    invalidService.getConfig().subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor,
+    DEFAULT_CONFIG.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor,
+  );
+  assert.ok(
+    invalidService
+      .getWarnings()
+      .some((warning) => warning.path === 'subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor'),
+  );
+});
+
 test('parses anilist.enabled and warns for invalid value', () => {
  const dir = makeTempDir();
  fs.writeFileSync(
@@ -597,19 +636,15 @@ test('warns and ignores unknown top-level config keys', () => {
  assert.ok(warnings.some((warning) => warning.path === 'unknownFeatureFlag'));
 });

-test('parses invisible overlay config and new global shortcuts', () => {
+test('parses global shortcuts and startup visibility flags', () => {
  const dir = makeTempDir();
  fs.writeFileSync(
    path.join(dir, 'config.jsonc'),
    `{
      "shortcuts": {
        "toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+U",
-        "toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal": "Alt+Shift+I",
        "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Alt+J"
      },
-      "invisibleOverlay": {
-        "startupVisibility": "hidden"
-      },
      "bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility": false,
      "youtubeSubgen": {
        "primarySubLanguages": ["ja", "jpn", "jp"]
@@ -621,9 +656,7 @@ test('parses invisible overlay config and new global shortcuts', () => {
  const service = new ConfigService(dir);
  const config = service.getConfig();
  assert.equal(config.shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal, 'Alt+Shift+U');
-  assert.equal(config.shortcuts.toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal, 'Alt+Shift+I');
  assert.equal(config.shortcuts.openJimaku, 'Ctrl+Alt+J');
-  assert.equal(config.invisibleOverlay.startupVisibility, 'hidden');
  assert.equal(config.bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility, false);
  assert.deepEqual(config.youtubeSubgen.primarySubLanguages, ['ja', 'jpn', 'jp']);
 });
--- a/src/config/definitions.ts
+++ b/src/config/definitions.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ const {
  subsync,
  auto_start_overlay,
  bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility,
-  invisibleOverlay,
 } = CORE_DEFAULT_CONFIG;
 const { ankiConnect, jimaku, anilist, jellyfin, discordPresence, youtubeSubgen } =
  INTEGRATIONS_DEFAULT_CONFIG;
@@ -54,7 +53,6 @@ export const DEFAULT_CONFIG: ResolvedConfig = {
  jellyfin,
  discordPresence,
  youtubeSubgen,
-  invisibleOverlay,
  immersionTracking,
 };

--- a/src/config/definitions/defaults-core.ts
+++ b/src/config/definitions/defaults-core.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ export const CORE_DEFAULT_CONFIG: Pick<
  | 'subsync'
  | 'auto_start_overlay'
  | 'bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility'
-  | 'invisibleOverlay'
 > = {
  subtitlePosition: { yPercent: 10 },
  keybindings: [],
@@ -28,7 +27,6 @@ export const CORE_DEFAULT_CONFIG: Pick<
  },
  shortcuts: {
    toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'Alt+Shift+O',
-    toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: 'Alt+Shift+I',
    copySubtitle: 'CommandOrControl+C',
    copySubtitleMultiple: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+C',
    updateLastCardFromClipboard: 'CommandOrControl+V',
@@ -55,7 +53,4 @@ export const CORE_DEFAULT_CONFIG: Pick<
  },
  auto_start_overlay: false,
  bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility: true,
-  invisibleOverlay: {
-    startupVisibility: 'platform-default',
-  },
 };
--- a/src/config/definitions/defaults-subtitle.ts
+++ b/src/config/definitions/defaults-subtitle.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ export const SUBTITLE_DEFAULT_CONFIG: Pick<ResolvedConfig, 'subtitleStyle'> = {
  subtitleStyle: {
    enableJlpt: false,
    preserveLineBreaks: false,
-    hoverTokenColor: '#c6a0f6',
+    hoverTokenColor: '#f4dbd6',
+    hoverTokenBackgroundColor: '#363a4fd6',
    fontFamily:
      'M PLUS 1, Noto Sans CJK JP Regular, Noto Sans CJK JP, Hiragino Sans, Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN, Yu Gothic, Arial Unicode MS, Arial, sans-serif',
    fontSize: 35,
--- a/src/config/definitions/options-subtitle.ts
+++ b/src/config/definitions/options-subtitle.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,12 @@ export function buildSubtitleConfigOptionRegistry(
      defaultValue: defaultConfig.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenColor,
      description: 'Hex color used for hovered subtitle token highlight in mpv.',
    },
+    {
+      path: 'subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor',
+      kind: 'string',
+      defaultValue: defaultConfig.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor,
+      description: 'CSS color used for hovered subtitle token background highlight in mpv.',
+    },
    {
      path: 'subtitleStyle.frequencyDictionary.enabled',
      kind: 'boolean',
--- a/src/config/definitions/template-sections.ts
+++ b/src/config/definitions/template-sections.ts
@@ -40,15 +40,6 @@ const CORE_TEMPLATE_SECTIONS: ConfigTemplateSection[] = [
    notes: ['Hot-reload: shortcut changes apply live and update the session help modal on reopen.'],
    key: 'shortcuts',
  },
-  {
-    title: 'Invisible Overlay',
-    description: ['Startup behavior for the invisible interactive subtitle mining layer.'],
-    notes: [
-      'Invisible subtitle position edit mode: Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P to toggle, arrow keys to move, Enter or Ctrl/Cmd+S to save, Esc to cancel.',
-      'This edit-mode shortcut is fixed and is not currently configurable.',
-    ],
-    key: 'invisibleOverlay',
-  },
  {
    title: 'Keybindings (MPV Commands)',
    description: [
--- a/src/config/resolve/subtitle-domains.ts
+++ b/src/config/resolve/subtitle-domains.ts
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ export function applySubtitleDomainConfig(context: ResolveContext): void {
    const fallbackSubtitleStyleEnableJlpt = resolved.subtitleStyle.enableJlpt;
    const fallbackSubtitleStylePreserveLineBreaks = resolved.subtitleStyle.preserveLineBreaks;
    const fallbackSubtitleStyleHoverTokenColor = resolved.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenColor;
+    const fallbackSubtitleStyleHoverTokenBackgroundColor =
+      resolved.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor;
    resolved.subtitleStyle = {
      ...resolved.subtitleStyle,
      ...(src.subtitleStyle as ResolvedConfig['subtitleStyle']),
@@ -154,6 +156,24 @@ export function applySubtitleDomainConfig(context: ResolveContext): void {
      );
    }

+    const hoverTokenBackgroundColor = asString(
+      (src.subtitleStyle as { hoverTokenBackgroundColor?: unknown }).hoverTokenBackgroundColor,
+    );
+    if (hoverTokenBackgroundColor !== undefined) {
+      resolved.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor = hoverTokenBackgroundColor;
+    } else if (
+      (src.subtitleStyle as { hoverTokenBackgroundColor?: unknown }).hoverTokenBackgroundColor !==
+      undefined
+    ) {
+      resolved.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor = fallbackSubtitleStyleHoverTokenBackgroundColor;
+      warn(
+        'subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor',
+        (src.subtitleStyle as { hoverTokenBackgroundColor?: unknown }).hoverTokenBackgroundColor,
+        resolved.subtitleStyle.hoverTokenBackgroundColor,
+        'Expected string.',
+      );
+    }
+
    const frequencyDictionary = isObject(
      (src.subtitleStyle as { frequencyDictionary?: unknown }).frequencyDictionary,
    )
--- a/src/core/services/cli-command.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/cli-command.test.ts
@@ -10,14 +10,11 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    stop: false,
    toggle: false,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: false,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: false,
    settings: false,
    show: false,
    hide: false,
    showVisibleOverlay: false,
    hideVisibleOverlay: false,
-    showInvisibleOverlay: false,
-    hideInvisibleOverlay: false,
    copySubtitle: false,
    copySubtitleMultiple: false,
    mineSentence: false,
@@ -94,18 +91,12 @@ function createDeps(overrides: Partial<CliCommandServiceDeps> = {}) {
    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => {
      calls.push('toggleVisibleOverlay');
    },
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => {
-      calls.push('toggleInvisibleOverlay');
-    },
    openYomitanSettingsDelayed: (delayMs) => {
      calls.push(`openYomitanSettingsDelayed:${delayMs}`);
    },
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => {
      calls.push(`setVisibleOverlayVisible:${visible}`);
    },
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => {
-      calls.push(`setInvisibleOverlayVisible:${visible}`);
-    },
    copyCurrentSubtitle: () => {
      calls.push('copyCurrentSubtitle');
    },
@@ -339,10 +330,6 @@ test('handleCliCommand handles visibility and utility command dispatches', () =>
    args: Partial<CliArgs>;
    expected: string;
  }> = [
-    {
-      args: { toggleInvisibleOverlay: true },
-      expected: 'toggleInvisibleOverlay',
-    },
    { args: { settings: true }, expected: 'openYomitanSettingsDelayed:1000' },
    {
      args: { showVisibleOverlay: true },
@@ -352,14 +339,6 @@ test('handleCliCommand handles visibility and utility command dispatches', () =>
      args: { hideVisibleOverlay: true },
      expected: 'setVisibleOverlayVisible:false',
    },
-    {
-      args: { showInvisibleOverlay: true },
-      expected: 'setInvisibleOverlayVisible:true',
-    },
-    {
-      args: { hideInvisibleOverlay: true },
-      expected: 'setInvisibleOverlayVisible:false',
-    },
    { args: { copySubtitle: true }, expected: 'copyCurrentSubtitle' },
    {
      args: { copySubtitleMultiple: true },
--- a/src/core/services/cli-command.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/cli-command.ts
@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@ export interface CliCommandServiceDeps {
  isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => boolean;
  initializeOverlayRuntime: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  openYomitanSettingsDelayed: (delayMs: number) => void;
  setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
  copyCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
  startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs: number) => void;
  mineSentenceCard: () => Promise<void>;
@@ -93,9 +91,7 @@ interface OverlayCliRuntime {
  isInitialized: () => boolean;
  initialize: () => void;
  toggleVisible: () => void;
-  toggleInvisible: () => void;
  setVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
 }

 interface MiningCliRuntime {
@@ -180,14 +176,12 @@ export function createCliCommandDepsRuntime(
    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: options.overlay.isInitialized,
    initializeOverlayRuntime: options.overlay.initialize,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: options.overlay.toggleVisible,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: options.overlay.toggleInvisible,
    openYomitanSettingsDelayed: (delayMs) => {
      options.schedule(() => {
        options.ui.openYomitanSettings();
      }, delayMs);
    },
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: options.overlay.setVisible,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: options.overlay.setInvisible,
    copyCurrentSubtitle: options.mining.copyCurrentSubtitle,
    startPendingMultiCopy: options.mining.startPendingMultiCopy,
    mineSentenceCard: options.mining.mineSentenceCard,
@@ -242,14 +236,11 @@ export function handleCliCommand(
    args.stop ||
    args.toggle ||
    args.toggleVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.toggleInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.settings ||
    args.show ||
    args.hide ||
    args.showVisibleOverlay ||
    args.hideVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.showInvisibleOverlay ||
-    args.hideInvisibleOverlay ||
    args.copySubtitle ||
    args.copySubtitleMultiple ||
    args.mineSentence ||
@@ -286,10 +277,7 @@ export function handleCliCommand(
  }

  const shouldStart =
-    args.start ||
-    args.toggle ||
-    args.toggleVisibleOverlay ||
-    args.toggleInvisibleOverlay;
+    args.start || args.toggle || args.toggleVisibleOverlay;
  const needsOverlayRuntime = commandNeedsOverlayRuntime(args);
  const shouldInitializeOverlayRuntime = needsOverlayRuntime || args.start;

@@ -325,18 +313,12 @@ export function handleCliCommand(

  if (args.toggle || args.toggleVisibleOverlay) {
    deps.toggleVisibleOverlay();
-  } else if (args.toggleInvisibleOverlay) {
-    deps.toggleInvisibleOverlay();
  } else if (args.settings) {
    deps.openYomitanSettingsDelayed(1000);
  } else if (args.show || args.showVisibleOverlay) {
    deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(true);
  } else if (args.hide || args.hideVisibleOverlay) {
    deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(false);
-  } else if (args.showInvisibleOverlay) {
-    deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(true);
-  } else if (args.hideInvisibleOverlay) {
-    deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(false);
  } else if (args.copySubtitle) {
    deps.copyCurrentSubtitle();
  } else if (args.copySubtitleMultiple) {
--- a/src/core/services/field-grouping-overlay.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/field-grouping-overlay.test.ts
@@ -19,11 +19,9 @@ test('createFieldGroupingOverlayRuntime sends overlay messages and sets restore
      },
    }),
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => visible,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (next) => {
      visible = next;
    },
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
    getResolver: () => null,
    setResolver: () => {},
    getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose: () => restore,
@@ -44,9 +42,7 @@ test('createFieldGroupingOverlayRuntime callback cancels when send fails', async
  const runtime = createFieldGroupingOverlayRuntime<'runtime-options' | 'subsync'>({
    getMainWindow: () => null,
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
    getResolver: () => resolver,
    setResolver: (next: ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null) => {
      resolver = next;
@@ -87,12 +83,10 @@ test('createFieldGroupingOverlayRuntime callback restores hidden visible overlay
  const runtime = createFieldGroupingOverlayRuntime<'runtime-options' | 'subsync'>({
    getMainWindow: () => null,
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => visible,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (nextVisible) => {
      visible = nextVisible;
      visibilityTransitions.push(nextVisible);
    },
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
    getResolver: () => resolver as ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null,
    setResolver: (nextResolver: ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null) => {
      resolver = nextResolver;
--- a/src/core/services/field-grouping-overlay.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/field-grouping-overlay.ts
@@ -11,9 +11,7 @@ interface WindowLike {
 export interface FieldGroupingOverlayRuntimeOptions<T extends string> {
  getMainWindow: () => WindowLike | null;
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
  getResolver: () => ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null;
  setResolver: (resolver: ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null) => void;
  getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose: () => Set<T>;
@@ -65,9 +63,7 @@ export function createFieldGroupingOverlayRuntime<T extends string>(
  ) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice>) => {
    return createFieldGroupingCallbackRuntime({
      getVisibleOverlayVisible: options.getVisibleOverlayVisible,
-      getInvisibleOverlayVisible: options.getInvisibleOverlayVisible,
      setVisibleOverlayVisible: options.setVisibleOverlayVisible,
-      setInvisibleOverlayVisible: options.setInvisibleOverlayVisible,
      getResolver: options.getResolver,
      setResolver: options.setResolver,
      sendToVisibleOverlay,
--- a/src/core/services/field-grouping.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/field-grouping.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@ import { KikuFieldGroupingChoice, KikuFieldGroupingRequestData } from '../../typ

 export function createFieldGroupingCallback(options: {
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
  getResolver: () => ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null;
  setResolver: (resolver: ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null) => void;
  sendRequestToVisibleOverlay: (data: KikuFieldGroupingRequestData) => boolean;
@@ -22,7 +20,6 @@ export function createFieldGroupingCallback(options: {
      }

      const previousVisibleOverlay = options.getVisibleOverlayVisible();
-      const previousInvisibleOverlay = options.getInvisibleOverlayVisible();
      let settled = false;

      const finish = (choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice): void => {
@@ -36,9 +33,6 @@ export function createFieldGroupingCallback(options: {
        if (!previousVisibleOverlay && options.getVisibleOverlayVisible()) {
          options.setVisibleOverlayVisible(false);
        }
-        if (options.getInvisibleOverlayVisible() !== previousInvisibleOverlay) {
-          options.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(previousInvisibleOverlay);
-        }
      };

      options.setResolver(finish);
--- a/src/core/services/ipc.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/ipc.test.ts
@@ -36,10 +36,8 @@ function createFakeIpcRegistrar(): {
 test('createIpcDepsRuntime wires AniList handlers', async () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  const deps = createIpcDepsRuntime({
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => null,
    getMainWindow: () => null,
    getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
    onOverlayModalClosed: () => {},
    openYomitanSettings: () => {},
    quitApp: () => {},
@@ -47,7 +45,6 @@ test('createIpcDepsRuntime wires AniList handlers', async () => {
    tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: async () => null,
    getCurrentSubtitleRaw: () => '',
    getCurrentSubtitleAss: () => '',
-    getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: () => null,
    getSubtitlePosition: () => null,
    getSubtitleStyle: () => null,
    saveSubtitlePosition: () => {},
@@ -64,7 +61,6 @@ test('createIpcDepsRuntime wires AniList handlers', async () => {
    setRuntimeOption: () => ({ ok: true }),
    cycleRuntimeOption: () => ({ ok: true }),
    reportOverlayContentBounds: () => {},
-    reportHoveredSubtitleToken: () => {},
    getAnilistStatus: () => ({ tokenStatus: 'resolved' }),
    clearAnilistToken: () => {
      calls.push('clearAnilistToken');
@@ -101,20 +97,15 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers rejects malformed runtime-option payloads', async () =
  const cycles: Array<{ id: string; direction: 1 | -1 }> = [];
  registerIpcHandlers(
    {
-      getInvisibleWindow: () => null,
-      isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
-      setInvisibleIgnoreMouseEvents: () => {},
      onOverlayModalClosed: () => {},
      openYomitanSettings: () => {},
      quitApp: () => {},
      toggleDevTools: () => {},
      getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
      toggleVisibleOverlay: () => {},
-      getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
      tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: async () => null,
      getCurrentSubtitleRaw: () => '',
      getCurrentSubtitleAss: () => '',
-      getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: () => null,
      getSubtitlePosition: () => null,
      getSubtitleStyle: () => null,
      saveSubtitlePosition: () => {},
@@ -138,7 +129,6 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers rejects malformed runtime-option payloads', async () =
        return { ok: true };
      },
      reportOverlayContentBounds: () => {},
-      reportHoveredSubtitleToken: () => {},
      getAnilistStatus: () => ({}),
      clearAnilistToken: () => {},
      openAnilistSetup: () => {},
@@ -176,25 +166,24 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers rejects malformed runtime-option payloads', async () =
 test('registerIpcHandlers ignores malformed fire-and-forget payloads', () => {
  const { registrar, handlers } = createFakeIpcRegistrar();
  const saves: unknown[] = [];
-  const modals: unknown[] = [];
+  const closedModals: unknown[] = [];
+  const openedModals: unknown[] = [];
  registerIpcHandlers(
    {
-      getInvisibleWindow: () => null,
-      isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
-      setInvisibleIgnoreMouseEvents: () => {},
      onOverlayModalClosed: (modal) => {
-        modals.push(modal);
+        closedModals.push(modal);
+      },
+      onOverlayModalOpened: (modal) => {
+        openedModals.push(modal);
      },
      openYomitanSettings: () => {},
      quitApp: () => {},
      toggleDevTools: () => {},
      getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
      toggleVisibleOverlay: () => {},
-      getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
      tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: async () => null,
      getCurrentSubtitleRaw: () => '',
      getCurrentSubtitleAss: () => '',
-      getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: () => null,
      getSubtitlePosition: () => null,
      getSubtitleStyle: () => null,
      saveSubtitlePosition: (position) => {
@@ -214,7 +203,6 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers ignores malformed fire-and-forget payloads', () => {
      setRuntimeOption: () => ({ ok: true }),
      cycleRuntimeOption: () => ({ ok: true }),
      reportOverlayContentBounds: () => {},
-      reportHoveredSubtitleToken: () => {},
      getAnilistStatus: () => ({}),
      clearAnilistToken: () => {},
      openAnilistSetup: () => {},
@@ -228,11 +216,16 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers ignores malformed fire-and-forget payloads', () => {
  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.saveSubtitlePosition)!({}, { yPercent: 'bad' });
  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.saveSubtitlePosition)!({}, { yPercent: 42 });
  assert.deepEqual(saves, [
-    { yPercent: 42, invisibleOffsetXPx: undefined, invisibleOffsetYPx: undefined },
+    { yPercent: 42 },
  ]);

  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalClosed)!({}, 'not-a-modal');
  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalClosed)!({}, 'subsync');
  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalClosed)!({}, 'kiku');
-  assert.deepEqual(modals, ['subsync', 'kiku']);
+  assert.deepEqual(closedModals, ['subsync', 'kiku']);
+
+  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalOpened)!({}, 'bad');
+  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalOpened)!({}, 'subsync');
+  handlers.on.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalOpened)!({}, 'runtime-options');
+  assert.deepEqual(openedModals, ['subsync', 'runtime-options']);
 });
--- a/src/core/services/ipc.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/ipc.ts
@@ -19,20 +19,16 @@ import {
 } from '../../shared/ipc/validators';

 export interface IpcServiceDeps {
-  getInvisibleWindow: () => WindowLike | null;
-  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  setInvisibleIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore: boolean, options?: { forward?: boolean }) => void;
  onOverlayModalClosed: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
+  onOverlayModalOpened?: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
  openYomitanSettings: () => void;
  quitApp: () => void;
  toggleDevTools: () => void;
  getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: () => Promise<unknown>;
  getCurrentSubtitleRaw: () => string;
  getCurrentSubtitleAss: () => string;
-  getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: () => unknown;
  getSubtitlePosition: () => unknown;
  getSubtitleStyle: () => unknown;
  saveSubtitlePosition: (position: SubtitlePosition) => void;
@@ -54,7 +50,6 @@ export interface IpcServiceDeps {
  setRuntimeOption: (id: RuntimeOptionId, value: RuntimeOptionValue) => unknown;
  cycleRuntimeOption: (id: RuntimeOptionId, direction: 1 | -1) => unknown;
  reportOverlayContentBounds: (payload: unknown) => void;
-  reportHoveredSubtitleToken: (tokenIndex: number | null) => void;
  getAnilistStatus: () => unknown;
  clearAnilistToken: () => void;
  openAnilistSetup: () => void;
@@ -91,18 +86,16 @@ interface IpcMainRegistrar {
 }

 export interface IpcDepsRuntimeOptions {
-  getInvisibleWindow: () => WindowLike | null;
  getMainWindow: () => WindowLike | null;
  getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  onOverlayModalClosed: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
+  onOverlayModalOpened?: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
  openYomitanSettings: () => void;
  quitApp: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
  tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: () => Promise<unknown>;
  getCurrentSubtitleRaw: () => string;
  getCurrentSubtitleAss: () => string;
-  getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: () => unknown;
  getSubtitlePosition: () => unknown;
  getSubtitleStyle: () => unknown;
  saveSubtitlePosition: (position: SubtitlePosition) => void;
@@ -119,7 +112,6 @@ export interface IpcDepsRuntimeOptions {
  setRuntimeOption: (id: RuntimeOptionId, value: RuntimeOptionValue) => unknown;
  cycleRuntimeOption: (id: RuntimeOptionId, direction: 1 | -1) => unknown;
  reportOverlayContentBounds: (payload: unknown) => void;
-  reportHoveredSubtitleToken: (tokenIndex: number | null) => void;
  getAnilistStatus: () => unknown;
  clearAnilistToken: () => void;
  openAnilistSetup: () => void;
@@ -130,14 +122,8 @@ export interface IpcDepsRuntimeOptions {

 export function createIpcDepsRuntime(options: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions): IpcServiceDeps {
  return {
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => options.getInvisibleWindow(),
-    isVisibleOverlayVisible: options.getVisibleOverlayVisibility,
-    setInvisibleIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore, eventsOptions) => {
-      const invisibleWindow = options.getInvisibleWindow();
-      if (!invisibleWindow || invisibleWindow.isDestroyed()) return;
-      invisibleWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(ignore, eventsOptions);
-    },
    onOverlayModalClosed: options.onOverlayModalClosed,
+    onOverlayModalOpened: options.onOverlayModalOpened,
    openYomitanSettings: options.openYomitanSettings,
    quitApp: options.quitApp,
    toggleDevTools: () => {
@@ -147,11 +133,9 @@ export function createIpcDepsRuntime(options: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions): IpcService
    },
    getVisibleOverlayVisibility: options.getVisibleOverlayVisibility,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: options.toggleVisibleOverlay,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: options.getInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
    tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: options.tokenizeCurrentSubtitle,
    getCurrentSubtitleRaw: options.getCurrentSubtitleRaw,
    getCurrentSubtitleAss: options.getCurrentSubtitleAss,
-    getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: options.getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics,
    getSubtitlePosition: options.getSubtitlePosition,
    getSubtitleStyle: options.getSubtitleStyle,
    saveSubtitlePosition: options.saveSubtitlePosition,
@@ -182,7 +166,6 @@ export function createIpcDepsRuntime(options: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions): IpcService
    setRuntimeOption: options.setRuntimeOption,
    cycleRuntimeOption: options.cycleRuntimeOption,
    reportOverlayContentBounds: options.reportOverlayContentBounds,
-    reportHoveredSubtitleToken: options.reportHoveredSubtitleToken,
    getAnilistStatus: options.getAnilistStatus,
    clearAnilistToken: options.clearAnilistToken,
    openAnilistSetup: options.openAnilistSetup,
@@ -200,17 +183,7 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
      const parsedOptions = parseOptionalForwardingOptions(options);
      const senderWindow = BrowserWindow.fromWebContents((event as IpcMainEvent).sender);
      if (senderWindow && !senderWindow.isDestroyed()) {
-        const invisibleWindow = deps.getInvisibleWindow();
-        if (
-          senderWindow === invisibleWindow &&
-          deps.isVisibleOverlayVisible() &&
-          invisibleWindow &&
-          !invisibleWindow.isDestroyed()
-        ) {
-          deps.setInvisibleIgnoreMouseEvents(true, { forward: true });
-        } else {
-          senderWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(ignore, parsedOptions);
-        }
+        senderWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(ignore, parsedOptions);
      }
    },
  );
@@ -220,6 +193,12 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
    if (!parsedModal) return;
    deps.onOverlayModalClosed(parsedModal);
  });
+  ipc.on(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalOpened, (_event: unknown, modal: unknown) => {
+    const parsedModal = parseOverlayHostedModal(modal);
+    if (!parsedModal) return;
+    if (!deps.onOverlayModalOpened) return;
+    deps.onOverlayModalOpened(parsedModal);
+  });

  ipc.on(IPC_CHANNELS.command.openYomitanSettings, () => {
    deps.openYomitanSettings();
@@ -245,10 +224,6 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
    return deps.getVisibleOverlayVisibility();
  });

-  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getInvisibleOverlayVisibility, () => {
-    return deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  });
-
  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getCurrentSubtitle, async () => {
    return await deps.tokenizeCurrentSubtitle();
  });
@@ -261,10 +236,6 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
    return deps.getCurrentSubtitleAss();
  });

-  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics, () => {
-    return deps.getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics();
-  });
-
  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getSubtitlePosition, () => {
    return deps.getSubtitlePosition();
  });
@@ -358,17 +329,6 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
    deps.reportOverlayContentBounds(payload);
  });

-  ipc.on('subtitle-token-hover:set', (_event: unknown, tokenIndex: unknown) => {
-    if (tokenIndex === null) {
-      deps.reportHoveredSubtitleToken(null);
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!Number.isInteger(tokenIndex) || (tokenIndex as number) < 0) {
-      return;
-    }
-    deps.reportHoveredSubtitleToken(tokenIndex as number);
-  });
-
  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getAnilistStatus, () => {
    return deps.getAnilistStatus();
  });
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-bridge.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-bridge.test.ts
@@ -33,13 +33,51 @@ test('sendToVisibleOverlayRuntime restores visibility flag when opening hidden o
  assert.deepEqual(sent, [['runtime-options:open']]);
 });

+test('sendToVisibleOverlayRuntime waits for overlay page before sending open command', () => {
+  const sent: unknown[][] = [];
+  const restoreSet = new Set<'runtime-options' | 'subsync'>();
+  let loading = true;
+  let currentURL = '';
+  const finishCallbacks: Array<() => void> = [];
+
+  const ok = sendToVisibleOverlayRuntime({
+    mainWindow: {
+      isDestroyed: () => false,
+      webContents: {
+        isLoading: () => loading,
+        getURL: () => currentURL,
+        send: (...args: unknown[]) => {
+          sent.push(args);
+        },
+        once: (_event: string, callback: () => void) => {
+          finishCallbacks.push(callback);
+        },
+      },
+    } as unknown as Electron.BrowserWindow,
+    visibleOverlayVisible: false,
+    setVisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
+    channel: 'runtime-options:open',
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+    restoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose: restoreSet,
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(ok, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(sent, []);
+  assert.equal(restoreSet.has('runtime-options'), true);
+
+  loading = false;
+  currentURL = 'file:///overlay/index.html?layer=visible';
+  assert.ok(finishCallbacks[0]);
+  finishCallbacks[0]!();
+
+  assert.deepEqual(sent, [['runtime-options:open']]);
+});
+
 test('createFieldGroupingCallbackRuntime cancels when overlay request cannot be sent', async () => {
  let resolver: ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null = null;
  const callback = createFieldGroupingCallbackRuntime<'runtime-options' | 'subsync'>({
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
    getResolver: () => resolver,
    setResolver: (next) => {
      resolver = next;
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-bridge.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-bridge.ts
@@ -26,27 +26,32 @@ export function sendToVisibleOverlayRuntime<T extends string>(options: {
      options.mainWindow!.webContents.send(options.channel, options.payload);
    }
  };
-  if (options.mainWindow.webContents.isLoading()) {
+
+  const getURL = options.mainWindow.webContents.getURL;
+  const currentURL =
+    typeof getURL === 'function' ? getURL.call(options.mainWindow.webContents) : 'ready';
+  const isReady =
+    !options.mainWindow.webContents.isLoading() &&
+    currentURL !== '' &&
+    currentURL !== 'about:blank';
+
+  if (!isReady) {
    options.mainWindow.webContents.once('did-finish-load', () => {
-      if (
-        options.mainWindow &&
-        !options.mainWindow.isDestroyed() &&
-        !options.mainWindow.webContents.isLoading()
-      ) {
+      if (!options.mainWindow || options.mainWindow.isDestroyed()) return;
+      if (!options.mainWindow.webContents.isLoading()) {
        sendNow();
      }
    });
    return true;
  }
+
  sendNow();
  return true;
 }

 export function createFieldGroupingCallbackRuntime<T extends string>(options: {
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
  getResolver: () => ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null;
  setResolver: (resolver: ((choice: KikuFieldGroupingChoice) => void) | null) => void;
  sendToVisibleOverlay: (
@@ -57,9 +62,7 @@ export function createFieldGroupingCallbackRuntime<T extends string>(options: {
 }): (data: KikuFieldGroupingRequestData) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice> {
  return createFieldGroupingCallback({
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: options.getVisibleOverlayVisible,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: options.getInvisibleOverlayVisible,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: options.setVisibleOverlayVisible,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: options.setInvisibleOverlayVisible,
    getResolver: options.getResolver,
    setResolver: options.setResolver,
    sendRequestToVisibleOverlay: (data) =>
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-content-measurement.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-content-measurement.test.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ test('sanitizeOverlayContentMeasurement accepts valid payload with null rect', (
 test('sanitizeOverlayContentMeasurement rejects invalid ranges', () => {
  const measurement = sanitizeOverlayContentMeasurement(
    {
-      layer: 'invisible',
+      layer: 'visible',
      measuredAtMs: 100,
      viewport: { width: 0, height: 1080 },
      contentRect: { x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 20 },
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ test('sanitizeOverlayContentMeasurement rejects invalid ranges', () => {
  assert.equal(measurement, null);
 });

-test('overlay measurement store keeps latest payload per layer', () => {
+test('overlay measurement store keeps latest payload for visible layer', () => {
  const store = createOverlayContentMeasurementStore({
    now: () => 1000,
    warn: () => {
@@ -53,17 +53,9 @@ test('overlay measurement store keeps latest payload per layer', () => {
    viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
    contentRect: { x: 50, y: 60, width: 400, height: 80 },
  });
-  const invisible = store.report({
-    layer: 'invisible',
-    measuredAtMs: 910,
-    viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
-    contentRect: { x: 20, y: 30, width: 300, height: 40 },
-  });

  assert.equal(visible?.layer, 'visible');
-  assert.equal(invisible?.layer, 'invisible');
  assert.equal(store.getLatestByLayer('visible')?.contentRect?.width, 400);
-  assert.equal(store.getLatestByLayer('invisible')?.contentRect?.height, 40);
 });

 test('overlay measurement store rate-limits invalid payload warnings', () => {
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-content-measurement.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-content-measurement.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export function sanitizeOverlayContentMeasurement(
    } | null;
  };

-  if (candidate.layer !== 'visible' && candidate.layer !== 'invisible') {
+  if (candidate.layer !== 'visible') {
    return null;
  }

@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ export function createOverlayContentMeasurementStore(options?: {
  const warn = options?.warn ?? ((message: string) => logger.warn(message));
  const latestByLayer: OverlayMeasurementStore = {
    visible: null,
-    invisible: null,
  };

  let droppedInvalid = 0;
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-runtime-init.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-runtime-init.ts
@@ -10,16 +10,11 @@ import {

 export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
  backendOverride: string | null;
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  createMainWindow: () => void;
-  createInvisibleWindow: () => void;
  registerGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  isInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -38,12 +33,8 @@ export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
    data: KikuFieldGroupingRequestData,
  ) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice>;
  getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => string;
-}): {
-  invisibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
-} {
+}): void {
  options.createMainWindow();
-  options.createInvisibleWindow();
-  const invisibleOverlayVisible = options.getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
  options.registerGlobalShortcuts();

  const windowTracker = createWindowTracker(options.backendOverride, options.getMpvSocketPath());
@@ -51,17 +42,12 @@ export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
  if (windowTracker) {
    windowTracker.onGeometryChange = (geometry: WindowGeometry) => {
      options.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
-      options.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
    };
    windowTracker.onWindowFound = (geometry: WindowGeometry) => {
      options.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
-      options.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
      if (options.isVisibleOverlayVisible()) {
        options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
      }
-      if (options.isInvisibleOverlayVisible()) {
-        options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-      }
    };
    windowTracker.onWindowLost = () => {
      for (const window of options.getOverlayWindows()) {
@@ -101,7 +87,4 @@ export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
  }

  options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-
-  return { invisibleOverlayVisible };
 }
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut-handler.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut-handler.test.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import {
 function makeShortcuts(overrides: Partial<ConfiguredShortcuts> = {}): ConfiguredShortcuts {
  return {
    toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: null,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: null,
    copySubtitle: null,
    copySubtitleMultiple: null,
    updateLastCardFromClipboard: null,
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+
+import { setVisibleOverlayVisible, updateVisibleOverlayVisibility } from './overlay-visibility';
+
+type WindowTrackerStub = {
+  isTracking: () => boolean;
+  getGeometry: () => { x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number } | null;
+};
+
+function createMainWindowRecorder() {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const window = {
+    isDestroyed: () => false,
+    hide: () => {
+      calls.push('hide');
+    },
+    show: () => {
+      calls.push('show');
+    },
+    focus: () => {
+      calls.push('focus');
+    },
+    setIgnoreMouseEvents: () => {
+      calls.push('mouse-ignore');
+    },
+  };
+
+  return { window, calls };
+}
+
+test('macOS keeps visible overlay hidden while tracker is not ready and emits one loading OSD', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let trackerWarning = false;
+  const osdMessages: string[] = [];
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => false,
+    getGeometry: () => null,
+  };
+
+  const run = () =>
+    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+      visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+      mainWindow: window as never,
+      windowTracker: tracker as never,
+      trackerNotReadyWarningShown: trackerWarning,
+      setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
+        trackerWarning = shown;
+      },
+      updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+        calls.push('update-bounds');
+      },
+      ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+        calls.push('ensure-level');
+      },
+      syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+        calls.push('sync-layer');
+      },
+      enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+        calls.push('enforce-order');
+      },
+      syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+        calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+      },
+      isMacOSPlatform: true,
+      showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => {
+        osdMessages.push(message);
+      },
+    } as never);
+
+  run();
+  run();
+
+  assert.equal(trackerWarning, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(osdMessages, ['Overlay loading...']);
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('hide'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('show'));
+});
+
+test('non-macOS keeps fallback visible overlay behavior when tracker is not ready', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let trackerWarning = false;
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => false,
+    getGeometry: () => null,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: trackerWarning,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
+      trackerWarning = shown;
+    },
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: () => {
+      calls.push('osd');
+    },
+    resolveFallbackBounds: () => ({ x: 12, y: 24, width: 640, height: 360 }),
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.equal(trackerWarning, true);
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('update-bounds'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('show'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('focus'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('osd'));
+});
+
+test('macOS keeps visible overlay hidden while tracker is not initialized yet', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let trackerWarning = false;
+  const osdMessages: string[] = [];
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: null,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: trackerWarning,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
+      trackerWarning = shown;
+    },
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: true,
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => {
+      osdMessages.push(message);
+    },
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.equal(trackerWarning, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(osdMessages, ['Overlay loading...']);
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('hide'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('show'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('update-bounds'));
+});
+
+test('setVisibleOverlayVisible does not mutate mpv subtitle visibility directly', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  setVisibleOverlayVisible({
+    visible: true,
+    setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible) => {
+      calls.push(`state:${visible}`);
+    },
+    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {
+      calls.push('update');
+    },
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['state:true', 'update']);
+});
+
+test('macOS loading OSD can show again after overlay is hidden and retried', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const osdMessages: string[] = [];
+  let trackerWarning = false;
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: null,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: trackerWarning,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
+      trackerWarning = shown;
+      calls.push(`warn:${shown ? 'yes' : 'no'}`);
+    },
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: true,
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => {
+      osdMessages.push(message);
+    },
+  } as never);
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: false,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: null,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: trackerWarning,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
+      trackerWarning = shown;
+      calls.push(`warn:${shown ? 'yes' : 'no'}`);
+    },
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {},
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {},
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {},
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {},
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {},
+    isMacOSPlatform: true,
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: () => {},
+  } as never);
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: null,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: trackerWarning,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
+      trackerWarning = shown;
+      calls.push(`warn:${shown ? 'yes' : 'no'}`);
+    },
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: true,
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => {
+      osdMessages.push(message);
+    },
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.deepEqual(osdMessages, ['Overlay loading...', 'Overlay loading...']);
+});
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { BrowserWindow, screen } from 'electron';
+import type { BrowserWindow } from 'electron';
 import { BaseWindowTracker } from '../../window-trackers';
 import { WindowGeometry } from '../../types';

@@ -10,14 +10,19 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
+  syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') => void;
  enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => void;
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
+  isMacOSPlatform?: boolean;
+  showOverlayLoadingOsd?: (message: string) => void;
+  resolveFallbackBounds: () => WindowGeometry;
 }): void {
  if (!args.mainWindow || args.mainWindow.isDestroyed()) {
    return;
  }

  if (!args.visibleOverlayVisible) {
+    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(false);
    args.mainWindow.hide();
    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
    return;
@@ -29,6 +34,8 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
    if (geometry) {
      args.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
    }
+    args.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
+    args.mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
    args.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(args.mainWindow);
    args.mainWindow.show();
    args.mainWindow.focus();
@@ -38,7 +45,18 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  }

  if (!args.windowTracker) {
+    if (args.isMacOSPlatform) {
+      if (!args.trackerNotReadyWarningShown) {
+        args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(true);
+        args.showOverlayLoadingOsd?.('Overlay loading...');
+      }
+      args.mainWindow.hide();
+      args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
+      return;
+    }
    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(false);
+    args.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
+    args.mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
    args.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(args.mainWindow);
    args.mainWindow.show();
    args.mainWindow.focus();
@@ -49,16 +67,21 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {

  if (!args.trackerNotReadyWarningShown) {
    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(true);
+    if (args.isMacOSPlatform) {
+      args.showOverlayLoadingOsd?.('Overlay loading...');
+    }
  }
-  const cursorPoint = screen.getCursorScreenPoint();
-  const display = screen.getDisplayNearestPoint(cursorPoint);
-  const fallbackBounds = display.workArea;
-  args.updateVisibleOverlayBounds({
-    x: fallbackBounds.x,
-    y: fallbackBounds.y,
-    width: fallbackBounds.width,
-    height: fallbackBounds.height,
-  });
+
+  if (args.isMacOSPlatform) {
+    args.mainWindow.hide();
+    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const fallbackBounds = args.resolveFallbackBounds();
+  args.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(fallbackBounds);
+  args.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
+  args.mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
  args.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(args.mainWindow);
  args.mainWindow.show();
  args.mainWindow.focus();
@@ -66,111 +89,11 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
 }

-export function updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
-  invisibleWindow: BrowserWindow | null;
-  visibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
-  invisibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
-  windowTracker: BaseWindowTracker | null;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
-  enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => void;
-  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
-}): void {
-  if (!args.invisibleWindow || args.invisibleWindow.isDestroyed()) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (args.visibleOverlayVisible) {
-    args.invisibleWindow.hide();
-    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  const showInvisibleWithoutFocus = (): void => {
-    args.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(args.invisibleWindow!);
-    if (typeof args.invisibleWindow!.showInactive === 'function') {
-      args.invisibleWindow!.showInactive();
-    } else {
-      args.invisibleWindow!.show();
-    }
-    args.enforceOverlayLayerOrder();
-  };
-
-  if (!args.invisibleOverlayVisible) {
-    args.invisibleWindow.hide();
-    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (args.windowTracker && args.windowTracker.isTracking()) {
-    const geometry = args.windowTracker.getGeometry();
-    if (geometry) {
-      args.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
-    }
-    showInvisibleWithoutFocus();
-    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (!args.windowTracker) {
-    showInvisibleWithoutFocus();
-    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  const cursorPoint = screen.getCursorScreenPoint();
-  const display = screen.getDisplayNearestPoint(cursorPoint);
-  const fallbackBounds = display.workArea;
-  args.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds({
-    x: fallbackBounds.x,
-    y: fallbackBounds.y,
-    width: fallbackBounds.width,
-    height: fallbackBounds.height,
-  });
-  showInvisibleWithoutFocus();
-  args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
-}
-
-export function syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough(options: {
-  hasInvisibleWindow: () => boolean;
-  setIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore: boolean, extra?: { forward: boolean }) => void;
-  visibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
-  invisibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
-}): void {
-  if (!options.hasInvisibleWindow()) return;
-  if (options.visibleOverlayVisible) {
-    options.setIgnoreMouseEvents(true, { forward: true });
-  } else if (options.invisibleOverlayVisible) {
-    options.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
-  }
-}
-
 export function setVisibleOverlayVisible(options: {
  visible: boolean;
  setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
-  shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => boolean;
-  isMpvConnected: () => boolean;
-  setMpvSubVisibility: (visible: boolean) => void;
 }): void {
  options.setVisibleOverlayVisibleState(options.visible);
  options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  options.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
-  if (options.shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility() && options.isMpvConnected()) {
-    options.setMpvSubVisibility(!options.visible);
-  }
-}
-
-export function setInvisibleOverlayVisible(options: {
-  visible: boolean;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
-}): void {
-  options.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState(options.visible);
-  options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  options.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
 }
--- a/src/core/services/runtime-config.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/runtime-config.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import {
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
  isAutoUpdateEnabledRuntime,
  shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig,
  shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility,
@@ -10,9 +9,6 @@ import {
 const BASE_CONFIG = {
  auto_start_overlay: false,
  bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility: true,
-  invisibleOverlay: {
-    startupVisibility: 'platform-default' as const,
-  },
  ankiConnect: {
    behavior: {
      autoUpdateNewCards: true,
@@ -20,26 +16,7 @@ const BASE_CONFIG = {
  },
 };

-test('getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility handles visibility + platform', () => {
-  assert.equal(
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(
-      { ...BASE_CONFIG, invisibleOverlay: { startupVisibility: 'visible' } },
-      'linux',
-    ),
-    true,
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(
-      { ...BASE_CONFIG, invisibleOverlay: { startupVisibility: 'hidden' } },
-      'darwin',
-    ),
-    false,
-  );
-  assert.equal(getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(BASE_CONFIG, 'linux'), false);
-  assert.equal(getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(BASE_CONFIG, 'darwin'), true);
-});
-
-test('shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig respects auto start and visible startup', () => {
+test('shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig respects auto start', () => {
  assert.equal(shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig(BASE_CONFIG), false);
  assert.equal(
    shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig({
@@ -48,13 +25,6 @@ test('shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig respects auto start and visib
    }),
    true,
  );
-  assert.equal(
-    shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig({
-      ...BASE_CONFIG,
-      invisibleOverlay: { startupVisibility: 'visible' },
-    }),
-    true,
-  );
 });

 test('shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility returns config value', () => {
--- a/src/core/services/shortcut.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/shortcut.ts
@@ -5,14 +5,12 @@ const logger = createLogger('main:shortcut');

 export interface GlobalShortcutConfig {
  toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: string | null | undefined;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: string | null | undefined;
  openJimaku?: string | null | undefined;
 }

 export interface RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions {
  shortcuts: GlobalShortcutConfig;
  onToggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  onToggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  onOpenYomitanSettings: () => void;
  onOpenJimaku?: () => void;
  isDev: boolean;
@@ -21,9 +19,7 @@ export interface RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions {

 export function registerGlobalShortcuts(options: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions): void {
  const visibleShortcut = options.shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal;
-  const invisibleShortcut = options.shortcuts.toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal;
  const normalizedVisible = visibleShortcut?.replace(/\s+/g, '').toLowerCase();
-  const normalizedInvisible = invisibleShortcut?.replace(/\s+/g, '').toLowerCase();
  const normalizedJimaku = options.shortcuts.openJimaku?.replace(/\s+/g, '').toLowerCase();
  const normalizedSettings = 'alt+shift+y';

@@ -38,31 +34,10 @@ export function registerGlobalShortcuts(options: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceO
    }
  }

-  if (invisibleShortcut && normalizedInvisible && normalizedInvisible !== normalizedVisible) {
-    const toggleInvisibleRegistered = globalShortcut.register(invisibleShortcut, () => {
-      options.onToggleInvisibleOverlay();
-    });
-    if (!toggleInvisibleRegistered) {
-      logger.warn(
-        `Failed to register global shortcut toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: ${invisibleShortcut}`,
-      );
-    }
-  } else if (
-    invisibleShortcut &&
-    normalizedInvisible &&
-    normalizedInvisible === normalizedVisible
-  ) {
-    logger.warn(
-      'Skipped registering toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal because it collides with toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal',
-    );
-  }
-
  if (options.shortcuts.openJimaku && options.onOpenJimaku) {
    if (
      normalizedJimaku &&
-      (normalizedJimaku === normalizedVisible ||
-        normalizedJimaku === normalizedInvisible ||
-        normalizedJimaku === normalizedSettings)
+      (normalizedJimaku === normalizedVisible || normalizedJimaku === normalizedSettings)
    ) {
      logger.warn(
        'Skipped registering openJimaku because it collides with another global shortcut',
--- a/src/core/services/startup-bootstrap.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/startup-bootstrap.test.ts
@@ -10,14 +10,11 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    stop: false,
    toggle: false,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: false,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: false,
    settings: false,
    show: false,
    hide: false,
    showVisibleOverlay: false,
    hideVisibleOverlay: false,
-    showInvisibleOverlay: false,
-    hideInvisibleOverlay: false,
    copySubtitle: false,
    copySubtitleMultiple: false,
    mineSentence: false,
--- a/src/core/services/startup.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/startup.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ interface RuntimeAutoUpdateOptionManagerLike {
 export interface RuntimeConfigLike {
  auto_start_overlay?: boolean;
  bind_visible_overlay_to_mpv_sub_visibility: boolean;
-  invisibleOverlay: {
-    startupVisibility: 'visible' | 'hidden' | 'platform-default';
-  };
  ankiConnect?: {
    behavior?: {
      autoUpdateNewCards?: boolean;
@@ -155,21 +152,8 @@ function getStartupCriticalConfigErrors(config: AppReadyConfigLike): string[] {
  return errors;
 }

-export function getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(
-  config: RuntimeConfigLike,
-  platform: NodeJS.Platform,
-): boolean {
-  const visibility = config.invisibleOverlay.startupVisibility;
-  if (visibility === 'visible') return true;
-  if (visibility === 'hidden') return false;
-  if (platform === 'linux') return false;
-  return true;
-}
-
 export function shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig(config: RuntimeConfigLike): boolean {
-  if (config.auto_start_overlay === true) return true;
-  if (config.invisibleOverlay.startupVisibility === 'visible') return true;
-  return false;
+  return config.auto_start_overlay === true;
 }

 export function shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility(config: RuntimeConfigLike): boolean {
--- a/src/core/services/subtitle-position.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/subtitle-position.ts
@@ -101,20 +101,7 @@ export function loadSubtitlePosition(
    const data = fs.readFileSync(positionPath, 'utf-8');
    const parsed = JSON.parse(data) as Partial<SubtitlePosition>;
    if (parsed && typeof parsed.yPercent === 'number' && Number.isFinite(parsed.yPercent)) {
-      const position: SubtitlePosition = { yPercent: parsed.yPercent };
-      if (
-        typeof parsed.invisibleOffsetXPx === 'number' &&
-        Number.isFinite(parsed.invisibleOffsetXPx)
-      ) {
-        position.invisibleOffsetXPx = parsed.invisibleOffsetXPx;
-      }
-      if (
-        typeof parsed.invisibleOffsetYPx === 'number' &&
-        Number.isFinite(parsed.invisibleOffsetYPx)
-      ) {
-        position.invisibleOffsetYPx = parsed.invisibleOffsetYPx;
-      }
-      return position;
+      return { yPercent: parsed.yPercent };
    }
    return options.fallbackPosition;
  } catch (err) {
--- a/src/core/utils/shortcut-config.ts
+++ b/src/core/utils/shortcut-config.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { Config } from '../../types';

 export interface ConfiguredShortcuts {
  toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: string | null | undefined;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: string | null | undefined;
  copySubtitle: string | null | undefined;
  copySubtitleMultiple: string | null | undefined;
  updateLastCardFromClipboard: string | null | undefined;
@@ -33,10 +32,6 @@ export function resolveConfiguredShortcuts(
      config.shortcuts?.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal ??
        defaultConfig.shortcuts?.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal,
    ),
-    toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: normalizeShortcut(
-      config.shortcuts?.toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal ??
-        defaultConfig.shortcuts?.toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal,
-    ),
    copySubtitle: normalizeShortcut(
      config.shortcuts?.copySubtitle ?? defaultConfig.shortcuts?.copySubtitle,
    ),
--- a/src/main/cli-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/cli-runtime.ts
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@ export interface CliCommandRuntimeServiceContext {
  isOverlayInitialized: () => boolean;
  initializeOverlay: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  setVisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => void;
  copyCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
  startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs: number) => void;
  mineSentenceCard: () => Promise<void>;
@@ -74,9 +72,7 @@ function createCliCommandDepsFromContext(
      isInitialized: context.isOverlayInitialized,
      initialize: context.initializeOverlay,
      toggleVisible: context.toggleVisibleOverlay,
-      toggleInvisible: context.toggleInvisibleOverlay,
      setVisible: context.setVisibleOverlay,
-      setInvisible: context.setInvisibleOverlay,
    },
    mining: {
      copyCurrentSubtitle: context.copyCurrentSubtitle,
--- a/src/main/dependencies.ts
+++ b/src/main/dependencies.ts
@@ -53,11 +53,10 @@ export function createSubsyncRuntimeDeps(params: SubsyncRuntimeDepsParams): Subs
 }

 export interface MainIpcRuntimeServiceDepsParams {
-  getInvisibleWindow: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getInvisibleWindow'];
  getMainWindow: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getMainWindow'];
  getVisibleOverlayVisibility: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getVisibleOverlayVisibility'];
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getInvisibleOverlayVisibility'];
  onOverlayModalClosed: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['onOverlayModalClosed'];
+  onOverlayModalOpened?: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['onOverlayModalOpened'];
  openYomitanSettings: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['openYomitanSettings'];
  quitApp: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['quitApp'];
  toggleVisibleOverlay: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['toggleVisibleOverlay'];
@@ -65,7 +64,6 @@ export interface MainIpcRuntimeServiceDepsParams {
  getCurrentSubtitleRaw: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getCurrentSubtitleRaw'];
  getCurrentSubtitleAss: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getCurrentSubtitleAss'];
  focusMainWindow?: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['focusMainWindow'];
-  getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics'];
  getSubtitlePosition: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getSubtitlePosition'];
  getSubtitleStyle: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getSubtitleStyle'];
  saveSubtitlePosition: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['saveSubtitlePosition'];
@@ -81,7 +79,6 @@ export interface MainIpcRuntimeServiceDepsParams {
  setRuntimeOption: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['setRuntimeOption'];
  cycleRuntimeOption: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['cycleRuntimeOption'];
  reportOverlayContentBounds: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['reportOverlayContentBounds'];
-  reportHoveredSubtitleToken: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['reportHoveredSubtitleToken'];
  getAnilistStatus: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getAnilistStatus'];
  clearAnilistToken: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['clearAnilistToken'];
  openAnilistSetup: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['openAnilistSetup'];
@@ -132,9 +129,7 @@ export interface CliCommandRuntimeServiceDepsParams {
    isInitialized: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['overlay']['isInitialized'];
    initialize: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['overlay']['initialize'];
    toggleVisible: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['overlay']['toggleVisible'];
-    toggleInvisible: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['overlay']['toggleInvisible'];
    setVisible: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['overlay']['setVisible'];
-    setInvisible: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['overlay']['setInvisible'];
  };
  mining: {
    copyCurrentSubtitle: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['mining']['copyCurrentSubtitle'];
@@ -192,18 +187,16 @@ export function createMainIpcRuntimeServiceDeps(
  params: MainIpcRuntimeServiceDepsParams,
 ): IpcDepsRuntimeOptions {
  return {
-    getInvisibleWindow: params.getInvisibleWindow,
    getMainWindow: params.getMainWindow,
    getVisibleOverlayVisibility: params.getVisibleOverlayVisibility,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: params.getInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
    onOverlayModalClosed: params.onOverlayModalClosed,
+    onOverlayModalOpened: params.onOverlayModalOpened,
    openYomitanSettings: params.openYomitanSettings,
    quitApp: params.quitApp,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: params.toggleVisibleOverlay,
    tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: params.tokenizeCurrentSubtitle,
    getCurrentSubtitleRaw: params.getCurrentSubtitleRaw,
    getCurrentSubtitleAss: params.getCurrentSubtitleAss,
-    getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: params.getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics,
    getSubtitlePosition: params.getSubtitlePosition,
    getSubtitleStyle: params.getSubtitleStyle,
    saveSubtitlePosition: params.saveSubtitlePosition,
@@ -220,7 +213,6 @@ export function createMainIpcRuntimeServiceDeps(
    setRuntimeOption: params.setRuntimeOption,
    cycleRuntimeOption: params.cycleRuntimeOption,
    reportOverlayContentBounds: params.reportOverlayContentBounds,
-    reportHoveredSubtitleToken: params.reportHoveredSubtitleToken,
    getAnilistStatus: params.getAnilistStatus,
    clearAnilistToken: params.clearAnilistToken,
    openAnilistSetup: params.openAnilistSetup,
@@ -279,9 +271,7 @@ export function createCliCommandRuntimeServiceDeps(
      isInitialized: params.overlay.isInitialized,
      initialize: params.overlay.initialize,
      toggleVisible: params.overlay.toggleVisible,
-      toggleInvisible: params.overlay.toggleInvisible,
      setVisible: params.overlay.setVisible,
-      setInvisible: params.overlay.setInvisible,
    },
    mining: {
      copyCurrentSubtitle: params.mining.copyCurrentSubtitle,
--- a/src/main/overlay-visibility-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/overlay-visibility-runtime.ts
@@ -2,50 +2,31 @@ import type { BrowserWindow } from 'electron';

 import type { BaseWindowTracker } from '../window-trackers';
 import type { WindowGeometry } from '../types';
-import {
-  syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough,
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
-  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility,
-} from '../core/services';
+import { updateVisibleOverlayVisibility } from '../core/services';

 export interface OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDeps {
  getMainWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null;
-  getInvisibleWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null;
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  getWindowTracker: () => BaseWindowTracker | null;
  getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => boolean;
  setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
+  syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') => void;
  enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => void;
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
+  isMacOSPlatform: () => boolean;
+  showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => void;
+  resolveFallbackBounds: () => WindowGeometry;
 }

 export interface OverlayVisibilityRuntimeService {
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
 }

 export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(
  deps: OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDeps,
 ): OverlayVisibilityRuntimeService {
-  const hasInvisibleWindow = (): boolean => {
-    const invisibleWindow = deps.getInvisibleWindow();
-    return Boolean(invisibleWindow && !invisibleWindow.isDestroyed());
-  };
-
-  const setIgnoreMouseEvents = (
-    ignore: boolean,
-    options?: Parameters<BrowserWindow['setIgnoreMouseEvents']>[1],
-  ): void => {
-    const invisibleWindow = deps.getInvisibleWindow();
-    if (!invisibleWindow || invisibleWindow.isDestroyed()) return;
-    invisibleWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(ignore, options);
-  };
-
  return {
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(): void {
      updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
@@ -59,31 +40,13 @@ export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(
        updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) =>
          deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
        ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window),
+        syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') =>
+          deps.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer(layer),
        enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrder(),
        syncOverlayShortcuts: () => deps.syncOverlayShortcuts(),
-      });
-    },
-
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility(): void {
-      updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility({
-        invisibleWindow: deps.getInvisibleWindow(),
-        visibleOverlayVisible: deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-        invisibleOverlayVisible: deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
-        windowTracker: deps.getWindowTracker(),
-        updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) =>
-          deps.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
-        ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window),
-        enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrder(),
-        syncOverlayShortcuts: () => deps.syncOverlayShortcuts(),
-      });
-    },
-
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough(): void {
-      syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough({
-        hasInvisibleWindow,
-        setIgnoreMouseEvents,
-        visibleOverlayVisible: deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-        invisibleOverlayVisible: deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
+        isMacOSPlatform: deps.isMacOSPlatform(),
+        showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => deps.showOverlayLoadingOsd(message),
+        resolveFallbackBounds: () => deps.resolveFallbackBounds(),
      });
    },
  };
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-activate.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-activate.test.ts
@@ -19,14 +19,12 @@ test('restore windows on activate deps builder maps all restoration callbacks',
  const calls: string[] = [];
  const deps = createBuildRestoreWindowsOnActivateMainDepsHandler({
    createMainWindow: () => calls.push('main'),
-    createInvisibleWindow: () => calls.push('invisible'),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('visible'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('invisible-visible'),
+    syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => calls.push('mpv-sync'),
  })();

  deps.createMainWindow();
-  deps.createInvisibleWindow();
  deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['main', 'invisible', 'visible', 'invisible-visible']);
+  deps.syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression();
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['main', 'visible', 'mpv-sync']);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-activate.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-activate.ts
@@ -10,14 +10,12 @@ export function createBuildShouldRestoreWindowsOnActivateMainDepsHandler(deps: {

 export function createBuildRestoreWindowsOnActivateMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  createMainWindow: () => void;
-  createInvisibleWindow: () => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
+  syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => void;
 }) {
  return () => ({
    createMainWindow: () => deps.createMainWindow(),
-    createInvisibleWindow: () => deps.createInvisibleWindow(),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility(),
+    syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => deps.syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression(),
  });
 }
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-runtime-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-runtime-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -50,26 +50,18 @@ test('initialize overlay runtime main deps map build options and callbacks', ()
    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => false,
    initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: (value) => {
      calls.push(`core:${JSON.stringify(value)}`);
-      return { invisibleOverlayVisible: true };
    },
    buildOptions: () => options,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`set-invisible:${visible}`),
    setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: (initialized) => calls.push(`set-initialized:${initialized}`),
    startBackgroundWarmups: () => calls.push('warmups'),
  })();

  assert.equal(deps.isOverlayRuntimeInitialized(), false);
  assert.equal(deps.buildOptions(), options);
-  assert.deepEqual(deps.initializeOverlayRuntimeCore(options), { invisibleOverlayVisible: true });
-  deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(true);
+  assert.equal(deps.initializeOverlayRuntimeCore(options), undefined);
  deps.setOverlayRuntimeInitialized(true);
  deps.startBackgroundWarmups();
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
-    'core:{"id":"opts"}',
-    'set-invisible:true',
-    'set-initialized:true',
-    'warmups',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['core:{"id":"opts"}', 'set-initialized:true', 'warmups']);
 });

 test('open yomitan settings main deps map async open callbacks', async () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-runtime-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-runtime-main-deps.ts
@@ -45,9 +45,8 @@ export function createBuildDestroyTrayMainDepsHandler<TTray>(deps: {

 export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeBootstrapMainDepsHandler<TOptions>(deps: {
  isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => boolean;
-  initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: (options: TOptions) => { invisibleOverlayVisible: boolean };
+  initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: (options: TOptions) => void;
  buildOptions: () => TOptions;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
  setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: (initialized: boolean) => void;
  startBackgroundWarmups: () => void;
 }) {
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeBootstrapMainDepsHandler<TOpt
    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => deps.isOverlayRuntimeInitialized(),
    initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: (options: TOptions) => deps.initializeOverlayRuntimeCore(options),
    buildOptions: () => deps.buildOptions(),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
    setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: (initialized: boolean) =>
      deps.setOverlayRuntimeInitialized(initialized),
    startBackgroundWarmups: () => deps.startBackgroundWarmups(),
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.test.ts
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ test('build cli command context deps maps handlers and values', () => {
    isOverlayInitialized: () => true,
    initializeOverlay: () => calls.push('init'),
    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-visible'),
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-invisible'),
    setVisibleOverlay: (visible) => calls.push(`set-visible:${visible}`),
-    setInvisibleOverlay: (visible) => calls.push(`set-invisible:${visible}`),
    copyCurrentSubtitle: () => calls.push('copy'),
    startPendingMultiCopy: (ms) => calls.push(`multi:${ms}`),
    mineSentenceCard: async () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.ts
@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextDepsHandler(deps: {
  isOverlayInitialized: () => boolean;
  initializeOverlay: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  setVisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => void;
  copyCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
  startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs: number) => void;
  mineSentenceCard: () => Promise<void>;
@@ -60,9 +58,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextDepsHandler(deps: {
    isOverlayInitialized: deps.isOverlayInitialized,
    initializeOverlay: deps.initializeOverlay,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: deps.toggleVisibleOverlay,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: deps.toggleInvisibleOverlay,
    setVisibleOverlay: deps.setVisibleOverlay,
-    setInvisibleOverlay: deps.setInvisibleOverlay,
    copyCurrentSubtitle: deps.copyCurrentSubtitle,
    startPendingMultiCopy: deps.startPendingMultiCopy,
    mineSentenceCard: deps.mineSentenceCard,
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-factory.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-factory.test.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ test('cli command context factory composes main deps and context handlers', () =
    showMpvOsd: (text) => calls.push(`osd:${text}`),
    initializeOverlayRuntime: () => calls.push('init-overlay'),
    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-visible'),
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-invisible'),
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`set-visible:${visible}`),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`set-invisible:${visible}`),
    copyCurrentSubtitle: () => calls.push('copy-sub'),
    startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs) => calls.push(`multi:${timeoutMs}`),
    mineSentenceCard: async () => {},
@@ -73,16 +71,8 @@ test('cli command context factory composes main deps and context handlers', () =
  context.setSocketPath('/tmp/new.sock');
  context.showOsd('hello');
  context.setVisibleOverlay(true);
-  context.setInvisibleOverlay(false);
  context.toggleVisibleOverlay();
-  context.toggleInvisibleOverlay();

  assert.equal(appState.mpvSocketPath, '/tmp/new.sock');
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
-    'osd:hello',
-    'set-visible:true',
-    'set-invisible:false',
-    'toggle-visible',
-    'toggle-invisible',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['osd:hello', 'set-visible:true', 'toggle-visible']);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ test('cli command context main deps builder maps state and callbacks', async ()

    initializeOverlayRuntime: () => calls.push('init-overlay'),
    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-visible'),
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-invisible'),
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`set-visible:${visible}`),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`set-invisible:${visible}`),

    copyCurrentSubtitle: () => calls.push('copy-sub'),
    startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs) => calls.push(`multi:${timeoutMs}`),
@@ -103,16 +101,9 @@ test('cli command context main deps builder maps state and callbacks', async ()
  deps.showOsd('hello');
  deps.initializeOverlay();
  deps.setVisibleOverlay(true);
-  deps.setInvisibleOverlay(false);
  deps.printHelp();

-  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
-    'osd:hello',
-    'init-overlay',
-    'set-visible:true',
-    'set-invisible:false',
-    'help',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['osd:hello', 'init-overlay', 'set-visible:true', 'help']);

  const retry = await deps.retryAnilistQueueNow();
  assert.deepEqual(retry, { ok: true, message: 'ok' });
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.ts
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextMainDepsHandler(deps: {

  initializeOverlayRuntime: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;

  copyCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
  startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs: number) => void;
@@ -70,9 +68,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextMainDepsHandler(deps: {
    isOverlayInitialized: () => deps.appState.overlayRuntimeInitialized,
    initializeOverlay: () => deps.initializeOverlayRuntime(),
    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => deps.toggleVisibleOverlay(),
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => deps.toggleInvisibleOverlay(),
    setVisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
-    setInvisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
    copyCurrentSubtitle: () => deps.copyCurrentSubtitle(),
    startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs: number) => deps.startPendingMultiCopy(timeoutMs),
    mineSentenceCard: () => deps.mineSentenceCard(),
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.test.ts
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ function createDeps() {
      isOverlayInitialized: () => true,
      initializeOverlay: () => {},
      toggleVisibleOverlay: () => {},
-      toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => {},
      setVisibleOverlay: () => {},
-      setInvisibleOverlay: () => {},
      copyCurrentSubtitle: () => {},
      startPendingMultiCopy: () => {},
      mineSentenceCard: async () => {},
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export type CliCommandContextFactoryDeps = {
  isOverlayInitialized: () => boolean;
  initializeOverlay: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  setVisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlay: (visible: boolean) => void;
  copyCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
  startPendingMultiCopy: (timeoutMs: number) => void;
  mineSentenceCard: () => Promise<void>;
@@ -72,9 +70,7 @@ export function createCliCommandContext(
    isOverlayInitialized: deps.isOverlayInitialized,
    initializeOverlay: deps.initializeOverlay,
    toggleVisibleOverlay: deps.toggleVisibleOverlay,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: deps.toggleInvisibleOverlay,
    setVisibleOverlay: deps.setVisibleOverlay,
-    setInvisibleOverlay: deps.setInvisibleOverlay,
    copyCurrentSubtitle: deps.copyCurrentSubtitle,
    startPendingMultiCopy: deps.startPendingMultiCopy,
    mineSentenceCard: deps.mineSentenceCard,
--- a/src/main/runtime/composers/ipc-runtime-composer.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/composers/ipc-runtime-composer.test.ts
@@ -32,10 +32,8 @@ test('composeIpcRuntimeHandlers returns callable IPC handlers and registration b
        showMpvOsd: () => {},
      },
      mainDeps: {
-        getInvisibleWindow: () => null,
        getMainWindow: () => null,
        getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
-        getInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
        focusMainWindow: () => {},
        onOverlayModalClosed: () => {},
        openYomitanSettings: () => {},
@@ -44,7 +42,6 @@ test('composeIpcRuntimeHandlers returns callable IPC handlers and registration b
        tokenizeCurrentSubtitle: async () => null,
        getCurrentSubtitleRaw: () => '',
        getCurrentSubtitleAss: () => '',
-        getMpvSubtitleRenderMetrics: () => ({}) as never,
        getSubtitlePosition: () => ({}) as never,
        getSubtitleStyle: () => ({}) as never,
        saveSubtitlePosition: () => {},
@@ -56,7 +53,6 @@ test('composeIpcRuntimeHandlers returns callable IPC handlers and registration b
        getAnkiConnectStatus: () => false,
        getRuntimeOptions: () => [],
        reportOverlayContentBounds: () => {},
-        reportHoveredSubtitleToken: () => {},
        getAnilistStatus: () => ({}) as never,
        clearAnilistToken: () => {},
        openAnilistSetup: () => {},
--- a/src/main/runtime/composers/mpv-runtime-composer.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/composers/mpv-runtime-composer.test.ts
@@ -68,12 +68,14 @@ test('composeMpvRuntimeHandlers returns callable handlers and forwards to inject
      scheduleQuitCheck: () => {},
      quitApp: () => {},
      reportJellyfinRemoteStopped: () => {},
+      syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => {},
      maybeRunAnilistPostWatchUpdate: async () => {},
      logSubtitleTimingError: () => {},
      broadcastToOverlayWindows: () => {},
      onSubtitleChange: () => {},
      refreshDiscordPresence: () => {},
      updateCurrentMediaPath: () => {},
+      restoreMpvSubVisibilityForInvisibleOverlay: () => {},
      getCurrentAnilistMediaKey: () => null,
      resetAnilistMediaTracking: () => {},
      maybeProbeAnilistDuration: () => {},
--- a/src/main/runtime/composers/shortcuts-runtime-composer.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/composers/shortcuts-runtime-composer.test.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ test('composeShortcutRuntimes returns callable shortcut runtime handlers', () =>
        getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}) as never,
        registerGlobalShortcutsCore: () => {},
        toggleVisibleOverlay: () => {},
-        toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => {},
        openYomitanSettings: () => {},
        isDev: false,
        getMainWindow: () => null,
--- a/src/main/runtime/config-derived.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/config-derived.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import type { RuntimeOptionsManager } from '../../runtime-options';
 import type { JimakuApiResponse, JimakuLanguagePreference, ResolvedConfig } from '../../types';
 import {
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility as getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibilityCore,
  getJimakuLanguagePreference as getJimakuLanguagePreferenceCore,
  getJimakuMaxEntryResults as getJimakuMaxEntryResultsCore,
  isAutoUpdateEnabledRuntime as isAutoUpdateEnabledRuntimeCore,
@@ -14,14 +13,12 @@ import {
 export type ConfigDerivedRuntimeDeps = {
  getResolvedConfig: () => ResolvedConfig;
  getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => RuntimeOptionsManager | null;
-  platform: NodeJS.Platform;
  defaultJimakuLanguagePreference: JimakuLanguagePreference;
  defaultJimakuMaxEntryResults: number;
  defaultJimakuApiBaseUrl: string;
 };

 export function createConfigDerivedRuntime(deps: ConfigDerivedRuntimeDeps): {
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig: () => boolean;
  shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => boolean;
  isAutoUpdateEnabledRuntime: () => boolean;
@@ -34,8 +31,6 @@ export function createConfigDerivedRuntime(deps: ConfigDerivedRuntimeDeps): {
  ) => Promise<JimakuApiResponse<T>>;
 } {
  return {
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () =>
-      getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibilityCore(deps.getResolvedConfig(), deps.platform),
    shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig: () =>
      shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfigCore(deps.getResolvedConfig()),
    shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () =>
--- a/src/main/runtime/field-grouping-overlay-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/field-grouping-overlay-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ test('field grouping overlay main deps builder maps window visibility and resolv
      },
    }),
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`visible:${visible}`),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`invisible:${visible}`),
    getResolver: () => resolver,
    setResolver: (nextResolver) => {
      calls.push(`set-resolver:${nextResolver ? 'set' : 'null'}`);
@@ -31,17 +29,10 @@ test('field grouping overlay main deps builder maps window visibility and resolv

  assert.equal(deps.getMainWindow()?.isDestroyed(), false);
  assert.equal(deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(), true);
-  assert.equal(deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(), false);
  assert.equal(deps.getResolver(), resolver);
  assert.equal(deps.getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose(), modalSet);
  deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(true);
-  deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(false);
  deps.setResolver(null);
  assert.equal(deps.sendToVisibleOverlay('kiku:open', 1), true);
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
-    'visible:true',
-    'invisible:false',
-    'set-resolver:null',
-    'send:kiku:open:1',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['visible:true', 'set-resolver:null', 'send:kiku:open:1']);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/field-grouping-overlay-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/field-grouping-overlay-main-deps.ts
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ export function createBuildFieldGroupingOverlayMainDepsHandler<TModal extends st
  return (): BuiltFieldGroupingOverlayMainDeps<TModal> => ({
    getMainWindow: () => deps.getMainWindow(),
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
    getResolver: () => deps.getResolver(),
    setResolver: (resolver) => deps.setResolver(resolver),
    getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose: () => deps.getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose(),
--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ test('register global shortcuts main deps map callbacks and flags', () => {
    getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({ copySubtitle: 's' } as never),
    registerGlobalShortcutsCore: () => calls.push('register'),
    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-visible'),
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-invisible'),
    openYomitanSettings: () => calls.push('open-yomitan'),
    isDev: true,
    getMainWindow: () => mainWindow as never,
@@ -38,17 +37,15 @@ test('register global shortcuts main deps map callbacks and flags', () => {
  deps.registerGlobalShortcutsCore({
    shortcuts: deps.getConfiguredShortcuts(),
    onToggleVisibleOverlay: () => undefined,
-    onToggleInvisibleOverlay: () => undefined,
    onOpenYomitanSettings: () => undefined,
    isDev: deps.isDev,
    getMainWindow: deps.getMainWindow,
  });
  deps.onToggleVisibleOverlay();
-  deps.onToggleInvisibleOverlay();
  deps.onOpenYomitanSettings();
  assert.equal(deps.isDev, true);
  assert.deepEqual(deps.getMainWindow(), mainWindow);
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['register', 'toggle-visible', 'toggle-invisible', 'open-yomitan']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['register', 'toggle-visible', 'open-yomitan']);
 });

 test('refresh global shortcuts main deps map passthrough handlers', () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-main-deps.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ export function createBuildRegisterGlobalShortcutsMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  getConfiguredShortcuts: () => RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions['shortcuts'];
  registerGlobalShortcutsCore: (options: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions) => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  openYomitanSettings: () => void;
  isDev: boolean;
  getMainWindow: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions['getMainWindow'];
@@ -29,7 +28,6 @@ export function createBuildRegisterGlobalShortcutsMainDepsHandler(deps: {
    registerGlobalShortcutsCore: (options: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions) =>
      deps.registerGlobalShortcutsCore(options),
    onToggleVisibleOverlay: () => deps.toggleVisibleOverlay(),
-    onToggleInvisibleOverlay: () => deps.toggleInvisibleOverlay(),
    onOpenYomitanSettings: () => deps.openYomitanSettings(),
    isDev: deps.isDev,
    getMainWindow: deps.getMainWindow,
--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-runtime-handlers.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-runtime-handlers.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import { createGlobalShortcutsRuntimeHandlers } from './global-shortcuts-runtime
 function createShortcuts(): ConfiguredShortcuts {
  return {
    toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+O',
-    toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+I',
    copySubtitle: 's',
    copySubtitleMultiple: 'CommandOrControl+s',
    updateLastCardFromClipboard: 'c',
@@ -38,7 +37,6 @@ test('global shortcuts runtime handlers compose get/register/refresh flow', () =
        assert.equal(options.shortcuts, shortcuts);
      },
      toggleVisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-visible'),
-      toggleInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-invisible'),
      openYomitanSettings: () => calls.push('open-yomitan'),
      isDev: false,
      getMainWindow: () => null,
--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts.test.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import type { ConfiguredShortcuts } from '../../core/utils/shortcut-config';
 function createShortcuts(): ConfiguredShortcuts {
  return {
    toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+O',
-    toggleInvisibleOverlayGlobal: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+I',
    copySubtitle: 's',
    copySubtitleMultiple: 'CommandOrControl+s',
    updateLastCardFromClipboard: 'c',
@@ -58,18 +57,16 @@ test('register global shortcuts handler passes through callbacks and shortcuts',
      assert.equal(options.isDev, true);
      assert.equal(options.getMainWindow(), mainWindow);
      options.onToggleVisibleOverlay();
-      options.onToggleInvisibleOverlay();
      options.onOpenYomitanSettings();
    },
    onToggleVisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-visible'),
-    onToggleInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('toggle-invisible'),
    onOpenYomitanSettings: () => calls.push('open-yomitan'),
    isDev: true,
    getMainWindow: () => mainWindow,
  });

  registerGlobalShortcuts();
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['register', 'toggle-visible', 'toggle-invisible', 'open-yomitan']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['register', 'toggle-visible', 'open-yomitan']);
 });

 test('refresh global and overlay shortcuts unregisters then re-registers', () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ export function createRegisterGlobalShortcutsHandler(deps: {
  getConfiguredShortcuts: () => RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions['shortcuts'];
  registerGlobalShortcutsCore: (options: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions) => void;
  onToggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
-  onToggleInvisibleOverlay: () => void;
  onOpenYomitanSettings: () => void;
  isDev: boolean;
  getMainWindow: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions['getMainWindow'];
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ export function createRegisterGlobalShortcutsHandler(deps: {
    deps.registerGlobalShortcutsCore({
      shortcuts: deps.getConfiguredShortcuts(),
      onToggleVisibleOverlay: deps.onToggleVisibleOverlay,
-      onToggleInvisibleOverlay: deps.onToggleInvisibleOverlay,
      onOpenYomitanSettings: deps.onOpenYomitanSettings,
      isDev: deps.isDev,
      getMainWindow: deps.getMainWindow,
--- a/src/main/runtime/jellyfin-command-dispatch.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/jellyfin-command-dispatch.test.ts
@@ -24,9 +24,6 @@ function createArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    toggleOverlay: false,
    hideOverlay: false,
    showOverlay: false,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay: false,
-    hideInvisibleOverlay: false,
-    showInvisibleOverlay: false,
    copyCurrentSubtitle: false,
    multiCopy: false,
    mineSentence: false,
--- a/src/main/runtime/mpv-client-event-bindings.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/mpv-client-event-bindings.test.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ test('mpv connection handler reports stop and quits when disconnect guard passes
  const handler = createHandleMpvConnectionChangeHandler({
    reportJellyfinRemoteStopped: () => calls.push('report-stop'),
    refreshDiscordPresence: () => calls.push('presence-refresh'),
+    syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => calls.push('sync-overlay-mpv-sub'),
    hasInitialJellyfinPlayArg: () => true,
    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => false,
    isQuitOnDisconnectArmed: () => true,
@@ -26,6 +27,27 @@ test('mpv connection handler reports stop and quits when disconnect guard passes
  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['presence-refresh', 'report-stop', 'schedule', 'quit']);
 });

+test('mpv connection handler syncs overlay subtitle suppression on connect', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const handler = createHandleMpvConnectionChangeHandler({
+    reportJellyfinRemoteStopped: () => calls.push('report-stop'),
+    refreshDiscordPresence: () => calls.push('presence-refresh'),
+    syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => calls.push('sync-overlay-mpv-sub'),
+    hasInitialJellyfinPlayArg: () => true,
+    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => false,
+    isQuitOnDisconnectArmed: () => true,
+    scheduleQuitCheck: () => {
+      calls.push('schedule');
+    },
+    isMpvConnected: () => false,
+    quitApp: () => calls.push('quit'),
+  });
+
+  handler({ connected: true });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['presence-refresh', 'sync-overlay-mpv-sub']);
+});
+
 test('mpv subtitle timing handler ignores blank subtitle lines', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  const handler = createHandleMpvSubtitleTimingHandler({
--- a/src/main/runtime/mpv-client-event-bindings.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/mpv-client-event-bindings.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ type MpvEventClient = {
 export function createHandleMpvConnectionChangeHandler(deps: {
  reportJellyfinRemoteStopped: () => void;
  refreshDiscordPresence: () => void;
+  syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression: () => void;
  hasInitialJellyfinPlayArg: () => boolean;
  isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => boolean;
  isQuitOnDisconnectArmed: () => boolean;
@@ -27,7 +28,10 @@ export function createHandleMpvConnectionChangeHandler(deps: {
 }) {
  return ({ connected }: { connected: boolean }): void => {
    deps.refreshDiscordPresence();
-    if (connected) return;
+    if (connected) {
+      deps.syncOverlayMpvSubtitleSuppression();
+      return;
+    }
    deps.reportJellyfinRemoteStopped();
    if (!deps.hasInitialJellyfinPlayArg()) return;
    if (deps.isOverlayRuntimeInitialized()) return;
--- a/src/main/runtime/mpv-hover-highlight.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/mpv-hover-highlight.test.ts
@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import test from 'node:test';
-
-import { PartOfSpeech, type SubtitleData } from '../../types';
-import {
-  HOVER_TOKEN_MESSAGE,
-  HOVER_SCRIPT_NAME,
-  buildHoveredTokenMessageCommand,
-  buildHoveredTokenPayload,
-  createApplyHoveredTokenOverlayHandler,
-} from './mpv-hover-highlight';
-
-const SUBTITLE: SubtitleData = {
-  text: '昨日は雨だった。',
-  tokens: [
-    {
-      surface: '昨日',
-      reading: 'きのう',
-      headword: '昨日',
-      startPos: 0,
-      endPos: 2,
-      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.noun,
-      isMerged: false,
-      isKnown: false,
-      isNPlusOneTarget: false,
-    },
-    {
-      surface: 'は',
-      reading: 'は',
-      headword: 'は',
-      startPos: 2,
-      endPos: 3,
-      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.particle,
-      isMerged: false,
-      isKnown: true,
-      isNPlusOneTarget: false,
-    },
-    {
-      surface: '雨',
-      reading: 'あめ',
-      headword: '雨',
-      startPos: 3,
-      endPos: 4,
-      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.noun,
-      isMerged: false,
-      isKnown: false,
-      isNPlusOneTarget: true,
-    },
-    {
-      surface: 'だった。',
-      reading: 'だった。',
-      headword: 'だ',
-      startPos: 4,
-      endPos: 8,
-      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.other,
-      isMerged: false,
-      isKnown: false,
-      isNPlusOneTarget: false,
-    },
-  ],
-};
-
-test('buildHoveredTokenPayload normalizes metadata and strips empty tokens', () => {
-  const payload = buildHoveredTokenPayload({
-    subtitle: SUBTITLE,
-    hoveredTokenIndex: 2,
-    revision: 5,
-  });
-
-  assert.equal(payload.revision, 5);
-  assert.equal(payload.subtitle, '昨日は雨だった。');
-  assert.equal(payload.hoveredTokenIndex, 2);
-  assert.equal(payload.tokens.length, 4);
-  assert.equal(payload.tokens[0]?.text, '昨日');
-  assert.equal(payload.tokens[0]?.index, 0);
-  assert.equal(payload.tokens[1]?.index, 1);
-  assert.equal(payload.colors.hover, 'C6A0F6');
-});
-
-test('buildHoveredTokenPayload normalizes hover color override', () => {
-  const payload = buildHoveredTokenPayload({
-    subtitle: SUBTITLE,
-    hoveredTokenIndex: 1,
-    revision: 7,
-    hoverColor: '#c6a0f6',
-  });
-
-  assert.equal(payload.colors.hover, 'C6A0F6');
-});
-
-test('buildHoveredTokenMessageCommand sends script-message-to subminer payload', () => {
-  const payload = buildHoveredTokenPayload({
-    subtitle: SUBTITLE,
-    hoveredTokenIndex: 0,
-    revision: 1,
-  });
-
-  const command = buildHoveredTokenMessageCommand(payload);
-
-  assert.equal(command[0], 'script-message-to');
-  assert.equal(command[1], HOVER_SCRIPT_NAME);
-  assert.equal(command[2], HOVER_TOKEN_MESSAGE);
-
-  const raw = command[3] as string;
-  const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
-  assert.equal(parsed.revision, 1);
-  assert.equal(parsed.hoveredTokenIndex, 0);
-  assert.equal(parsed.subtitle, '昨日は雨だった。');
-  assert.equal(parsed.tokens.length, 4);
-});
-
-test('createApplyHoveredTokenOverlayHandler sends clear payload when hovered token is missing', () => {
-  const commands: Array<(string | number)[]> = [];
-  const apply = createApplyHoveredTokenOverlayHandler({
-    getMpvClient: () => ({
-      connected: true,
-      send: ({ command }: { command: (string | number)[] }) => {
-        commands.push(command);
-        return true;
-      },
-    }),
-    getCurrentSubtitleData: () => SUBTITLE,
-    getHoveredTokenIndex: () => null,
-    getHoveredSubtitleRevision: () => 3,
-    getHoverTokenColor: () => null,
-  });
-
-  apply();
-
-  const parsed = JSON.parse(commands[0]?.[3] as string);
-  assert.equal(parsed.hoveredTokenIndex, null);
-  assert.equal(parsed.subtitle, null);
-  assert.equal(parsed.tokens.length, 0);
-});
-
-test('createApplyHoveredTokenOverlayHandler sends highlight payload when hover is active', () => {
-  const commands: Array<(string | number)[]> = [];
-  const apply = createApplyHoveredTokenOverlayHandler({
-    getMpvClient: () => ({
-      connected: true,
-      send: ({ command }: { command: (string | number)[] }) => {
-        commands.push(command);
-        return true;
-      },
-    }),
-    getCurrentSubtitleData: () => SUBTITLE,
-    getHoveredTokenIndex: () => 0,
-    getHoveredSubtitleRevision: () => 3,
-    getHoverTokenColor: () => '#c6a0f6',
-  });
-
-  apply();
-
-  const parsed = JSON.parse(commands[0]?.[3] as string);
-  assert.equal(parsed.hoveredTokenIndex, 0);
-  assert.equal(parsed.subtitle, '昨日は雨だった。');
-  assert.equal(parsed.tokens.length, 4);
-  assert.equal(parsed.colors.hover, 'C6A0F6');
-  assert.equal(commands[0]?.[0], 'script-message-to');
-  assert.equal(commands[0]?.[1], HOVER_SCRIPT_NAME);
-});
--- a/src/main/runtime/mpv-hover-highlight.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/mpv-hover-highlight.ts
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-import type { SubtitleData } from '../../types';
-
-export const HOVER_SCRIPT_NAME = 'subminer';
-export const HOVER_TOKEN_MESSAGE = 'subminer-hover-token';
-
-const DEFAULT_HOVER_TOKEN_COLOR = 'C6A0F6';
-const DEFAULT_TOKEN_COLOR = 'FFFFFF';
-
-export type HoverPayloadToken = {
-  text: string;
-  index: number;
-  startPos: number | null;
-  endPos: number | null;
-};
-
-export type HoverTokenPayload = {
-  revision: number;
-  subtitle: string | null;
-  hoveredTokenIndex: number | null;
-  tokens: HoverPayloadToken[];
-  colors: {
-    base: string;
-    hover: string;
-  };
-};
-
-type HoverTokenInput = {
-  subtitle: SubtitleData | null;
-  hoveredTokenIndex: number | null;
-  revision: number;
-  hoverColor?: string | null;
-};
-
-function normalizeHexColor(color: string | null | undefined, fallback: string): string {
-  if (typeof color !== 'string') {
-    return fallback;
-  }
-  const normalized = color.trim().replace(/^#/, '').toUpperCase();
-  return /^[0-9A-F]{6}$/.test(normalized) ? normalized : fallback;
-}
-
-function sanitizeSubtitleText(text: string): string {
-  return text
-    .replace(/\\N/g, '\n')
-    .replace(/\\n/g, '\n')
-    .replace(/\{[^}]*\}/g, '')
-    .trim();
-}
-
-function sanitizeTokenSurface(surface: unknown): string {
-  return typeof surface === 'string' ? surface : '';
-}
-
-function hasHoveredToken(subtitle: SubtitleData | null, hoveredTokenIndex: number | null): boolean {
-  if (!subtitle || hoveredTokenIndex === null || hoveredTokenIndex < 0) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  return subtitle.tokens?.some((token, index) => index === hoveredTokenIndex) ?? false;
-}
-
-export function buildHoveredTokenPayload(input: HoverTokenInput): HoverTokenPayload {
-  const { subtitle, hoveredTokenIndex, revision, hoverColor } = input;
-
-  const tokens: HoverPayloadToken[] = [];
-
-  if (subtitle?.tokens && subtitle.tokens.length > 0) {
-    for (let tokenIndex = 0; tokenIndex < subtitle.tokens.length; tokenIndex += 1) {
-      const token = subtitle.tokens[tokenIndex];
-      if (!token) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      const surface = sanitizeTokenSurface(token?.surface);
-      if (!surface || surface.trim().length === 0) {
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      tokens.push({
-        text: surface,
-        index: tokenIndex,
-        startPos: Number.isFinite(token.startPos) ? token.startPos : null,
-        endPos: Number.isFinite(token.endPos) ? token.endPos : null,
-      });
-    }
-  }
-
-  return {
-    revision,
-    subtitle: subtitle ? sanitizeSubtitleText(subtitle.text) : null,
-    hoveredTokenIndex:
-      hoveredTokenIndex !== null && hoveredTokenIndex >= 0 ? hoveredTokenIndex : null,
-    tokens,
-    colors: {
-      base: DEFAULT_TOKEN_COLOR,
-      hover: normalizeHexColor(hoverColor, DEFAULT_HOVER_TOKEN_COLOR),
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-export function buildHoveredTokenMessageCommand(payload: HoverTokenPayload): (string | number)[] {
-  return [
-    'script-message-to',
-    HOVER_SCRIPT_NAME,
-    HOVER_TOKEN_MESSAGE,
-    JSON.stringify(payload),
-  ];
-}
-
-export function createApplyHoveredTokenOverlayHandler(deps: {
-  getMpvClient: () => {
-    connected: boolean;
-    send: (payload: { command: (string | number)[] }) => boolean;
-  } | null;
-  getCurrentSubtitleData: () => SubtitleData | null;
-  getHoveredTokenIndex: () => number | null;
-  getHoveredSubtitleRevision: () => number;
-  getHoverTokenColor: () => string | null;
-}) {
-  return (): void => {
-    const mpvClient = deps.getMpvClient();
-    if (!mpvClient || !mpvClient.connected) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const subtitle = deps.getCurrentSubtitleData();
-    const hoveredTokenIndex = deps.getHoveredTokenIndex();
-    const revision = deps.getHoveredSubtitleRevision();
-    const hoverColor = deps.getHoverTokenColor();
-    const payload = buildHoveredTokenPayload({
-      subtitle: subtitle && hasHoveredToken(subtitle, hoveredTokenIndex) ? subtitle : null,
-      hoveredTokenIndex: hoveredTokenIndex,
-      revision,
-      hoverColor,
-    });
-
-    mpvClient.send({ command: buildHoveredTokenMessageCommand(payload) });
-  };
-}
--- a/src/main/runtime/mpv-main-event-actions.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/mpv-main-event-actions.test.ts
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ test('media path change handler reports stop for empty path and probes media key
  const handler = createHandleMpvMediaPathChangeHandler({
    updateCurrentMediaPath: (path) => calls.push(`path:${path}`),
    reportJellyfinRemoteStopped: () => calls.push('stopped'),
+    restoreMpvSubVisibilityForInvisibleOverlay: () => calls.push('restore-mpv-sub'),
    getCurrentAnilistMediaKey: () => 'show:1',
    resetAnilistMediaTracking: (mediaKey) => calls.push(`reset:${String(mediaKey)}`),
    maybeProbeAnilistDuration: (mediaKey) => calls.push(`probe:${mediaKey}`),
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ test('media path change handler reports stop for empty path and probes media key
  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
    'path:',
    'stopped',
+    'restore-mpv-sub',
    'reset:show:1',
    'probe:show:1',
    'guess:show:1',
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-bootstrap-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-bootstrap-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -19,12 +19,10 @@ test('overlay content measurement store main deps builder maps callbacks', () =>

 test('overlay modal runtime main deps builder maps window resolvers', () => {
  const mainWindow = { id: 'main' };
-  const invisibleWindow = { id: 'invisible' };
  const modalWindow = { id: 'modal' };
  const calls: string[] = [];
  const deps = createBuildOverlayModalRuntimeMainDepsHandler({
    getMainWindow: () => mainWindow as never,
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => invisibleWindow as never,
    getModalWindow: () => modalWindow as never,
    createModalWindow: () => modalWindow as never,
    getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 1, y: 2, width: 3, height: 4 }),
@@ -33,7 +31,6 @@ test('overlay modal runtime main deps builder maps window resolvers', () => {
  })();

  assert.equal(deps.getMainWindow(), mainWindow);
-  assert.equal(deps.getInvisibleWindow(), invisibleWindow);
  assert.equal(deps.getModalWindow(), modalWindow);
  assert.equal(deps.createModalWindow(), modalWindow);
  assert.deepEqual(deps.getModalGeometry(), { x: 1, y: 2, width: 3, height: 4 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-bootstrap-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-bootstrap-main-deps.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ export function createBuildOverlayModalRuntimeMainDepsHandler(
 ) {
  return (): OverlayWindowResolver => ({
    getMainWindow: () => deps.getMainWindow(),
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => deps.getInvisibleWindow(),
    getModalWindow: () => deps.getModalWindow(),
    createModalWindow: () => deps.createModalWindow(),
    getModalGeometry: () => deps.getModalGeometry(),
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap-handlers.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap-handlers.test.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap handlers compose options builder and bootstrap h
    ankiIntegration: null as unknown,
  };
  let initialized = false;
-  let invisibleOverlayVisible = false;
  let warmupsStarted = 0;

  const { initializeOverlayRuntime } = createOverlayRuntimeBootstrapHandlers({
@@ -23,21 +22,16 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap handlers compose options builder and bootstrap h
      appState,
      overlayManager: {
        getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-        getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
      },
      overlayVisibilityRuntime: {
        updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-        updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
      },
      overlayShortcutsRuntime: {
        syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {},
      },
-      getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => false,
      createMainWindow: () => {},
-      createInvisibleWindow: () => {},
      registerGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
      updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {},
-      updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: () => {},
      getOverlayWindows: () => [],
      getResolvedConfig: () => ({}),
      showDesktopNotification: () => {},
@@ -52,10 +46,7 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap handlers compose options builder and bootstrap h
    },
    initializeOverlayRuntimeBootstrapDeps: {
      isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => initialized,
-      initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: () => ({ invisibleOverlayVisible: true }),
-      setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => {
-        invisibleOverlayVisible = visible;
-      },
+      initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: () => {},
      setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: (next) => {
        initialized = next;
      },
@@ -68,7 +59,6 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap handlers compose options builder and bootstrap h
  initializeOverlayRuntime();
  initializeOverlayRuntime();

-  assert.equal(invisibleOverlayVisible, true);
  assert.equal(initialized, true);
  assert.equal(warmupsStarted, 1);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap.test.ts
@@ -8,10 +8,8 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap no-ops when already initialized', () => {
    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => true,
    initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: () => {
      coreCalls += 1;
-      return { invisibleOverlayVisible: false };
    },
    buildOptions: () => ({} as never),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => {},
    setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => {},
    startBackgroundWarmups: () => {},
  });
@@ -27,15 +25,11 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap runs core init and applies post-init state', ()
    isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => initialized,
    initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: () => {
      calls.push('core');
-      return { invisibleOverlayVisible: true };
    },
    buildOptions: () => {
      calls.push('options');
      return {} as never;
    },
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => {
-      calls.push(`invisible:${visible ? 'yes' : 'no'}`);
-    },
    setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: (value) => {
      initialized = value;
      calls.push(`initialized:${value ? 'yes' : 'no'}`);
@@ -47,5 +41,5 @@ test('overlay runtime bootstrap runs core init and applies post-init state', ()

  initialize();
  assert.equal(initialized, true);
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['options', 'core', 'invisible:yes', 'initialized:yes', 'warmups']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['options', 'core', 'initialized:yes', 'warmups']);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap.ts
@@ -9,16 +9,11 @@ import type {

 type InitializeOverlayRuntimeCore = (options: {
  backendOverride: string | null;
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  createMainWindow: () => void;
-  createInvisibleWindow: () => void;
  registerGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  isInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -35,20 +30,18 @@ type InitializeOverlayRuntimeCore = (options: {
    data: KikuFieldGroupingRequestData,
  ) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice>;
  getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => string;
-}) => { invisibleOverlayVisible: boolean };
+}) => void;

 export function createInitializeOverlayRuntimeHandler(deps: {
  isOverlayRuntimeInitialized: () => boolean;
  initializeOverlayRuntimeCore: InitializeOverlayRuntimeCore;
  buildOptions: () => Parameters<InitializeOverlayRuntimeCore>[0];
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
  setOverlayRuntimeInitialized: (initialized: boolean) => void;
  startBackgroundWarmups: () => void;
 }) {
  return (): void => {
    if (deps.isOverlayRuntimeInitialized()) return;
-    const result = deps.initializeOverlayRuntimeCore(deps.buildOptions());
-    deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(result.invisibleOverlayVisible);
+    deps.initializeOverlayRuntimeCore(deps.buildOptions());
    deps.setOverlayRuntimeInitialized(true);
    deps.startBackgroundWarmups();
  };
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -57,14 +57,12 @@ test('set overlay debug visualization main deps builder maps callbacks', () => {
    setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime: () => calls.push('set-runtime'),
    getCurrentEnabled: () => false,
    setCurrentEnabled: () => calls.push('set-current'),
-    broadcastToOverlayWindows: () => calls.push('broadcast'),
  })();

-  deps.setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime(false, true, () => {}, () => {});
+  deps.setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime(false, true, () => {});
  assert.equal(deps.getCurrentEnabled(), false);
  deps.setCurrentEnabled(true);
-  deps.broadcastToOverlayWindows('overlay:debug');
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['set-runtime', 'set-current', 'broadcast']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['set-runtime', 'set-current']);
 });

 test('open runtime options palette main deps builder maps callbacks', () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions-main-deps.ts
@@ -65,18 +65,14 @@ export function createBuildSetOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledMainDepsHandler(
      currentEnabled,
      nextEnabled,
      setCurrentEnabled,
-      broadcastToOverlayWindows,
    ) =>
      deps.setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime(
        currentEnabled,
        nextEnabled,
        setCurrentEnabled,
-        broadcastToOverlayWindows,
      ),
    getCurrentEnabled: () => deps.getCurrentEnabled(),
    setCurrentEnabled: (enabled: boolean) => deps.setCurrentEnabled(enabled),
-    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel: string, ...args: unknown[]) =>
-      deps.broadcastToOverlayWindows(channel, ...args),
  });
 }

--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions.test.ts
@@ -104,22 +104,21 @@ test('set overlay debug visualization enabled delegates with current state and b
  const calls: string[] = [];
  let current = false;
  const setEnabled = createSetOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledHandler({
-    setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime: (curr, next, setCurrent, broadcast) => {
+    setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime: (curr, next, setCurrent) => {
      calls.push(`runtime:${curr}->${next}`);
      setCurrent(next);
-      broadcast('overlay-debug:set', next);
+      // no renderer-level side effects for this legacy debug path.
    },
    getCurrentEnabled: () => current,
    setCurrentEnabled: (enabled) => {
      current = enabled;
      calls.push(`set:${enabled}`);
    },
-    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel, value) => calls.push(`emit:${channel}:${value}`),
  });

  setEnabled(true);
  assert.equal(current, true);
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['runtime:false->true', 'set:true', 'emit:overlay-debug:set:true']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['runtime:false->true', 'set:true']);
 });

 test('open runtime options palette handler delegates to runtime', () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-main-actions.ts
@@ -65,18 +65,15 @@ export function createSetOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledHandler(deps: {
    currentEnabled: boolean,
    nextEnabled: boolean,
    setCurrentEnabled: (enabled: boolean) => void,
-    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel: string, ...args: unknown[]) => void,
  ) => void;
  getCurrentEnabled: () => boolean;
  setCurrentEnabled: (enabled: boolean) => void;
-  broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel: string, ...args: unknown[]) => void;
 }) {
  return (enabled: boolean): void => {
    deps.setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabledRuntime(
      deps.getCurrentEnabled(),
      enabled,
      (next) => deps.setCurrentEnabled(next),
-      (channel, ...args) => deps.broadcastToOverlayWindows(channel, ...args),
    );
  };
 }
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -19,21 +19,16 @@ test('overlay runtime main deps builder maps runtime state and callbacks', () =>
    appState,
    overlayManager: {
      getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-      getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    },
    overlayVisibilityRuntime: {
      updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-visible'),
-      updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-invisible'),
    },
    overlayShortcutsRuntime: {
      syncOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('sync-shortcuts'),
    },
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => true,
    createMainWindow: () => calls.push('create-main'),
-    createInvisibleWindow: () => calls.push('create-invisible'),
    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => calls.push('register-shortcuts'),
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('visible-bounds'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('invisible-bounds'),
    getOverlayWindows: () => [],
    getResolvedConfig: () => ({}),
    showDesktopNotification: () => calls.push('notify'),
@@ -48,19 +43,14 @@ test('overlay runtime main deps builder maps runtime state and callbacks', () =>

  const deps = build();
  assert.equal(deps.getBackendOverride(), 'x11');
-  assert.equal(deps.getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(), true);
  assert.equal(deps.isVisibleOverlayVisible(), true);
-  assert.equal(deps.isInvisibleOverlayVisible(), false);
  assert.equal(deps.getMpvSocketPath(), '/tmp/mpv.sock');
  assert.equal(deps.getKnownWordCacheStatePath(), '/tmp/known-words-cache.json');

  deps.createMainWindow();
-  deps.createInvisibleWindow();
  deps.registerGlobalShortcuts();
  deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
-  deps.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
  deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
  deps.syncOverlayShortcuts();
  deps.showDesktopNotification('title', {});

@@ -73,12 +63,9 @@ test('overlay runtime main deps builder maps runtime state and callbacks', () =>

  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
    'create-main',
-    'create-invisible',
    'register-shortcuts',
    'visible-bounds',
-    'invisible-bounds',
    'update-visible',
-    'update-invisible',
    'sync-shortcuts',
    'notify',
  ]);
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.ts
@@ -17,18 +17,14 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  };
  overlayManager: {
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  };
  overlayVisibilityRuntime: {
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
  };
  overlayShortcutsRuntime: {
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  };
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  createMainWindow: () => void;
-  createInvisibleWindow: () => void;
  registerGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: {
    x: number;
@@ -36,12 +32,6 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
    width: number;
    height: number;
  }) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: {
-    x: number;
-    y: number;
-    width: number;
-    height: number;
-  }) => void;
  getOverlayWindows: OverlayRuntimeOptionsMainDeps['getOverlayWindows'];
  getResolvedConfig: () => { ankiConnect?: AnkiConnectConfig };
  showDesktopNotification: (title: string, options: { body?: string; icon?: string }) => void;
@@ -50,9 +40,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
 }) {
  return (): OverlayRuntimeOptionsMainDeps => ({
    getBackendOverride: () => deps.appState.backendOverride,
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => deps.getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(),
    createMainWindow: () => deps.createMainWindow(),
-    createInvisibleWindow: () => deps.createInvisibleWindow(),
    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => deps.registerGlobalShortcuts(),
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: {
      x: number;
@@ -60,18 +48,9 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
      width: number;
      height: number;
    }) => deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: {
-      x: number;
-      y: number;
-      width: number;
-      height: number;
-    }) => deps.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.overlayManager.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-    isInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.overlayManager.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () =>
      deps.overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () =>
-      deps.overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility(),
    getOverlayWindows: () => deps.getOverlayWindows(),
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => deps.overlayShortcutsRuntime.syncOverlayShortcuts(),
    setWindowTracker: (tracker) => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.test.ts
@@ -6,16 +6,11 @@ test('build initialize overlay runtime options maps dependencies', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  const buildOptions = createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler({
    getBackendOverride: () => 'x11',
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => true,
    createMainWindow: () => calls.push('create-main'),
-    createInvisibleWindow: () => calls.push('create-invisible'),
    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => calls.push('register-shortcuts'),
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('update-visible-bounds'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('update-invisible-bounds'),
    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-    isInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-visible'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-invisible'),
    getOverlayWindows: () => [],
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('sync-shortcuts'),
    setWindowTracker: () => calls.push('set-tracker'),
@@ -37,18 +32,13 @@ test('build initialize overlay runtime options maps dependencies', () => {

  const options = buildOptions();
  assert.equal(options.backendOverride, 'x11');
-  assert.equal(options.getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility(), true);
  assert.equal(options.isVisibleOverlayVisible(), true);
-  assert.equal(options.isInvisibleOverlayVisible(), false);
  assert.equal(options.getMpvSocketPath(), '/tmp/mpv.sock');
  assert.equal(options.getKnownWordCacheStatePath(), '/tmp/known-words-cache.json');
  options.createMainWindow();
-  options.createInvisibleWindow();
  options.registerGlobalShortcuts();
  options.updateVisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
-  options.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
  options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
  options.syncOverlayShortcuts();
  options.setWindowTracker(null);
  options.setAnkiIntegration(null);
@@ -56,12 +46,9 @@ test('build initialize overlay runtime options maps dependencies', () => {

  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
    'create-main',
-    'create-invisible',
    'register-shortcuts',
    'update-visible-bounds',
-    'update-invisible-bounds',
    'update-visible',
-    'update-invisible',
    'sync-shortcuts',
    'set-tracker',
    'set-anki',
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.ts
@@ -9,16 +9,11 @@ import type { BaseWindowTracker } from '../../window-trackers';

 type OverlayRuntimeOptions = {
  backendOverride: string | null;
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  createMainWindow: () => void;
-  createInvisibleWindow: () => void;
  registerGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  isInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -39,16 +34,11 @@ type OverlayRuntimeOptions = {

 export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
  getBackendOverride: () => string | null;
-  getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
  createMainWindow: () => void;
-  createInvisibleWindow: () => void;
  registerGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  isInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -68,16 +58,11 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
 }) {
  return (): OverlayRuntimeOptions => ({
    backendOverride: deps.getBackendOverride(),
-    getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.getInitialInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
    createMainWindow: deps.createMainWindow,
-    createInvisibleWindow: deps.createInvisibleWindow,
    registerGlobalShortcuts: deps.registerGlobalShortcuts,
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds,
-    updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: deps.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds,
    isVisibleOverlayVisible: deps.isVisibleOverlayVisible,
-    isInvisibleOverlayVisible: deps.isInvisibleOverlayVisible,
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility,
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
    getOverlayWindows: deps.getOverlayWindows,
    syncOverlayShortcuts: deps.syncOverlayShortcuts,
    setWindowTracker: deps.setWindowTracker,
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
 import {
-  createBuildSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler,
  createBuildSetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler,
-  createBuildToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler,
  createBuildToggleVisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler,
 } from './overlay-visibility-actions-main-deps';

@@ -14,45 +12,14 @@ test('overlay visibility action main deps builders map callbacks', () => {
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleCore: () => calls.push('visible-core'),
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible) => calls.push(`visible-state:${visible}`),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-visible'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-invisible'),
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => calls.push('sync'),
-    shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => true,
-    isMpvConnected: () => true,
-    setMpvSubVisibility: (visible) => calls.push(`mpv:${visible}`),
  })();
  setVisible.setVisibleOverlayVisibleCore({
    visible: true,
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: () => {},
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => {},
-    shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => true,
-    isMpvConnected: () => true,
-    setMpvSubVisibility: () => {},
  });
  setVisible.setVisibleOverlayVisibleState(true);
  setVisible.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  setVisible.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  setVisible.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
-  assert.equal(setVisible.shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility(), true);
-  assert.equal(setVisible.isMpvConnected(), true);
-  setVisible.setMpvSubVisibility(false);
-
-  const setInvisible = createBuildSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler({
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore: () => calls.push('invisible-core'),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible) => calls.push(`invisible-state:${visible}`),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-only-invisible'),
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => calls.push('sync-only'),
-  })();
-  setInvisible.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore({
-    visible: false,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: () => {},
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => {},
-  });
-  setInvisible.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState(false);
-  setInvisible.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-  setInvisible.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();

  const toggleVisible = createBuildToggleVisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler({
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
@@ -61,25 +28,10 @@ test('overlay visibility action main deps builders map callbacks', () => {
  assert.equal(toggleVisible.getVisibleOverlayVisible(), false);
  toggleVisible.setVisibleOverlayVisible(true);

-  const toggleInvisible = createBuildToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler({
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => calls.push(`toggle-invisible:${visible}`),
-  })();
-  assert.equal(toggleInvisible.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(), true);
-  toggleInvisible.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(false);
-
  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
    'visible-core',
    'visible-state:true',
    'update-visible',
-    'update-invisible',
-    'sync',
-    'mpv:false',
-    'invisible-core',
-    'invisible-state:false',
-    'update-only-invisible',
-    'sync-only',
    'toggle-visible:true',
-    'toggle-invisible:false',
  ]);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions-main-deps.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
 import type {
-  createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler,
  createSetVisibleOverlayVisibleHandler,
-  createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler,
  createToggleVisibleOverlayHandler,
 } from './overlay-visibility-actions';

 type SetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createSetVisibleOverlayVisibleHandler>[0];
-type SetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler>[0];
 type ToggleVisibleOverlayMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createToggleVisibleOverlayHandler>[0];
-type ToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler>[0];

 export function createBuildSetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler(
  deps: SetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps,
@@ -17,22 +13,6 @@ export function createBuildSetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler(
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleCore: (options) => deps.setVisibleOverlayVisibleCore(options),
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => deps.setVisibleOverlayVisibleState(visible),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility(),
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => deps.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough(),
-    shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => deps.shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility(),
-    isMpvConnected: () => deps.isMpvConnected(),
-    setMpvSubVisibility: (visible: boolean) => deps.setMpvSubVisibility(visible),
-  });
-}
-
-export function createBuildSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler(
-  deps: SetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps,
-) {
-  return (): SetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps => ({
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore: (options) => deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore(options),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState(visible),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility(),
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => deps.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough(),
  });
 }

@@ -42,12 +22,3 @@ export function createBuildToggleVisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler(deps: ToggleVisib
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
  });
 }
-
-export function createBuildToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler(
-  deps: ToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDeps,
-) {
-  return (): ToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDeps => ({
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
-  });
-}
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import {
-  createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler,
  createSetVisibleOverlayVisibleHandler,
-  createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler,
  createToggleVisibleOverlayHandler,
 } from './overlay-visibility-actions';

@@ -14,17 +12,9 @@ test('set visible overlay handler forwards dependencies to core', () => {
      calls.push(`core:${options.visible}`);
      options.setVisibleOverlayVisibleState(options.visible);
      options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-      options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-      options.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
-      options.setMpvSubVisibility(!options.visible);
    },
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible) => calls.push(`state:${visible}`),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-visible'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-invisible'),
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => calls.push('sync-mouse'),
-    shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => true,
-    isMpvConnected: () => true,
-    setMpvSubVisibility: (visible) => calls.push(`mpv-sub:${visible}`),
  });

  setVisible(true);
@@ -32,30 +22,9 @@ test('set visible overlay handler forwards dependencies to core', () => {
    'core:true',
    'state:true',
    'update-visible',
-    'update-invisible',
-    'sync-mouse',
-    'mpv-sub:false',
  ]);
 });

-test('set invisible overlay handler forwards dependencies to core', () => {
-  const calls: string[] = [];
-  const setInvisible = createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler({
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore: (options) => {
-      calls.push(`core:${options.visible}`);
-      options.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState(options.visible);
-      options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-      options.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
-    },
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible) => calls.push(`state:${visible}`),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-invisible'),
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => calls.push('sync-mouse'),
-  });
-
-  setInvisible(false);
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['core:false', 'state:false', 'update-invisible', 'sync-mouse']);
-});
-
 test('toggle visible overlay flips current visible state', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  let current = false;
@@ -71,19 +40,3 @@ test('toggle visible overlay flips current visible state', () => {
  toggle();
  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['set:true', 'set:false']);
 });
-
-test('toggle invisible overlay flips current invisible state', () => {
-  const calls: string[] = [];
-  let current = true;
-  const toggle = createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler({
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => current,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => {
-      current = visible;
-      calls.push(`set:${visible}`);
-    },
-  });
-
-  toggle();
-  toggle();
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['set:false', 'set:true']);
-});
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-actions.ts
@@ -3,52 +3,15 @@ export function createSetVisibleOverlayVisibleHandler(deps: {
    visible: boolean;
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => void;
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
-    shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => boolean;
-    isMpvConnected: () => boolean;
-    setMpvSubVisibility: (visible: boolean) => void;
  }) => void;
  setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
-  shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => boolean;
-  isMpvConnected: () => boolean;
-  setMpvSubVisibility: (visible: boolean) => void;
 }) {
  return (visible: boolean): void => {
    deps.setVisibleOverlayVisibleCore({
      visible,
      setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: deps.setVisibleOverlayVisibleState,
      updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility,
-      updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
-      syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: deps.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough,
-      shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility:
-        deps.shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility,
-      isMpvConnected: deps.isMpvConnected,
-      setMpvSubVisibility: deps.setMpvSubVisibility,
-    });
-  };
-}
-
-export function createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler(deps: {
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore: (options: {
-    visible: boolean;
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => void;
-    updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-    syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
-  }) => void;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (visible: boolean) => void;
-  updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
-  syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => void;
-}) {
-  return (visible: boolean): void => {
-    deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore({
-      visible,
-      setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState,
-      updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility,
-      syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: deps.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough,
    });
  };
 }
@@ -61,12 +24,3 @@ export function createToggleVisibleOverlayHandler(deps: {
    deps.setVisibleOverlayVisible(!deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible());
  };
 }
-
-export function createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler(deps: {
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible: boolean) => void;
-}) {
-  return (): void => {
-    deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(!deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible());
-  };
-}
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -8,14 +8,11 @@ test('overlay visibility runtime main deps builder maps state and geometry callb
  const calls: string[] = [];
  let trackerNotReadyWarningShown = false;
  const mainWindow = { id: 'main' } as never;
-  const invisibleWindow = { id: 'invisible' } as never;
  const tracker = { id: 'tracker' } as unknown as BaseWindowTracker;

  const deps = createBuildOverlayVisibilityRuntimeMainDepsHandler({
    getMainWindow: () => mainWindow,
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => invisibleWindow,
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    getWindowTracker: () => tracker,
    getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => trackerNotReadyWarningShown,
    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown) => {
@@ -23,30 +20,35 @@ test('overlay visibility runtime main deps builder maps state and geometry callb
      calls.push(`tracker-warning:${shown}`);
    },
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('visible-bounds'),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('invisible-bounds'),
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => calls.push('ensure-level'),
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer) => calls.push(`primary-layer:${layer}`),
    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => calls.push('enforce-order'),
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('sync-shortcuts'),
+    isMacOSPlatform: () => true,
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: () => calls.push('overlay-loading-osd'),
+    resolveFallbackBounds: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 20, height: 20 }),
  })();

  assert.equal(deps.getMainWindow(), mainWindow);
-  assert.equal(deps.getInvisibleWindow(), invisibleWindow);
  assert.equal(deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(), true);
-  assert.equal(deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(), false);
  assert.equal(deps.getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(), false);
  deps.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(true);
  deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
-  deps.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
  deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(mainWindow);
+  deps.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
  deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrder();
  deps.syncOverlayShortcuts();
+  assert.equal(deps.isMacOSPlatform(), true);
+  deps.showOverlayLoadingOsd('Overlay loading...');
+  assert.deepEqual(deps.resolveFallbackBounds(), { x: 0, y: 0, width: 20, height: 20 });
  assert.equal(trackerNotReadyWarningShown, true);
  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
    'tracker-warning:true',
    'visible-bounds',
-    'invisible-bounds',
    'ensure-level',
+    'primary-layer:visible',
    'enforce-order',
    'sync-shortcuts',
+    'overlay-loading-osd',
  ]);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime-main-deps.ts
@@ -7,18 +7,19 @@ export function createBuildOverlayVisibilityRuntimeMainDepsHandler(
 ) {
  return (): OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDeps => ({
    getMainWindow: () => deps.getMainWindow(),
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => deps.getInvisibleWindow(),
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
    getWindowTracker: () => deps.getWindowTracker(),
    getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => deps.getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(),
    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => deps.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(shown),
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) =>
      deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
-    updateInvisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) =>
-      deps.updateInvisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window),
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') =>
+      deps.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer(layer),
    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrder(),
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => deps.syncOverlayShortcuts(),
+    isMacOSPlatform: () => deps.isMacOSPlatform(),
+    showOverlayLoadingOsd: (message: string) => deps.showOverlayLoadingOsd(message),
+    resolveFallbackBounds: () => deps.resolveFallbackBounds(),
  });
 }
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime.test.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@ import { createOverlayVisibilityRuntime } from './overlay-visibility-runtime';

 test('overlay visibility runtime wires set/toggle handlers through composed deps', () => {
  let visible = false;
-  let invisible = true;
  let setVisibleCoreCalls = 0;
-  let setInvisibleCoreCalls = 0;
-  let lastBoundSubVisibility: boolean | null = null;

  const runtime = createOverlayVisibilityRuntime({
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleDeps: {
@@ -15,44 +12,17 @@ test('overlay visibility runtime wires set/toggle handlers through composed deps
        setVisibleCoreCalls += 1;
        options.setVisibleOverlayVisibleState(options.visible);
        options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
-        options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-        options.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
-        if (options.shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility() && options.isMpvConnected()) {
-          options.setMpvSubVisibility(options.visible);
-        }
      },
      setVisibleOverlayVisibleState: (nextVisible) => {
        visible = nextVisible;
      },
      updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-      updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-      syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => {},
-      shouldBindVisibleOverlayToMpvSubVisibility: () => true,
-      isMpvConnected: () => true,
-      setMpvSubVisibility: (nextVisible) => {
-        lastBoundSubVisibility = nextVisible;
-      },
-    },
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleDeps: {
-      setInvisibleOverlayVisibleCore: (options) => {
-        setInvisibleCoreCalls += 1;
-        options.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState(options.visible);
-        options.updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility();
-        options.syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough();
-      },
-      setInvisibleOverlayVisibleState: (nextVisible) => {
-        invisible = nextVisible;
-      },
-      updateInvisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
-      syncInvisibleOverlayMousePassthrough: () => {},
    },
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => visible,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => invisible,
  });

  runtime.setVisibleOverlayVisible(true);
  assert.equal(visible, true);
-  assert.equal(lastBoundSubVisibility, true);

  runtime.toggleVisibleOverlay();
  assert.equal(visible, false);
@@ -63,12 +33,5 @@ test('overlay visibility runtime wires set/toggle handlers through composed deps
  runtime.toggleOverlay();
  assert.equal(visible, false);

-  runtime.setInvisibleOverlayVisible(false);
-  assert.equal(invisible, false);
-
-  runtime.toggleInvisibleOverlay();
-  assert.equal(invisible, true);
-
  assert.equal(setVisibleCoreCalls, 4);
-  assert.equal(setInvisibleCoreCalls, 2);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-visibility-runtime.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
 import {
-  createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler,
  createSetVisibleOverlayVisibleHandler,
-  createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler,
  createToggleVisibleOverlayHandler,
 } from './overlay-visibility-actions';
 import {
-  createBuildSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler,
  createBuildSetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler,
-  createBuildToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler,
  createBuildToggleVisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler,
 } from './overlay-visibility-actions-main-deps';
 import { createSetOverlayVisibleHandler, createToggleOverlayHandler } from './overlay-main-actions';
@@ -19,15 +15,10 @@ import {
 type SetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps = Parameters<
  typeof createBuildSetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler
 >[0];
-type SetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps = Parameters<
-  typeof createBuildSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler
->[0];

 export type OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDeps = {
  setVisibleOverlayVisibleDeps: SetVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps;
-  setInvisibleOverlayVisibleDeps: SetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps;
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
 };

 export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntime(deps: OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDeps) {
@@ -38,25 +29,12 @@ export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntime(deps: OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDep
    setVisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps,
  );

-  const setInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps = createBuildSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler(
-    deps.setInvisibleOverlayVisibleDeps,
-  )();
-  const setInvisibleOverlayVisible = createSetInvisibleOverlayVisibleHandler(
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisibleMainDeps,
-  );
-
  const toggleVisibleOverlayMainDeps = createBuildToggleVisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler({
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible,
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => setVisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
  })();
  const toggleVisibleOverlay = createToggleVisibleOverlayHandler(toggleVisibleOverlayMainDeps);

-  const toggleInvisibleOverlayMainDeps = createBuildToggleInvisibleOverlayMainDepsHandler({
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => setInvisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
-  })();
-  const toggleInvisibleOverlay = createToggleInvisibleOverlayHandler(toggleInvisibleOverlayMainDeps);
-
  const setOverlayVisibleMainDeps = createBuildSetOverlayVisibleMainDepsHandler({
    setVisibleOverlayVisible: (visible) => setVisibleOverlayVisible(visible),
  })();
@@ -69,9 +47,7 @@ export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntime(deps: OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDep

  return {
    setVisibleOverlayVisible,
-    setInvisibleOverlayVisible,
    toggleVisibleOverlay,
-    toggleInvisibleOverlay,
    setOverlayVisible,
    toggleOverlay,
  };
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import test from 'node:test';
 import {
  createBuildEnforceOverlayLayerOrderMainDepsHandler,
  createBuildEnsureOverlayWindowLevelMainDepsHandler,
-  createBuildUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler,
  createBuildUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler,
 } from './overlay-window-layout-main-deps';

@@ -11,14 +10,9 @@ test('overlay window layout main deps builders map callbacks', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];

  const visible = createBuildUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler({
-    setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer) => calls.push(`visible:${layer}`),
+    setOverlayWindowBounds: () => calls.push('visible'),
  })();
-  visible.setOverlayWindowBounds('visible', { x: 0, y: 0, width: 1, height: 1 });
-
-  const invisible = createBuildUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler({
-    setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer) => calls.push(`invisible:${layer}`),
-  })();
-  invisible.setOverlayWindowBounds('invisible', { x: 0, y: 0, width: 1, height: 1 });
+  visible.setOverlayWindowBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1, height: 1 });

  const level = createBuildEnsureOverlayWindowLevelMainDepsHandler({
    ensureOverlayWindowLevelCore: () => calls.push('ensure'),
@@ -28,27 +22,20 @@ test('overlay window layout main deps builders map callbacks', () => {
  const order = createBuildEnforceOverlayLayerOrderMainDepsHandler({
    enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore: () => calls.push('order'),
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    getMainWindow: () => ({ kind: 'main' }),
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => ({ kind: 'invisible' }),
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => calls.push('order-level'),
  })();
  order.enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore({
    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
-    invisibleOverlayVisible: false,
    mainWindow: null,
-    invisibleWindow: null,
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {},
  });
  assert.equal(order.getVisibleOverlayVisible(), true);
-  assert.equal(order.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(), false);
  assert.deepEqual(order.getMainWindow(), { kind: 'main' });
-  assert.deepEqual(order.getInvisibleWindow(), { kind: 'invisible' });
  order.ensureOverlayWindowLevel({});

  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
-    'visible:visible',
-    'invisible:invisible',
+    'visible',
    'ensure',
    'order',
    'order-level',
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout-main-deps.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 import type {
  createEnforceOverlayLayerOrderHandler,
  createEnsureOverlayWindowLevelHandler,
-  createUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsHandler,
  createUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsHandler,
 } from './overlay-window-layout';

 type UpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsHandler>[0];
-type UpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsHandler>[0];
 type EnsureOverlayWindowLevelMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createEnsureOverlayWindowLevelHandler>[0];
 type EnforceOverlayLayerOrderMainDeps = Parameters<typeof createEnforceOverlayLayerOrderHandler>[0];

@@ -14,15 +12,7 @@ export function createBuildUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler(
  deps: UpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps,
 ) {
  return (): UpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps => ({
-    setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer, geometry) => deps.setOverlayWindowBounds(layer, geometry),
-  });
-}
-
-export function createBuildUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler(
-  deps: UpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps,
-) {
-  return (): UpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps => ({
-    setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer, geometry) => deps.setOverlayWindowBounds(layer, geometry),
+    setOverlayWindowBounds: (geometry) => deps.setOverlayWindowBounds(geometry),
  });
 }

@@ -40,9 +30,7 @@ export function createBuildEnforceOverlayLayerOrderMainDepsHandler(
  return (): EnforceOverlayLayerOrderMainDeps => ({
    enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore: (params) => deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore(params),
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
    getMainWindow: () => deps.getMainWindow(),
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => deps.getInvisibleWindow(),
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: unknown) => deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window),
  });
 }
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout.test.ts
@@ -3,26 +3,17 @@ import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import {
  createEnforceOverlayLayerOrderHandler,
  createEnsureOverlayWindowLevelHandler,
-  createUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsHandler,
  createUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsHandler,
 } from './overlay-window-layout';

 test('visible bounds handler writes visible layer geometry', () => {
-  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const calls: Array<{ x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number }> = [];
  const handleVisible = createUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsHandler({
-    setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer) => calls.push(layer),
+    setOverlayWindowBounds: (geometry) => calls.push(geometry),
  });
-  handleVisible({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 50 });
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['visible']);
-});
-
-test('invisible bounds handler writes invisible layer geometry', () => {
-  const calls: string[] = [];
-  const handleInvisible = createUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsHandler({
-    setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer) => calls.push(layer),
-  });
-  handleInvisible({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 50 });
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['invisible']);
+  const geometry = { x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 50 };
+  handleVisible(geometry);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [geometry]);
 });

 test('ensure overlay window level handler delegates to core', () => {
@@ -39,15 +30,12 @@ test('enforce overlay layer order handler forwards resolved state', () => {
  const enforce = createEnforceOverlayLayerOrderHandler({
    enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore: (params) => {
      calls.push(params.visibleOverlayVisible ? 'visible-on' : 'visible-off');
-      calls.push(params.invisibleOverlayVisible ? 'invisible-on' : 'invisible-off');
      params.ensureOverlayWindowLevel({});
    },
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
-    getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => false,
    getMainWindow: () => ({}),
-    getInvisibleWindow: () => ({}),
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => calls.push('ensure-level'),
  });
  enforce();
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['visible-on', 'invisible-off', 'ensure-level']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['visible-on', 'ensure-level']);
 });
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-window-layout.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,10 @@
 import type { WindowGeometry } from '../../types';

 export function createUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsHandler(deps: {
-  setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer: 'visible' | 'invisible', geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
+  setOverlayWindowBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
 }) {
  return (geometry: WindowGeometry): void => {
-    deps.setOverlayWindowBounds('visible', geometry);
-  };
-}
-
-export function createUpdateInvisibleOverlayBoundsHandler(deps: {
-  setOverlayWindowBounds: (layer: 'visible' | 'invisible', geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
-}) {
-  return (geometry: WindowGeometry): void => {
-    deps.setOverlayWindowBounds('invisible', geometry);
+    deps.setOverlayWindowBounds(geometry);
  };
 }

@@ -27,23 +19,17 @@ export function createEnsureOverlayWindowLevelHandler(deps: {
 export function createEnforceOverlayLayerOrderHandler(deps: {
  enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore: (params: {
    visibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
-    invisibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
    mainWindow: unknown;
-    invisibleWindow: unknown;
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: unknown) => void;
  }) => void;
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
-  getInvisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  getMainWindow: () => unknown;
-  getInvisibleWindow: () => unknown;
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: unknown) => void;
 }) {
  return (): void => {
    deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrderCore({
      visibleOverlayVisible: deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
-      invisibleOverlayVisible: deps.getInvisibleOverlayVisible(),
      mainWindow: deps.getMainWindow(),
-      invisibleWindow: deps.getInvisibleWindow(),
      ensureOverlayWindowLevel: deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel,
    });
  };
--- a/src/main/runtime/runtime-bootstrap-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/runtime-bootstrap-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ test('config derived runtime main deps builder maps callbacks', () => {
  const deps = createBuildConfigDerivedRuntimeMainDepsHandler({
    getResolvedConfig: () => ({ jimaku: {} } as never),
    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => null,
-    platform: 'darwin',
    defaultJimakuLanguagePreference: 'ja',
    defaultJimakuMaxEntryResults: 20,
    defaultJimakuApiBaseUrl: 'https://api.example.com',
@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ test('config derived runtime main deps builder maps callbacks', () => {

  assert.deepEqual(deps.getResolvedConfig(), { jimaku: {} });
  assert.equal(deps.getRuntimeOptionsManager(), null);
-  assert.equal(deps.platform, 'darwin');
  assert.equal(deps.defaultJimakuLanguagePreference, 'ja');
  assert.equal(deps.defaultJimakuMaxEntryResults, 20);
  assert.equal(deps.defaultJimakuApiBaseUrl, 'https://api.example.com');
--- a/src/main/runtime/runtime-bootstrap-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/runtime-bootstrap-main-deps.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ export function createBuildConfigDerivedRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: ConfigDeriv
  return (): ConfigDerivedRuntimeDeps => ({
    getResolvedConfig: () => deps.getResolvedConfig(),
    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => deps.getRuntimeOptionsManager(),
-    platform: deps.platform,
    defaultJimakuLanguagePreference: deps.defaultJimakuLanguagePreference,
    defaultJimakuMaxEntryResults: deps.defaultJimakuMaxEntryResults,
    defaultJimakuApiBaseUrl: deps.defaultJimakuApiBaseUrl,
--- a/src/renderer/handlers/keyboard.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/handlers/keyboard.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { Keybinding } from '../../types';
 import type { RendererContext } from '../context';
+import { hasYomitanPopupIframe, isYomitanPopupIframe } from '../yomitan-popup.js';

 export function createKeyboardHandlers(
  ctx: RendererContext,
@@ -14,11 +15,6 @@ export function createKeyboardHandlers(
      fallbackUsed: boolean;
      fallbackUnavailable: boolean;
    }) => void;
-    saveInvisiblePositionEdit: () => void;
-    cancelInvisiblePositionEdit: () => void;
-    setInvisiblePositionEditMode: (enabled: boolean) => void;
-    applyInvisibleSubtitleOffsetPosition: () => void;
-    updateInvisiblePositionEditHud: () => void;
    appendClipboardVideoToQueue: () => void;
  },
 ) {
@@ -32,9 +28,6 @@ export function createKeyboardHandlers(
    ['KeyS', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-start'] }],
    ['Shift+KeyS', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-stop'] }],
    ['KeyT', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-toggle'] }],
-    ['KeyI', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-toggle-invisible'] }],
-    ['Shift+KeyI', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-show-invisible'] }],
-    ['KeyU', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-hide-invisible'] }],
    ['KeyO', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-options'] }],
    ['KeyR', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-restart'] }],
    ['KeyC', { type: 'mpv', command: ['script-message', 'subminer-status'] }],
@@ -46,10 +39,9 @@ export function createKeyboardHandlers(
    if (!(target instanceof Element)) return false;
    if (target.closest('.modal')) return true;
    if (ctx.dom.subtitleContainer.contains(target)) return true;
-    if (target.tagName === 'IFRAME' && target.id?.startsWith('yomitan-popup')) {
+    if (isYomitanPopupIframe(target)) return true;
+    if (target.closest && target.closest('iframe.yomitan-popup, iframe[id^="yomitan-popup"]'))
      return true;
-    }
-    if (target.closest && target.closest('iframe[id^="yomitan-popup"]')) return true;
    return false;
  }

@@ -63,15 +55,6 @@ export function createKeyboardHandlers(
    return parts.join('+');
  }

-  function isInvisiblePositionToggleShortcut(e: KeyboardEvent): boolean {
-    return (
-      e.code === ctx.platform.invisiblePositionEditToggleCode &&
-      !e.altKey &&
-      e.shiftKey &&
-      (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)
-    );
-  }
-
  function resolveSessionHelpChordBinding(): {
    bindingKey: 'KeyH' | 'KeyK';
    fallbackUsed: boolean;
@@ -113,69 +96,6 @@ export function createKeyboardHandlers(
    });
  }

-  function handleInvisiblePositionEditKeydown(e: KeyboardEvent): boolean {
-    if (!ctx.platform.isInvisibleLayer) return false;
-
-    if (isInvisiblePositionToggleShortcut(e)) {
-      e.preventDefault();
-      if (ctx.state.invisiblePositionEditMode) {
-        options.cancelInvisiblePositionEdit();
-      } else {
-        options.setInvisiblePositionEditMode(true);
-      }
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    if (!ctx.state.invisiblePositionEditMode) return false;
-
-    const step = e.shiftKey
-      ? ctx.platform.invisiblePositionStepFastPx
-      : ctx.platform.invisiblePositionStepPx;
-
-    if (e.key === 'Escape') {
-      e.preventDefault();
-      options.cancelInvisiblePositionEdit();
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    if (e.key === 'Enter' || ((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && e.code === 'KeyS')) {
-      e.preventDefault();
-      options.saveInvisiblePositionEdit();
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    if (
-      e.key === 'ArrowUp' ||
-      e.key === 'ArrowDown' ||
-      e.key === 'ArrowLeft' ||
-      e.key === 'ArrowRight' ||
-      e.key === 'h' ||
-      e.key === 'j' ||
-      e.key === 'k' ||
-      e.key === 'l' ||
-      e.key === 'H' ||
-      e.key === 'J' ||
-      e.key === 'K' ||
-      e.key === 'L'
-    ) {
-      e.preventDefault();
-      if (e.key === 'ArrowUp' || e.key === 'k' || e.key === 'K') {
-        ctx.state.invisibleSubtitleOffsetYPx += step;
-      } else if (e.key === 'ArrowDown' || e.key === 'j' || e.key === 'J') {
-        ctx.state.invisibleSubtitleOffsetYPx -= step;
-      } else if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft' || e.key === 'h' || e.key === 'H') {
-        ctx.state.invisibleSubtitleOffsetXPx -= step;
-      } else if (e.key === 'ArrowRight' || e.key === 'l' || e.key === 'L') {
-        ctx.state.invisibleSubtitleOffsetXPx += step;
-      }
-      options.applyInvisibleSubtitleOffsetPosition();
-      options.updateInvisiblePositionEditHud();
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-  }
-
  function resetChord(): void {
    ctx.state.chordPending = false;
    if (ctx.state.chordTimeout !== null) {
@@ -188,9 +108,7 @@ export function createKeyboardHandlers(
    updateKeybindings(await window.electronAPI.getKeybindings());

    document.addEventListener('keydown', (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
-      const yomitanPopup = document.querySelector('iframe[id^="yomitan-popup"]');
-      if (yomitanPopup) return;
-      if (handleInvisiblePositionEditKeydown(e)) return;
+      if (hasYomitanPopupIframe(document)) return;

      if (ctx.state.runtimeOptionsModalOpen) {
        options.handleRuntimeOptionsKeydown(e);
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More