chore(release): v0.12.0-beta.3

Honor configured controller shortcuts and clean up modal opens
refactor: simplify Windows tracker helper API
2026-04-11 04:19:26 -07:00 · 2026-04-11 01:06:36 -07:00 · 2026-04-11 00:52:18 -07:00 · 2026-04-10 19:26:47 -07:00 · 2026-04-10 19:22:01 -07:00 · 2026-04-10 19:11:16 -07:00
144 changed files with 7165 additions and 1364 deletions
--- a/Investigate-inconsistent-mpv-y-t-overlay-toggle-after-menu-toggle.md
+++ b/Investigate-inconsistent-mpv-y-t-overlay-toggle-after-menu-toggle.md
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+id: TASK-285
+title: Investigate inconsistent mpv y-t overlay toggle after menu toggle
+status: To Do
+assignee: []
+created_date: '2026-04-07 22:55'
+updated_date: '2026-04-07 22:55'
+labels:
+  - bug
+  - overlay
+  - keyboard
+  - mpv
+dependencies: []
+references:
+  - plugin/subminer/process.lua
+  - plugin/subminer/ui.lua
+  - src/renderer/handlers/keyboard.ts
+  - src/main/runtime/autoplay-ready-gate.ts
+  - src/core/services/overlay-window-input.ts
+  - backlog/tasks/task-248 - Fix-macOS-visible-overlay-toggle-getting-immediately-restored.md
+priority: high
+---
+
+## Description
+
+<!-- SECTION:DESCRIPTION:BEGIN -->
+User report: toggling the visible overlay with mpv `y-t` is inconsistent. After manually toggling through the `y-y` menu, `y-t` may allow one hide, but after toggling back on it can stop hiding the overlay again, forcing the user back into the menu path.
+
+Initial assessment:
+
+- no active backlog item currently tracks this exact report
+- nearest prior work is `TASK-248`, which fixed a macOS-specific visible-overlay restore bug and is marked done
+- current targeted regressions for the old fix surface pass, including plugin ready-signal suppression, focused-overlay `y-t` proxy dispatch, autoplay-ready gate deduplication, and blur-path restacking guards
+
+This should be treated as a fresh investigation unless reproduction proves it is the same closed macOS issue resurfacing on the current build.
+<!-- SECTION:DESCRIPTION:END -->
+
+## Acceptance Criteria
+<!-- AC:BEGIN -->
+- [ ] #1 Reproduce the reported `y-t` / `y-y` inconsistency on the affected platform and identify the exact event sequence
+- [ ] #2 Determine whether the failure is in mpv plugin command dispatch, focused-overlay key forwarding, or main-process visible-overlay state transitions
+- [ ] #3 Fix the inconsistency so repeated hide/show/hide cycles work from `y-t` without requiring menu recovery
+- [ ] #4 Add regression coverage for the reproduced failing sequence
+- [ ] #5 Record whether this is a regression of `TASK-248` or a distinct bug
+<!-- AC:END -->
+
+## Implementation Plan
+
+<!-- SECTION:PLAN:BEGIN -->
+1. Reproduce the report with platform/build details and capture whether the failing `y-t` press originates in raw mpv or the focused overlay y-chord proxy path.
+2. Trace visible-overlay state mutations across plugin toggle commands, autoplay-ready callbacks, and main-process visibility/window blur handling.
+3. Patch the narrowest failing path and add regression coverage for the exact hide/show/hide sequence.
+4. Re-run targeted plugin, overlay visibility, overlay window, and renderer keyboard suites before broader verification.
+<!-- SECTION:PLAN:END -->
--- a/bun.lock
+++ b/bun.lock
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
        "commander": "^14.0.3",
        "hono": "^4.12.7",
        "jsonc-parser": "^3.3.1",
+        "koffi": "^2.15.6",
        "libsql": "^0.5.22",
        "ws": "^8.19.0",
      },
@@ -478,6 +479,8 @@

    "keyv": ["keyv@4.5.4", "", { "dependencies": { "json-buffer": "3.0.1" } }, "sha512-oxVHkHR/EJf2CNXnWxRLW6mg7JyCCUcG0DtEGmL2ctUo1PNTin1PUil+r/+4r5MpVgC/fn1kjsx7mjSujKqIpw=="],

+    "koffi": ["koffi@2.15.6", "", {}, "sha512-WQBpM5uo74UQ17UpsFN+PUOrQQg4/nYdey4SGVluQun2drYYfePziLLWdSmFb4wSdWlJC1aimXQnjhPCheRKuw=="],
+
    "lazy-val": ["lazy-val@1.0.5", "", {}, "sha512-0/BnGCCfyUMkBpeDgWihanIAF9JmZhHBgUhEqzvf+adhNGLoP6TaiI5oF8oyb3I45P+PcnrqihSf01M0l0G5+Q=="],

    "libsql": ["libsql@0.5.28", "", { "dependencies": { "@neon-rs/load": "^0.0.4", "detect-libc": "2.0.2" }, "optionalDependencies": { "@libsql/darwin-arm64": "0.5.28", "@libsql/darwin-x64": "0.5.28", "@libsql/linux-arm-gnueabihf": "0.5.28", "@libsql/linux-arm-musleabihf": "0.5.28", "@libsql/linux-arm64-gnu": "0.5.28", "@libsql/linux-arm64-musl": "0.5.28", "@libsql/linux-x64-gnu": "0.5.28", "@libsql/linux-x64-musl": "0.5.28", "@libsql/win32-x64-msvc": "0.5.28" }, "os": [ "linux", "win32", "darwin", ], "cpu": [ "arm", "x64", "arm64", ] }, "sha512-wKqx9FgtPcKHdPfR/Kfm0gejsnbuf8zV+ESPmltFvsq5uXwdeN9fsWn611DmqrdXj1e94NkARcMA2f1syiAqOg=="],
--- a/changes/fix-windows-coderabbit-review-follow-ups.md
+++ b/changes/fix-windows-coderabbit-review-follow-ups.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: fixed
+area: overlay
+
+- Addressed the latest CodeRabbit follow-ups on the Windows overlay flow, including exact mpv target resolution, lower-overlay helper arguments, Win32 failure detection, and overlay cleanup on tracker loss.
--- a/changes/fix-windows-overlay-z-order.md
+++ b/changes/fix-windows-overlay-z-order.md
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+type: fixed
+area: overlay
+
+- Fixed Windows overlay z-order so the visible subtitle overlay stops staying above unrelated apps after mpv loses focus.
+- Fixed Windows overlay tracking to use native window polling and owner/z-order binding, which keeps the subtitle overlay aligned to the active mpv window more reliably.
+- Fixed Windows overlay hide/restore behavior so minimizing mpv immediately hides the overlay and restoring mpv brings it back on top of the mpv window without requiring a click.
+- Fixed stats overlay layering so the in-player stats page now stays above mpv and the subtitle overlay while it is open.
+- Fixed Windows subtitle overlay stability so transient tracker misses and restore events keep the current subtitle visible instead of waiting for the next subtitle line.
+- Fixed Windows focus handoff from the interactive subtitle overlay back to mpv so the overlay no longer drops behind mpv and briefly disappears.
+- Fixed Windows visible-overlay startup so it no longer briefly opens as an interactive or opaque surface before the tracked transparent overlay state settles.
+- Fixed spurious auto-pause after overlay visibility recovery and window resize so the overlay no longer pauses mpv until the pointer genuinely re-enters the subtitle area.
--- a/changes/fix-windows-secondary-hover-titlebar.md
+++ b/changes/fix-windows-secondary-hover-titlebar.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: fixed
+area: overlay
+
+- Fixed Windows secondary subtitle hover mode so the expanded hover hit area no longer blocks the native minimize, maximize, and close buttons.
--- a/changes/honor-configured-controller-shortcuts-and-modal-routing.md
+++ b/changes/honor-configured-controller-shortcuts-and-modal-routing.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+type: changed
+area: overlay
+
+- Added configurable overlay shortcuts for session help, controller select, and controller debug actions.
+- Added mpv/plugin and CLI routing for session help, controller utilities, and subtitle sidebar toggling through the shared session-action path.
+- Improved dedicated overlay modal retry and focus handling for runtime options, Jimaku, session help, controller tools, and the playlist browser.
--- a/config.example.jsonc
+++ b/config.example.jsonc
@@ -173,7 +173,11 @@
    "toggleSecondarySub": "CommandOrControl+Shift+V", // Toggle secondary sub setting.
    "markAudioCard": "CommandOrControl+Shift+A", // Mark audio card setting.
    "openRuntimeOptions": "CommandOrControl+Shift+O", // Open runtime options setting.
-    "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Shift+J" // Open jimaku setting.
+    "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Shift+J", // Open jimaku setting.
+    "openSessionHelp": "CommandOrControl+Shift+H", // Open session help setting.
+    "openControllerSelect": "Alt+C", // Open controller select setting.
+    "openControllerDebug": "Alt+Shift+C", // Open controller debug setting.
+    "toggleSubtitleSidebar": "\\" // Toggle subtitle sidebar setting.
  }, // Overlay keyboard shortcuts. Set a shortcut to null to disable.

  // ==========================================
--- a/docs-site/configuration.md
+++ b/docs-site/configuration.md
@@ -536,7 +536,11 @@ See `config.example.jsonc` for detailed configuration options.
    "mineSentenceMultiple": "CommandOrControl+Shift+S",
    "markAudioCard": "CommandOrControl+Shift+A",
    "openRuntimeOptions": "CommandOrControl+Shift+O",
+    "openSessionHelp": "CommandOrControl+Shift+H",
+    "openControllerSelect": "Alt+C",
+    "openControllerDebug": "Alt+Shift+C",
    "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Shift+J",
+    "toggleSubtitleSidebar": "\\",
    "multiCopyTimeoutMs": 3000
  }
 }
@@ -556,7 +560,11 @@ See `config.example.jsonc` for detailed configuration options.
 | `toggleSecondarySub`          | string \| `null` | Accelerator for cycling secondary subtitle mode (default: `"CommandOrControl+Shift+V"`)                                                       |
 | `markAudioCard`               | string \| `null` | Accelerator for marking last card as audio card (default: `"CommandOrControl+Shift+A"`)                                                       |
 | `openRuntimeOptions`          | string \| `null` | Opens runtime options palette for live session-only toggles (default: `"CommandOrControl+Shift+O"`)                                           |
+| `openSessionHelp`             | string \| `null` | Opens the in-overlay session help modal (default: `"CommandOrControl+Shift+H"`)                                                               |
+| `openControllerSelect`        | string \| `null` | Opens the controller config/remap modal (default: `"Alt+C"`)                                                                                   |
+| `openControllerDebug`         | string \| `null` | Opens the controller debug modal (default: `"Alt+Shift+C"`)                                                                                    |
 | `openJimaku`                  | string \| `null` | Opens the Jimaku search modal (default: `"Ctrl+Shift+J"`)                                                                                     |
+| `toggleSubtitleSidebar`       | string \| `null` | Dispatches the subtitle sidebar toggle action (default: `"\\"`). `subtitleSidebar.toggleKey` remains the primary bare-key setting.            |

 **See `config.example.jsonc`** for the complete list of shortcut configuration options.

@@ -573,9 +581,10 @@ Important behavior:
 - Controller input is only active while keyboard-only mode is enabled.
 - Keyboard-only mode continues to work normally without a controller.
 - By default SubMiner uses the first connected controller.
- `Alt+C` opens the controller config modal, where you can save the selected controller and remap actions inline.
+- `Alt+C` opens the controller config modal by default, and you can remap that shortcut through `shortcuts.openControllerSelect`.
 - Click `Learn`, then press the next fresh button, trigger, or stick direction you want to bind for that overlay action.
- `Alt+Shift+C` opens a live debug modal showing raw axes/button values plus a ready-to-copy `buttonIndices` config block.
+- `Alt+Shift+C` opens the debug modal by default, and you can remap that shortcut through `shortcuts.openControllerDebug`.
+- The debug modal shows raw axes/button values plus a ready-to-copy `buttonIndices` config block.
 - `controller.buttonIndices` is a semantic reference/legacy mapping. Changing it does not rewrite the raw numeric descriptor values already stored under `controller.bindings`.
 - Turning keyboard-only mode off clears the keyboard-only token highlight state.
 - Closing the Yomitan popup clears the temporary native text-selection fill, but keeps controller token selection active.
@@ -694,7 +703,7 @@ These shortcuts are only active when the overlay window is visible and automatic

 ### Session Help Modal

-The session help modal is opened with `Y-H` by default (falls back to `Y-K` if needed) and shows the current session keybindings and color legend.
+The session help modal opens from the overlay with `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+H` by default. The mpv plugin also exposes it through the `Y-H` chord (falling back to `Y-K` if needed). It shows the current session keybindings and color legend.

 You can filter the modal quickly with `/`:

--- a/docs-site/public/config.example.jsonc
+++ b/docs-site/public/config.example.jsonc
@@ -173,7 +173,11 @@
    "toggleSecondarySub": "CommandOrControl+Shift+V", // Toggle secondary sub setting.
    "markAudioCard": "CommandOrControl+Shift+A", // Mark audio card setting.
    "openRuntimeOptions": "CommandOrControl+Shift+O", // Open runtime options setting.
-    "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Shift+J" // Open jimaku setting.
+    "openJimaku": "Ctrl+Shift+J", // Open jimaku setting.
+    "openSessionHelp": "CommandOrControl+Shift+H", // Open session help setting.
+    "openControllerSelect": "Alt+C", // Open controller select setting.
+    "openControllerDebug": "Alt+Shift+C", // Open controller debug setting.
+    "toggleSubtitleSidebar": "\\" // Toggle subtitle sidebar setting.
  }, // Overlay keyboard shortcuts. Set a shortcut to null to disable.

  // ==========================================
--- a/docs-site/shortcuts.md
+++ b/docs-site/shortcuts.md
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ Mouse-hover playback behavior is configured separately from shortcuts: `subtitle
 | ------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
 | `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+V` | Cycle secondary subtitle mode (hidden → visible → hover) | `shortcuts.toggleSecondarySub` |
 | `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+O` | Open runtime options palette                             | `shortcuts.openRuntimeOptions` |
+| `Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+H` | Open session help modal                                  | `shortcuts.openSessionHelp`    |
 | `Ctrl+Shift+J`     | Open Jimaku subtitle search modal                        | `shortcuts.openJimaku`         |
 | `Ctrl+Alt+C`       | Open the manual YouTube subtitle picker                  | `keybindings`                  |
 | `Ctrl+Alt+S`       | Open subtitle sync (subsync) modal                       | `shortcuts.triggerSubsync`     |
@@ -79,12 +80,12 @@ The subtitle sidebar toggle is overlay-local and only opens when SubMiner has a

 ## Controller Shortcuts

-These overlay-local shortcuts are fixed and open controller utilities for the Chrome Gamepad API integration.
+These overlay-local shortcuts open controller utilities for the Chrome Gamepad API integration.

-| Shortcut      | Action                         | Configurable |
-| ------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------ |
-| `Alt+C`       | Open controller config + remap modal | Fixed        |
-| `Alt+Shift+C` | Open controller debug modal          | Fixed        |
+| Shortcut      | Action                               | Configurable                     |
+| ------------- | ------------------------------------ | -------------------------------- |
+| `Alt+C`       | Open controller config + remap modal | `shortcuts.openControllerSelect` |
+| `Alt+Shift+C` | Open controller debug modal          | `shortcuts.openControllerDebug`  |

 Controller input only drives the overlay while keyboard-only mode is enabled. The controller mapping and tuning live under the top-level `controller` config block; keyboard-only mode still works normally without a controller.

@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ When the mpv plugin is installed, all commands use a `y` chord prefix — press
 | `y-o` | Open Yomitan settings    |
 | `y-r` | Restart overlay          |
 | `y-c` | Check overlay status     |
+| `y-h` | Open session help        |

 When the overlay has focus, press `y` then `d` to toggle DevTools (debugging helper).

--- a/docs-site/usage.md
+++ b/docs-site/usage.md
@@ -272,12 +272,12 @@ SubMiner supports gamepad/controller input for couch-friendly usage via the Chro

 1. Connect a controller before or after launching SubMiner.
 2. Enable keyboard-only mode — press `Y` on the controller (default binding) or use the overlay keybinding.
-3. Press `Alt+C` in the overlay to pick the controller you want to save and remap any action inline.
+3. Press `Alt+C` in the overlay by default to pick the controller you want to save and remap any action inline.
 4. Click `Learn` on the overlay action you want, then press the matching button, trigger, or stick direction on the controller.
 5. Use the left stick to navigate subtitle tokens and scroll the popup; use the right stick vertically for popup page jumps.
 6. Press `A` to look up the selected word, `X` to mine a card, `B` to close the popup.

-By default SubMiner uses the first connected controller. `Alt+C` opens the controller config modal, where you can save the preferred controller and remap bindings inline. `Alt+Shift+C` still opens the live debug modal with raw axes/button values for non-standard pads.
+By default SubMiner uses the first connected controller. `Alt+C` opens the controller config modal, where you can save the preferred controller and remap bindings inline, and `Alt+Shift+C` opens the live debug modal with raw axes/button values for non-standard pads. Both shortcuts can be changed through `shortcuts.openControllerSelect` and `shortcuts.openControllerDebug`.

 ### Default Button Mapping

@@ -321,6 +321,8 @@ See [Keyboard Shortcuts](/shortcuts) for the full reference, including mining sh

 Useful overlay-local default keybinding: `Ctrl+Alt+P` opens the playlist browser for the current video's parent directory and the live mpv queue so you can append, reorder, remove, or jump between episodes without leaving playback.

+`Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+H` opens the session help modal with the current overlay and mpv keybindings. If you use the mpv plugin, the same help view is also available through the `y-h` chord.
+
 Hovering over subtitle text pauses mpv by default; leaving resumes it. Yomitan popups also pause playback by default. Set `subtitleStyle.autoPauseVideoOnHover: false` or `subtitleStyle.autoPauseVideoOnYomitanPopup: false` to disable either behavior.

 ### Drag-and-Drop
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  "name": "subminer",
  "productName": "SubMiner",
  "desktopName": "SubMiner.desktop",
-  "version": "0.12.0-beta.1",
+  "version": "0.12.0-beta.3",
  "description": "All-in-one sentence mining overlay with AnkiConnect and dictionary integration",
  "packageManager": "bun@1.3.5",
  "main": "dist/main-entry.js",
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@
    "commander": "^14.0.3",
    "hono": "^4.12.7",
    "jsonc-parser": "^3.3.1",
+    "koffi": "^2.15.6",
    "libsql": "^0.5.22",
    "ws": "^8.19.0"
  },
--- a/plugin/subminer/bootstrap.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/bootstrap.lua
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ function M.init()
 	local utils = require("mp.utils")

 	local options_helper = require("options")
-	local environment = require("environment").create({ mp = mp })
+	local environment = require("environment").create({ mp = mp, utils = utils })
 	local opts = options_helper.load(options_lib, environment.default_socket_path())
 	local state = require("state").new()

@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@ function M.init()
 	ctx.process = make_lazy_proxy("process", function()
 		return require("process").create(ctx)
 	end)
+	ctx.session_bindings = make_lazy_proxy("session_bindings", function()
+		return require("session_bindings").create(ctx)
+	end)
 	ctx.ui = make_lazy_proxy("ui", function()
 		return require("ui").create(ctx)
 	end)
@@ -72,6 +75,7 @@ function M.init()
 	end)

 	ctx.ui.register_keybindings()
+	ctx.session_bindings.register_bindings()
 	ctx.messages.register_script_messages()
 	ctx.lifecycle.register_lifecycle_hooks()
 	ctx.log.subminer_log("info", "lifecycle", "SubMiner plugin loaded")
--- a/plugin/subminer/environment.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/environment.lua
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 local M = {}
+local unpack_fn = table.unpack or unpack

 function M.create(ctx)
 	local mp = ctx.mp
+	local utils = ctx.utils

 	local detected_backend = nil
 	local app_running_cache_value = nil
@@ -30,6 +32,57 @@ function M.create(ctx)
 		return "/tmp/subminer-socket"
 	end

+	local function path_separator()
+		return is_windows() and "\\" or "/"
+	end
+
+	local function join_path(...)
+		local parts = { ... }
+		if utils and type(utils.join_path) == "function" then
+			return utils.join_path(unpack_fn(parts))
+		end
+		return table.concat(parts, path_separator())
+	end
+
+	local function file_exists(path)
+		if not utils or type(utils.file_info) ~= "function" then
+			return false
+		end
+		return utils.file_info(path) ~= nil
+	end
+
+	local function resolve_subminer_config_dir()
+		local home = os.getenv("HOME") or os.getenv("USERPROFILE") or ""
+		local candidates = {}
+		if is_windows() then
+			local app_data = os.getenv("APPDATA") or join_path(home, "AppData", "Roaming")
+			candidates = {
+				join_path(app_data, "SubMiner"),
+			}
+		else
+			local xdg_config_home = os.getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
+			local primary_base = (type(xdg_config_home) == "string" and xdg_config_home ~= "")
+					and xdg_config_home
+				or join_path(home, ".config")
+			candidates = {
+				join_path(primary_base, "SubMiner"),
+				join_path(home, ".config", "SubMiner"),
+			}
+		end
+
+		for _, dir in ipairs(candidates) do
+			if file_exists(join_path(dir, "config.jsonc")) or file_exists(join_path(dir, "config.json")) or file_exists(dir) then
+				return dir
+			end
+		end
+
+		return candidates[1]
+	end
+
+	local function resolve_session_bindings_artifact_path()
+		return join_path(resolve_subminer_config_dir(), "session-bindings.json")
+	end
+
 	local function is_linux()
 		return not is_windows() and not is_macos()
 	end
@@ -198,7 +251,10 @@ function M.create(ctx)
 		is_windows = is_windows,
 		is_macos = is_macos,
 		is_linux = is_linux,
+		join_path = join_path,
 		default_socket_path = default_socket_path,
+		resolve_subminer_config_dir = resolve_subminer_config_dir,
+		resolve_session_bindings_artifact_path = resolve_session_bindings_artifact_path,
 		is_subminer_process_running = is_subminer_process_running,
 		is_subminer_app_running = is_subminer_app_running,
 		is_subminer_app_running_async = is_subminer_app_running_async,
--- a/plugin/subminer/messages.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/messages.lua
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ function M.create(ctx)
 		mp.register_script_message("subminer-stats-toggle", function()
 			mp.osd_message("Stats: press ` (backtick) in overlay", 3)
 		end)
+		mp.register_script_message("subminer-reload-session-bindings", function()
+			ctx.session_bindings.reload_bindings()
+		end)
 	end

 	return {
--- a/plugin/subminer/process.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/process.lua
@@ -229,6 +229,22 @@ function M.create(ctx)
 		end)
 	end

+	local function run_binary_command_async(args, callback)
+		subminer_log("debug", "process", "Binary command: " .. table.concat(args, " "))
+		mp.command_native_async({
+			name = "subprocess",
+			args = args,
+			playback_only = false,
+			capture_stdout = true,
+			capture_stderr = true,
+		}, function(success, result, error)
+			local ok = success and (result == nil or result.status == 0)
+			if callback then
+				callback(ok, result, error)
+			end
+		end)
+	end
+
 	local function parse_start_script_message_overrides(...)
 		local overrides = {}
 		for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
@@ -528,6 +544,7 @@ function M.create(ctx)
 		build_command_args = build_command_args,
 		has_matching_mpv_ipc_socket = has_matching_mpv_ipc_socket,
 		run_control_command_async = run_control_command_async,
+		run_binary_command_async = run_binary_command_async,
 		parse_start_script_message_overrides = parse_start_script_message_overrides,
 		ensure_texthooker_running = ensure_texthooker_running,
 		start_overlay = start_overlay,
--- a/plugin/subminer/session_bindings.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/session_bindings.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+local M = {}
+
+local unpack_fn = table.unpack or unpack
+
+local KEY_NAME_MAP = {
+	Space = "SPACE",
+	Tab = "TAB",
+	Enter = "ENTER",
+	Escape = "ESC",
+	Backspace = "BS",
+	Delete = "DEL",
+	ArrowUp = "UP",
+	ArrowDown = "DOWN",
+	ArrowLeft = "LEFT",
+	ArrowRight = "RIGHT",
+	Slash = "/",
+	Backslash = "\\",
+	Minus = "-",
+	Equal = "=",
+	Comma = ",",
+	Period = ".",
+	Quote = "'",
+	Semicolon = ";",
+	BracketLeft = "[",
+	BracketRight = "]",
+	Backquote = "`",
+}
+
+local MODIFIER_MAP = {
+	ctrl = "Ctrl",
+	alt = "Alt",
+	shift = "Shift",
+	meta = "Meta",
+}
+
+function M.create(ctx)
+	local mp = ctx.mp
+	local utils = ctx.utils
+	local state = ctx.state
+	local process = ctx.process
+	local environment = ctx.environment
+	local subminer_log = ctx.log.subminer_log
+	local show_osd = ctx.log.show_osd
+
+	local function read_file(path)
+		local handle = io.open(path, "r")
+		if not handle then
+			return nil
+		end
+		local content = handle:read("*a")
+		handle:close()
+		return content
+	end
+
+	local function remove_binding_names(names)
+		for _, name in ipairs(names) do
+			mp.remove_key_binding(name)
+		end
+		for index = #names, 1, -1 do
+			names[index] = nil
+		end
+	end
+
+	local function key_code_to_mpv_name(code)
+		if KEY_NAME_MAP[code] then
+			return KEY_NAME_MAP[code]
+		end
+
+		local letter = code:match("^Key([A-Z])$")
+		if letter then
+			return string.lower(letter)
+		end
+
+		local digit = code:match("^Digit([0-9])$")
+		if digit then
+			return digit
+		end
+
+		local function_key = code:match("^(F%d+)$")
+		if function_key then
+			return function_key
+		end
+
+		return nil
+	end
+
+	local function key_spec_to_mpv_binding(key)
+		if type(key) ~= "table" then
+			return nil
+		end
+
+		if type(key.code) ~= "string" then
+			return nil
+		end
+		if type(key.modifiers) ~= "table" then
+			return nil
+		end
+
+		local key_name = key_code_to_mpv_name(key.code)
+		if not key_name then
+			return nil
+		end
+
+		local parts = {}
+		for _, modifier in ipairs(key.modifiers) do
+			local mapped = MODIFIER_MAP[modifier]
+			if mapped then
+				parts[#parts + 1] = mapped
+			end
+		end
+		parts[#parts + 1] = key_name
+		return table.concat(parts, "+")
+	end
+
+	local function build_cli_args(action_id, payload)
+		if action_id == "toggleVisibleOverlay" then
+			return { "--toggle-visible-overlay" }
+		elseif action_id == "toggleStatsOverlay" then
+			return { "--toggle-stats-overlay" }
+		elseif action_id == "copySubtitle" then
+			return { "--copy-subtitle" }
+		elseif action_id == "copySubtitleMultiple" then
+			return { "--copy-subtitle-count", tostring(payload and payload.count or 1) }
+		elseif action_id == "updateLastCardFromClipboard" then
+			return { "--update-last-card-from-clipboard" }
+		elseif action_id == "triggerFieldGrouping" then
+			return { "--trigger-field-grouping" }
+		elseif action_id == "triggerSubsync" then
+			return { "--trigger-subsync" }
+		elseif action_id == "mineSentence" then
+			return { "--mine-sentence" }
+		elseif action_id == "mineSentenceMultiple" then
+			return { "--mine-sentence-count", tostring(payload and payload.count or 1) }
+		elseif action_id == "toggleSecondarySub" then
+			return { "--toggle-secondary-sub" }
+		elseif action_id == "toggleSubtitleSidebar" then
+			return { "--toggle-subtitle-sidebar" }
+		elseif action_id == "markAudioCard" then
+			return { "--mark-audio-card" }
+		elseif action_id == "openRuntimeOptions" then
+			return { "--open-runtime-options" }
+		elseif action_id == "openJimaku" then
+			return { "--open-jimaku" }
+		elseif action_id == "openYoutubePicker" then
+			return { "--open-youtube-picker" }
+		elseif action_id == "openSessionHelp" then
+			return { "--open-session-help" }
+		elseif action_id == "openControllerSelect" then
+			return { "--open-controller-select" }
+		elseif action_id == "openControllerDebug" then
+			return { "--open-controller-debug" }
+		elseif action_id == "openPlaylistBrowser" then
+			return { "--open-playlist-browser" }
+		elseif action_id == "replayCurrentSubtitle" then
+			return { "--replay-current-subtitle" }
+		elseif action_id == "playNextSubtitle" then
+			return { "--play-next-subtitle" }
+		elseif action_id == "shiftSubDelayPrevLine" then
+			return { "--shift-sub-delay-prev-line" }
+		elseif action_id == "shiftSubDelayNextLine" then
+			return { "--shift-sub-delay-next-line" }
+		elseif action_id == "cycleRuntimeOption" then
+			local runtime_option_id = payload and payload.runtimeOptionId or nil
+			if type(runtime_option_id) ~= "string" or runtime_option_id == "" then
+				return nil
+			end
+			local direction = payload and payload.direction == -1 and "prev" or "next"
+			return { "--cycle-runtime-option", runtime_option_id .. ":" .. direction }
+		end
+
+		return nil
+	end
+
+	local function invoke_cli_action(action_id, payload)
+		if not process.check_binary_available() then
+			show_osd("Error: binary not found")
+			return
+		end
+
+		local cli_args = build_cli_args(action_id, payload)
+		if not cli_args then
+			subminer_log("warn", "session-bindings", "No CLI mapping for action: " .. tostring(action_id))
+			return
+		end
+
+		local args = { state.binary_path }
+		for _, arg in ipairs(cli_args) do
+			args[#args + 1] = arg
+		end
+		local runner = process.run_binary_command_async
+		if type(runner) ~= "function" then
+			runner = function(binary_args, callback)
+				mp.command_native_async({
+					name = "subprocess",
+					args = binary_args,
+					playback_only = false,
+					capture_stdout = true,
+					capture_stderr = true,
+				}, function(success, result, error)
+					local ok = success and (result == nil or result.status == 0)
+					if callback then
+						callback(ok, result, error)
+					end
+				end)
+			end
+		end
+		runner(args, function(ok, result, error)
+			if ok then
+				return
+			end
+			local reason = error or (result and result.stderr) or "unknown error"
+			subminer_log("warn", "session-bindings", "Session action failed: " .. tostring(reason))
+			show_osd("Session action failed")
+		end)
+	end
+
+	local function clear_numeric_selection(show_cancelled)
+		if state.session_numeric_selection and state.session_numeric_selection.timeout then
+			state.session_numeric_selection.timeout:kill()
+		end
+		state.session_numeric_selection = nil
+		remove_binding_names(state.session_numeric_binding_names)
+		if show_cancelled then
+			show_osd("Cancelled")
+		end
+	end
+
+	local function start_numeric_selection(action_id, timeout_ms)
+		clear_numeric_selection(false)
+		for digit = 1, 9 do
+			local digit_string = tostring(digit)
+			local name = "subminer-session-digit-" .. digit_string
+			state.session_numeric_binding_names[#state.session_numeric_binding_names + 1] = name
+			mp.add_forced_key_binding(digit_string, name, function()
+				clear_numeric_selection(false)
+				invoke_cli_action(action_id, { count = digit })
+			end)
+		end
+
+		state.session_numeric_binding_names[#state.session_numeric_binding_names + 1] =
+			"subminer-session-digit-cancel"
+		mp.add_forced_key_binding("ESC", "subminer-session-digit-cancel", function()
+			clear_numeric_selection(true)
+		end)
+
+		state.session_numeric_selection = {
+			action_id = action_id,
+			timeout = mp.add_timeout((timeout_ms or 3000) / 1000, function()
+				clear_numeric_selection(false)
+				show_osd(action_id == "copySubtitleMultiple" and "Copy timeout" or "Mine timeout")
+			end),
+		}
+
+		show_osd(
+			action_id == "copySubtitleMultiple"
+					and "Copy how many lines? Press 1-9 (Esc to cancel)"
+				or "Mine how many lines? Press 1-9 (Esc to cancel)"
+		)
+	end
+
+	local function execute_mpv_command(command)
+		if type(command) ~= "table" or command[1] == nil then
+			return
+		end
+		mp.commandv(unpack_fn(command))
+	end
+
+	local function handle_binding(binding, numeric_selection_timeout_ms)
+		if binding.actionType == "mpv-command" then
+			execute_mpv_command(binding.command)
+			return
+		end
+
+		if binding.actionId == "copySubtitleMultiple" or binding.actionId == "mineSentenceMultiple" then
+			start_numeric_selection(binding.actionId, numeric_selection_timeout_ms)
+			return
+		end
+
+		invoke_cli_action(binding.actionId, binding.payload)
+	end
+
+	local function load_artifact()
+		local artifact_path = environment.resolve_session_bindings_artifact_path()
+		local raw = read_file(artifact_path)
+		if not raw or raw == "" then
+			return nil, "Missing session binding artifact: " .. tostring(artifact_path)
+		end
+
+		local parsed, parse_error = utils.parse_json(raw)
+		if not parsed then
+			return nil, "Failed to parse session binding artifact: " .. tostring(parse_error)
+		end
+		if type(parsed) ~= "table" or type(parsed.bindings) ~= "table" then
+			return nil, "Invalid session binding artifact"
+		end
+
+		return parsed, nil
+	end
+
+	local function clear_bindings()
+		clear_numeric_selection(false)
+		remove_binding_names(state.session_binding_names)
+	end
+
+	local function register_bindings()
+		local artifact, load_error = load_artifact()
+		if not artifact then
+			subminer_log("warn", "session-bindings", load_error)
+			return false
+		end
+
+		clear_numeric_selection(false)
+
+		local previous_binding_names = state.session_binding_names
+		local next_binding_names = {}
+
+		local timeout_ms = tonumber(artifact.numericSelectionTimeoutMs) or 3000
+		for index, binding in ipairs(artifact.bindings) do
+			local key_name = key_spec_to_mpv_binding(binding.key)
+			if key_name then
+				local name = "subminer-session-binding-" .. tostring(index)
+				next_binding_names[#next_binding_names + 1] = name
+				mp.add_forced_key_binding(key_name, name, function()
+					handle_binding(binding, timeout_ms)
+				end)
+			else
+				subminer_log(
+					"warn",
+					"session-bindings",
+					"Skipped unsupported key code from artifact: " .. tostring(binding.key and binding.key.code or "unknown")
+				)
+			end
+		end
+
+		remove_binding_names(previous_binding_names)
+		state.session_binding_names = next_binding_names
+
+		subminer_log(
+			"info",
+			"session-bindings",
+			"Registered " .. tostring(#next_binding_names) .. " shared session bindings"
+		)
+		return true
+	end
+
+	local function reload_bindings()
+		return register_bindings()
+	end
+
+	return {
+		register_bindings = register_bindings,
+		reload_bindings = reload_bindings,
+		clear_bindings = clear_bindings,
+	}
+end
+
+return M
--- a/plugin/subminer/state.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/state.lua
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ function M.new()
 		auto_play_ready_timeout = nil,
 		auto_play_ready_osd_timer = nil,
 		suppress_ready_overlay_restore = false,
+		session_binding_names = {},
+		session_numeric_binding_names = {},
+		session_numeric_selection = nil,
 	}
 end

--- a/plugin/subminer/ui.lua
+++ b/plugin/subminer/ui.lua
@@ -90,6 +90,12 @@ function M.create(ctx)
 		mp.add_key_binding("y-c", "subminer-status", function()
 			process.check_status()
 		end)
+		mp.add_key_binding("y-h", "subminer-session-help", function()
+			if not ensure_binary_for_menu() then
+				return
+			end
+			process.run_control_command_async("open-session-help")
+		end)
 		if type(opts.aniskip_button_key) == "string" and opts.aniskip_button_key ~= "" then
 			mp.add_key_binding(opts.aniskip_button_key, "subminer-skip-intro", function()
 				aniskip.skip_intro_now()
--- a/scripts/get-mpv-window-windows.ps1
+++ b/scripts/get-mpv-window-windows.ps1
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-param(
-  [ValidateSet('geometry')]
-  [string]$Mode = 'geometry',
-  [string]$SocketPath
-)
-
-$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
-
-try {
-  Add-Type -TypeDefinition @"
-using System;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-
-public static class SubMinerWindowsHelper {
-  public delegate bool EnumWindowsProc(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam);
-
-  [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
-  public struct RECT {
-    public int Left;
-    public int Top;
-    public int Right;
-    public int Bottom;
-  }
-
-  [DllImport("user32.dll")]
-  public static extern bool EnumWindows(EnumWindowsProc lpEnumFunc, IntPtr lParam);
-
-  [DllImport("user32.dll")]
-  [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
-  public static extern bool IsWindowVisible(IntPtr hWnd);
-
-  [DllImport("user32.dll")]
-  public static extern bool IsIconic(IntPtr hWnd);
-
-  [DllImport("user32.dll")]
-  public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();
-
-  [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
-  public static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out uint processId);
-
-  [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
-  [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
-  public static extern bool GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, out RECT rect);
-
-  [DllImport("dwmapi.dll")]
-  public static extern int DwmGetWindowAttribute(IntPtr hwnd, int dwAttribute, out RECT pvAttribute, int cbAttribute);
-}
-"@
-
-  $DWMWA_EXTENDED_FRAME_BOUNDS = 9
-
-  function Get-WindowBounds {
-    param([IntPtr]$hWnd)
-
-    $rect = New-Object SubMinerWindowsHelper+RECT
-    $size = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf($rect)
-    $dwmResult = [SubMinerWindowsHelper]::DwmGetWindowAttribute(
-      $hWnd,
-      $DWMWA_EXTENDED_FRAME_BOUNDS,
-      [ref]$rect,
-      $size
-    )
-
-    if ($dwmResult -ne 0) {
-      if (-not [SubMinerWindowsHelper]::GetWindowRect($hWnd, [ref]$rect)) {
-        return $null
-      }
-    }
-
-    $width = $rect.Right - $rect.Left
-    $height = $rect.Bottom - $rect.Top
-    if ($width -le 0 -or $height -le 0) {
-      return $null
-    }
-
-    return [PSCustomObject]@{
-      X = $rect.Left
-      Y = $rect.Top
-      Width = $width
-      Height = $height
-      Area = $width * $height
-    }
-  }
-
-  $commandLineByPid = @{}
-  if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($SocketPath)) {
-    foreach ($process in Get-CimInstance Win32_Process) {
-      $commandLineByPid[[uint32]$process.ProcessId] = $process.CommandLine
-    }
-  }
-
-  $mpvMatches = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
-  $foregroundWindow = [SubMinerWindowsHelper]::GetForegroundWindow()
-  $callback = [SubMinerWindowsHelper+EnumWindowsProc]{
-    param([IntPtr]$hWnd, [IntPtr]$lParam)
-
-    if (-not [SubMinerWindowsHelper]::IsWindowVisible($hWnd)) {
-      return $true
-    }
-
-    if ([SubMinerWindowsHelper]::IsIconic($hWnd)) {
-      return $true
-    }
-
-    [uint32]$windowProcessId = 0
-    [void][SubMinerWindowsHelper]::GetWindowThreadProcessId($hWnd, [ref]$windowProcessId)
-    if ($windowProcessId -eq 0) {
-      return $true
-    }
-
-    try {
-      $process = Get-Process -Id $windowProcessId -ErrorAction Stop
-    } catch {
-      return $true
-    }
-
-    if ($process.ProcessName -ine 'mpv') {
-      return $true
-    }
-
-    if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($SocketPath)) {
-      $commandLine = $commandLineByPid[[uint32]$windowProcessId]
-      if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($commandLine)) {
-        return $true
-      }
-      if (
-        ($commandLine -notlike "*--input-ipc-server=$SocketPath*") -and
-        ($commandLine -notlike "*--input-ipc-server $SocketPath*")
-      ) {
-        return $true
-      }
-    }
-
-    $bounds = Get-WindowBounds -hWnd $hWnd
-    if ($null -eq $bounds) {
-      return $true
-    }
-
-    $mpvMatches.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
-      HWnd = $hWnd
-      X = $bounds.X
-      Y = $bounds.Y
-      Width = $bounds.Width
-      Height = $bounds.Height
-      Area = $bounds.Area
-      IsForeground = ($foregroundWindow -ne [IntPtr]::Zero -and $hWnd -eq $foregroundWindow)
-    })
-
-    return $true
-  }
-
-  [void][SubMinerWindowsHelper]::EnumWindows($callback, [IntPtr]::Zero)
-
-  $focusedMatch = $mpvMatches | Where-Object { $_.IsForeground } | Select-Object -First 1
-  if ($null -ne $focusedMatch) {
-    [Console]::Error.WriteLine('focus=focused')
-  } else {
-    [Console]::Error.WriteLine('focus=not-focused')
-  }
-
-  if ($mpvMatches.Count -eq 0) {
-    Write-Output 'not-found'
-    exit 0
-  }
-
-  $bestMatch = if ($null -ne $focusedMatch) {
-    $focusedMatch
-  } else {
-    $mpvMatches | Sort-Object -Property Area, Width, Height -Descending | Select-Object -First 1
-  }
-  Write-Output "$($bestMatch.X),$($bestMatch.Y),$($bestMatch.Width),$($bestMatch.Height)"
-} catch {
-  [Console]::Error.WriteLine($_.Exception.Message)
-  exit 1
-}
--- a/scripts/mkv-to-readme-video.sh
+++ b/scripts/mkv-to-readme-video.sh
@@ -28,6 +28,27 @@ USAGE
 force=0
 generate_webp=0
 input=""
+ffmpeg_bin="${FFMPEG_BIN:-ffmpeg}"
+
+normalize_path() {
+	local value="$1"
+	if command -v cygpath > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		case "$value" in
+			[A-Za-z]:\\* | [A-Za-z]:/*)
+				cygpath -u "$value"
+				return 0
+				;;
+		esac
+	fi
+	if [[ "$value" =~ ^([A-Za-z]):[\\/](.*)$ ]]; then
+		local drive="${BASH_REMATCH[1],,}"
+		local rest="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+		rest="${rest//\\//}"
+		printf '/mnt/%s/%s\n' "$drive" "$rest"
+		return 0
+	fi
+	printf '%s\n' "$value"
+}

 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 	case "$1" in
@@ -63,9 +84,19 @@ if [[ -z "$input" ]]; then
 	exit 1
 fi

-if ! command -v ffmpeg > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-	echo "Error: ffmpeg is not installed or not in PATH." >&2
-	exit 1
+input="$(normalize_path "$input")"
+ffmpeg_bin="$(normalize_path "$ffmpeg_bin")"
+
+if [[ "$ffmpeg_bin" == */* ]]; then
+	if [[ ! -x "$ffmpeg_bin" ]]; then
+		echo "Error: ffmpeg binary is not executable: $ffmpeg_bin" >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+else
+	if ! command -v "$ffmpeg_bin" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		echo "Error: ffmpeg is not installed or not in PATH." >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
 fi

 if [[ ! -f "$input" ]]; then
@@ -102,7 +133,7 @@ fi

 has_encoder() {
 	local encoder="$1"
-	ffmpeg -hide_banner -encoders 2> /dev/null | awk -v encoder="$encoder" '$2 == encoder { found = 1 } END { exit(found ? 0 : 1) }'
+	"$ffmpeg_bin" -hide_banner -encoders 2> /dev/null | awk -v encoder="$encoder" '$2 == encoder { found = 1 } END { exit(found ? 0 : 1) }'
 }

 pick_webp_encoder() {
@@ -123,7 +154,7 @@ webm_vf="${crop_vf},fps=30"
 echo "Generating MP4: $mp4_out"
 if has_encoder "h264_nvenc"; then
 	echo "Trying GPU encoder for MP4: h264_nvenc"
-	if ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+	if "$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 		-vf "$crop_vf" \
 		-c:v h264_nvenc -preset p6 -rc:v vbr -cq:v 20 -b:v 0 \
 		-pix_fmt yuv420p -movflags +faststart \
@@ -132,7 +163,7 @@ if has_encoder "h264_nvenc"; then
 		:
 	else
 		echo "GPU MP4 encode failed; retrying with CPU encoder: libx264"
-		ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+		"$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 			-vf "$crop_vf" \
 			-c:v libx264 -preset slow -crf 20 \
 			-profile:v high -level 4.1 -pix_fmt yuv420p \
@@ -142,7 +173,7 @@ if has_encoder "h264_nvenc"; then
 	fi
 else
 	echo "Using CPU encoder for MP4: libx264"
-	ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+	"$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 		-vf "$crop_vf" \
 		-c:v libx264 -preset slow -crf 20 \
 		-profile:v high -level 4.1 -pix_fmt yuv420p \
@@ -154,7 +185,7 @@ fi
 echo "Generating WebM: $webm_out"
 if has_encoder "av1_nvenc"; then
 	echo "Trying GPU encoder for WebM: av1_nvenc"
-	if ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+	if "$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 		-vf "$webm_vf" \
 		-c:v av1_nvenc -preset p6 -cq:v 34 -b:v 0 \
 		-c:a libopus -b:a 96k \
@@ -162,7 +193,7 @@ if has_encoder "av1_nvenc"; then
 		:
 	else
 		echo "GPU WebM encode failed; retrying with CPU encoder: libvpx-vp9"
-		ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+		"$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 			-vf "$webm_vf" \
 			-c:v libvpx-vp9 -crf 34 -b:v 0 \
 			-row-mt 1 -threads 8 \
@@ -171,7 +202,7 @@ if has_encoder "av1_nvenc"; then
 	fi
 else
 	echo "Using CPU encoder for WebM: libvpx-vp9"
-	ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+	"$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 		-vf "$webm_vf" \
 		-c:v libvpx-vp9 -crf 34 -b:v 0 \
 		-row-mt 1 -threads 8 \
@@ -185,7 +216,7 @@ if [[ "$generate_webp" -eq 1 ]]; then
 		exit 1
 	fi
 	echo "Generating animated WebP with $webp_encoder: $webp_out"
-	ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
+	"$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -i "$input" \
 		-vf "${crop_vf},fps=24,scale=960:-1:flags=lanczos" \
 		-c:v "$webp_encoder" \
 		-q:v 80 \
@@ -195,7 +226,7 @@ if [[ "$generate_webp" -eq 1 ]]; then
 fi

 echo "Generating poster: $poster_out"
-ffmpeg "$overwrite_flag" -ss 00:00:05 -i "$input" \
+"$ffmpeg_bin" "$overwrite_flag" -ss 00:00:05 -i "$input" \
 	-vf "$crop_vf" \
 	-vframes 1 \
 	-q:v 2 \
--- a/scripts/mkv-to-readme-video.test.ts
+++ b/scripts/mkv-to-readme-video.test.ts
@@ -19,11 +19,33 @@ function writeExecutable(filePath: string, contents: string): void {
  fs.chmodSync(filePath, 0o755);
 }

+function shellQuote(value: string): string {
+  return `'${value.replace(/'/g, `'\"'\"'`)}'`;
+}
+
+function toBashPath(filePath: string): string {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') return filePath;
+
+  const normalized = filePath.replace(/\\/g, '/');
+  const match = normalized.match(/^([A-Za-z]):\/(.*)$/);
+  if (!match) return normalized;
+
+  const drive = match[1]!;
+  const rest = match[2]!;
+  const probe = spawnSync('bash', ['-c', 'uname -s'], { encoding: 'utf8' });
+  if (probe.status === 0 && /linux/i.test(probe.stdout)) {
+    return `/mnt/${drive.toLowerCase()}/${rest}`;
+  }
+
+  return `${drive.toUpperCase()}:/${rest}`;
+}
+
 test('mkv-to-readme-video accepts libwebp_anim when libwebp is unavailable', () => {
  withTempDir((root) => {
    const binDir = path.join(root, 'bin');
    const inputPath = path.join(root, 'sample.mkv');
    const ffmpegLogPath = path.join(root, 'ffmpeg-args.log');
+    const ffmpegLogPathBash = toBashPath(ffmpegLogPath);

    fs.mkdirSync(binDir, { recursive: true });
    fs.writeFileSync(inputPath, 'fake-video', 'utf8');
@@ -44,22 +66,33 @@ EOF
  exit 0
 fi

-printf '%s\\n' "$*" >> "${ffmpegLogPath}"
+if [[ "$#" -eq 0 ]]; then
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+printf '%s\\n' "$*" >> "${ffmpegLogPathBash}"
 output=""
 for arg in "$@"; do
  output="$arg"
 done
+if [[ -z "$output" ]]; then
+  exit 0
+fi
 mkdir -p "$(dirname "$output")"
 touch "$output"
 `,
    );

-    const result = spawnSync('bash', ['scripts/mkv-to-readme-video.sh', '--webp', inputPath], {
+    const ffmpegShimPath = toBashPath(path.join(binDir, 'ffmpeg'));
+    const ffmpegShimDir = toBashPath(binDir);
+    const inputBashPath = toBashPath(inputPath);
+    const command = [
+      `chmod +x ${shellQuote(ffmpegShimPath)}`,
+      `PATH=${shellQuote(`${ffmpegShimDir}:`)}"$PATH"`,
+      `scripts/mkv-to-readme-video.sh --webp ${shellQuote(inputBashPath)}`,
+    ].join('; ');
+    const result = spawnSync('bash', ['-lc', command], {
      cwd: process.cwd(),
-      env: {
-        ...process.env,
-        PATH: `${binDir}:${process.env.PATH || ''}`,
-      },
      encoding: 'utf8',
    });

--- a/scripts/prepare-build-assets.mjs
+++ b/scripts/prepare-build-assets.mjs
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ const repoRoot = path.resolve(scriptDir, '..');
 const rendererSourceDir = path.join(repoRoot, 'src', 'renderer');
 const rendererOutputDir = path.join(repoRoot, 'dist', 'renderer');
 const scriptsOutputDir = path.join(repoRoot, 'dist', 'scripts');
-const windowsHelperSourcePath = path.join(scriptDir, 'get-mpv-window-windows.ps1');
-const windowsHelperOutputPath = path.join(scriptsOutputDir, 'get-mpv-window-windows.ps1');
 const macosHelperSourcePath = path.join(scriptDir, 'get-mpv-window-macos.swift');
 const macosHelperBinaryPath = path.join(scriptsOutputDir, 'get-mpv-window-macos');
 const macosHelperSourceCopyPath = path.join(scriptsOutputDir, 'get-mpv-window-macos.swift');
@@ -33,11 +31,6 @@ function copyRendererAssets() {
  process.stdout.write(`Staged renderer assets in ${rendererOutputDir}\n`);
 }

-function stageWindowsHelper() {
-  copyFile(windowsHelperSourcePath, windowsHelperOutputPath);
-  process.stdout.write(`Staged Windows helper: ${windowsHelperOutputPath}\n`);
-}
-
 function fallbackToMacosSource() {
  copyFile(macosHelperSourcePath, macosHelperSourceCopyPath);
  process.stdout.write(`Staged macOS helper source fallback: ${macosHelperSourceCopyPath}\n`);
@@ -77,7 +70,6 @@ function buildMacosHelper() {

 function main() {
  copyRendererAssets();
-  stageWindowsHelper();
  buildMacosHelper();
 }

--- a/scripts/update-aur-package.sh
+++ b/scripts/update-aur-package.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,26 @@ appimage=
 wrapper=
 assets=

+normalize_path() {
+  local value="$1"
+  if command -v cygpath >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    case "$value" in
+      [A-Za-z]:\\* | [A-Za-z]:/*)
+        cygpath -u "$value"
+        return 0
+        ;;
+    esac
+  fi
+  if [[ "$value" =~ ^([A-Za-z]):[\\/](.*)$ ]]; then
+    local drive="${BASH_REMATCH[1],,}"
+    local rest="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+    rest="${rest//\\//}"
+    printf '/mnt/%s/%s\n' "$drive" "$rest"
+    return 0
+  fi
+  printf '%s\n' "$value"
+}
+
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
  case "$1" in
    --pkg-dir)
@@ -53,6 +73,10 @@ if [[ -z "$pkg_dir" || -z "$version" || -z "$appimage" || -z "$wrapper" || -z "$
 fi

 version="${version#v}"
+pkg_dir="$(normalize_path "$pkg_dir")"
+appimage="$(normalize_path "$appimage")"
+wrapper="$(normalize_path "$wrapper")"
+assets="$(normalize_path "$assets")"
 pkgbuild="${pkg_dir}/PKGBUILD"
 srcinfo="${pkg_dir}/.SRCINFO"

@@ -82,6 +106,9 @@ awk \
    found_pkgver = 0
    found_sha_block = 0
  }
+  {
+    sub(/\r$/, "")
+  }
  /^pkgver=/ {
    print "pkgver=" version
    found_pkgver = 1
@@ -140,6 +167,9 @@ awk \
    found_source_wrapper = 0
    found_source_assets = 0
  }
+  {
+    sub(/\r$/, "")
+  }
  /^\tpkgver = / {
    print "\tpkgver = " version
    found_pkgver = 1
--- a/scripts/update-aur-package.test.ts
+++ b/scripts/update-aur-package.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import { execFileSync, spawnSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import crypto from 'node:crypto';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import os from 'node:os';
 import path from 'node:path';
@@ -9,6 +10,23 @@ function createWorkspace(name: string): string {
  return fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), `${name}-`));
 }

+function toBashPath(filePath: string): string {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') return filePath;
+
+  const normalized = filePath.replace(/\\/g, '/');
+  const match = normalized.match(/^([A-Za-z]):\/(.*)$/);
+  if (!match) return normalized;
+
+  const drive = match[1]!;
+  const rest = match[2]!;
+  const probe = spawnSync('bash', ['-c', 'uname -s'], { encoding: 'utf8' });
+  if (probe.status === 0 && /linux/i.test(probe.stdout)) {
+    return `/mnt/${drive.toLowerCase()}/${rest}`;
+  }
+
+  return `${drive.toUpperCase()}:/${rest}`;
+}
+
 test('update-aur-package updates PKGBUILD and .SRCINFO without makepkg', () => {
  const workspace = createWorkspace('subminer-aur-package');
  const pkgDir = path.join(workspace, 'aur-subminer-bin');
@@ -29,15 +47,15 @@ test('update-aur-package updates PKGBUILD and .SRCINFO without makepkg', () => {
      [
        'scripts/update-aur-package.sh',
        '--pkg-dir',
-        pkgDir,
+        toBashPath(pkgDir),
        '--version',
        'v0.6.3',
        '--appimage',
-        appImagePath,
+        toBashPath(appImagePath),
        '--wrapper',
-        wrapperPath,
+        toBashPath(wrapperPath),
        '--assets',
-        assetsPath,
+        toBashPath(assetsPath),
      ],
      {
        cwd: process.cwd(),
@@ -47,8 +65,8 @@ test('update-aur-package updates PKGBUILD and .SRCINFO without makepkg', () => {

    const pkgbuild = fs.readFileSync(path.join(pkgDir, 'PKGBUILD'), 'utf8');
    const srcinfo = fs.readFileSync(path.join(pkgDir, '.SRCINFO'), 'utf8');
-    const expectedSums = [appImagePath, wrapperPath, assetsPath].map(
-      (filePath) => execFileSync('sha256sum', [filePath], { encoding: 'utf8' }).split(/\s+/)[0],
+    const expectedSums = [appImagePath, wrapperPath, assetsPath].map((filePath) =>
+      crypto.createHash('sha256').update(fs.readFileSync(filePath)).digest('hex'),
    );

    assert.match(pkgbuild, /^pkgver=0\.6\.3$/m);
--- a/src/cli/args.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/args.test.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,50 @@ test('parseArgs captures youtube startup forwarding flags', () => {
  assert.equal(shouldStartApp(args), true);
 });

+test('parseArgs captures session action forwarding flags', () => {
+  const args = parseArgs([
+    '--toggle-stats-overlay',
+    '--open-jimaku',
+    '--open-youtube-picker',
+    '--open-playlist-browser',
+    '--replay-current-subtitle',
+    '--play-next-subtitle',
+    '--shift-sub-delay-prev-line',
+    '--shift-sub-delay-next-line',
+    '--cycle-runtime-option',
+    'anki.autoUpdateNewCards:prev',
+    '--copy-subtitle-count',
+    '3',
+    '--mine-sentence-count=2',
+  ]);
+
+  assert.equal(args.toggleStatsOverlay, true);
+  assert.equal(args.openJimaku, true);
+  assert.equal(args.openYoutubePicker, true);
+  assert.equal(args.openPlaylistBrowser, true);
+  assert.equal(args.replayCurrentSubtitle, true);
+  assert.equal(args.playNextSubtitle, true);
+  assert.equal(args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine, true);
+  assert.equal(args.shiftSubDelayNextLine, true);
+  assert.equal(args.cycleRuntimeOptionId, 'anki.autoUpdateNewCards');
+  assert.equal(args.cycleRuntimeOptionDirection, -1);
+  assert.equal(args.copySubtitleCount, 3);
+  assert.equal(args.mineSentenceCount, 2);
+  assert.equal(hasExplicitCommand(args), true);
+  assert.equal(shouldStartApp(args), true);
+});
+
+test('parseArgs ignores non-positive numeric session action counts', () => {
+  const args = parseArgs([
+    '--copy-subtitle-count=0',
+    '--mine-sentence-count',
+    '-1',
+  ]);
+
+  assert.equal(args.copySubtitleCount, undefined);
+  assert.equal(args.mineSentenceCount, undefined);
+});
+
 test('youtube playback does not use generic overlay-runtime bootstrap classification', () => {
  const args = parseArgs(['--youtube-play', 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc']);

@@ -172,6 +216,21 @@ test('hasExplicitCommand and shouldStartApp preserve command intent', () => {
  assert.equal(hasExplicitCommand(anilistRetryQueue), true);
  assert.equal(shouldStartApp(anilistRetryQueue), false);

+  const toggleStatsOverlay = parseArgs(['--toggle-stats-overlay']);
+  assert.equal(toggleStatsOverlay.toggleStatsOverlay, true);
+  assert.equal(hasExplicitCommand(toggleStatsOverlay), true);
+  assert.equal(shouldStartApp(toggleStatsOverlay), true);
+
+  const cycleRuntimeOption = parseArgs([
+    '--cycle-runtime-option',
+    'anki.autoUpdateNewCards:next',
+  ]);
+  assert.equal(cycleRuntimeOption.cycleRuntimeOptionId, 'anki.autoUpdateNewCards');
+  assert.equal(cycleRuntimeOption.cycleRuntimeOptionDirection, 1);
+  assert.equal(hasExplicitCommand(cycleRuntimeOption), true);
+  assert.equal(shouldStartApp(cycleRuntimeOption), true);
+  assert.equal(commandNeedsOverlayRuntime(cycleRuntimeOption), true);
+
  const dictionary = parseArgs(['--dictionary']);
  assert.equal(dictionary.dictionary, true);
  assert.equal(hasExplicitCommand(dictionary), true);
--- a/src/cli/args.ts
+++ b/src/cli/args.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,23 @@ export interface CliArgs {
  triggerFieldGrouping: boolean;
  triggerSubsync: boolean;
  markAudioCard: boolean;
+  toggleStatsOverlay: boolean;
+  toggleSubtitleSidebar: boolean;
  openRuntimeOptions: boolean;
+  openSessionHelp: boolean;
+  openControllerSelect: boolean;
+  openControllerDebug: boolean;
+  openJimaku: boolean;
+  openYoutubePicker: boolean;
+  openPlaylistBrowser: boolean;
+  replayCurrentSubtitle: boolean;
+  playNextSubtitle: boolean;
+  shiftSubDelayPrevLine: boolean;
+  shiftSubDelayNextLine: boolean;
+  cycleRuntimeOptionId?: string;
+  cycleRuntimeOptionDirection?: 1 | -1;
+  copySubtitleCount?: number;
+  mineSentenceCount?: number;
  anilistStatus: boolean;
  anilistLogout: boolean;
  anilistSetup: boolean;
@@ -102,7 +118,19 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
    triggerFieldGrouping: false,
    triggerSubsync: false,
    markAudioCard: false,
+    toggleStatsOverlay: false,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: false,
    openRuntimeOptions: false,
+    openSessionHelp: false,
+    openControllerSelect: false,
+    openControllerDebug: false,
+    openJimaku: false,
+    openYoutubePicker: false,
+    openPlaylistBrowser: false,
+    replayCurrentSubtitle: false,
+    playNextSubtitle: false,
+    shiftSubDelayPrevLine: false,
+    shiftSubDelayNextLine: false,
    anilistStatus: false,
    anilistLogout: false,
    anilistSetup: false,
@@ -138,6 +166,24 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
    return value;
  };

+  const parseCycleRuntimeOption = (
+    value: string | undefined,
+  ): { id: string; direction: 1 | -1 } | null => {
+    if (!value) return null;
+    const separatorIndex = value.lastIndexOf(':');
+    if (separatorIndex <= 0 || separatorIndex === value.length - 1) return null;
+    const id = value.slice(0, separatorIndex).trim();
+    const rawDirection = value.slice(separatorIndex + 1).trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (!id) return null;
+    if (rawDirection === 'next' || rawDirection === '1') {
+      return { id, direction: 1 };
+    }
+    if (rawDirection === 'prev' || rawDirection === '-1') {
+      return { id, direction: -1 };
+    }
+    return null;
+  };
+
  for (let i = 0; i < argv.length; i += 1) {
    const arg = argv[i];
    if (!arg || !arg.startsWith('--')) continue;
@@ -179,8 +225,44 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
    else if (arg === '--trigger-field-grouping') args.triggerFieldGrouping = true;
    else if (arg === '--trigger-subsync') args.triggerSubsync = true;
    else if (arg === '--mark-audio-card') args.markAudioCard = true;
+    else if (arg === '--toggle-stats-overlay') args.toggleStatsOverlay = true;
+    else if (arg === '--toggle-subtitle-sidebar') args.toggleSubtitleSidebar = true;
    else if (arg === '--open-runtime-options') args.openRuntimeOptions = true;
-    else if (arg === '--anilist-status') args.anilistStatus = true;
+    else if (arg === '--open-session-help') args.openSessionHelp = true;
+    else if (arg === '--open-controller-select') args.openControllerSelect = true;
+    else if (arg === '--open-controller-debug') args.openControllerDebug = true;
+    else if (arg === '--open-jimaku') args.openJimaku = true;
+    else if (arg === '--open-youtube-picker') args.openYoutubePicker = true;
+    else if (arg === '--open-playlist-browser') args.openPlaylistBrowser = true;
+    else if (arg === '--replay-current-subtitle') args.replayCurrentSubtitle = true;
+    else if (arg === '--play-next-subtitle') args.playNextSubtitle = true;
+    else if (arg === '--shift-sub-delay-prev-line') args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine = true;
+    else if (arg === '--shift-sub-delay-next-line') args.shiftSubDelayNextLine = true;
+    else if (arg.startsWith('--cycle-runtime-option=')) {
+      const parsed = parseCycleRuntimeOption(arg.split('=', 2)[1]);
+      if (parsed) {
+        args.cycleRuntimeOptionId = parsed.id;
+        args.cycleRuntimeOptionDirection = parsed.direction;
+      }
+    } else if (arg === '--cycle-runtime-option') {
+      const parsed = parseCycleRuntimeOption(readValue(argv[i + 1]));
+      if (parsed) {
+        args.cycleRuntimeOptionId = parsed.id;
+        args.cycleRuntimeOptionDirection = parsed.direction;
+      }
+    } else if (arg.startsWith('--copy-subtitle-count=')) {
+      const value = Number(arg.split('=', 2)[1]);
+      if (Number.isInteger(value) && value > 0) args.copySubtitleCount = value;
+    } else if (arg === '--copy-subtitle-count') {
+      const value = Number(readValue(argv[i + 1]));
+      if (Number.isInteger(value) && value > 0) args.copySubtitleCount = value;
+    } else if (arg.startsWith('--mine-sentence-count=')) {
+      const value = Number(arg.split('=', 2)[1]);
+      if (Number.isInteger(value) && value > 0) args.mineSentenceCount = value;
+    } else if (arg === '--mine-sentence-count') {
+      const value = Number(readValue(argv[i + 1]));
+      if (Number.isInteger(value) && value > 0) args.mineSentenceCount = value;
+    } else if (arg === '--anilist-status') args.anilistStatus = true;
    else if (arg === '--anilist-logout') args.anilistLogout = true;
    else if (arg === '--anilist-setup') args.anilistSetup = true;
    else if (arg === '--anilist-retry-queue') args.anilistRetryQueue = true;
@@ -371,7 +453,22 @@ export function hasExplicitCommand(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    args.triggerFieldGrouping ||
    args.triggerSubsync ||
    args.markAudioCard ||
+    args.toggleStatsOverlay ||
+    args.toggleSubtitleSidebar ||
    args.openRuntimeOptions ||
+    args.openSessionHelp ||
+    args.openControllerSelect ||
+    args.openControllerDebug ||
+    args.openJimaku ||
+    args.openYoutubePicker ||
+    args.openPlaylistBrowser ||
+    args.replayCurrentSubtitle ||
+    args.playNextSubtitle ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayNextLine ||
+    args.cycleRuntimeOptionId !== undefined ||
+    args.copySubtitleCount !== undefined ||
+    args.mineSentenceCount !== undefined ||
    args.anilistStatus ||
    args.anilistLogout ||
    args.anilistSetup ||
@@ -423,7 +520,22 @@ export function isStandaloneTexthookerCommand(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    !args.triggerFieldGrouping &&
    !args.triggerSubsync &&
    !args.markAudioCard &&
+    !args.toggleStatsOverlay &&
+    !args.toggleSubtitleSidebar &&
    !args.openRuntimeOptions &&
+    !args.openSessionHelp &&
+    !args.openControllerSelect &&
+    !args.openControllerDebug &&
+    !args.openJimaku &&
+    !args.openYoutubePicker &&
+    !args.openPlaylistBrowser &&
+    !args.replayCurrentSubtitle &&
+    !args.playNextSubtitle &&
+    !args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine &&
+    !args.shiftSubDelayNextLine &&
+    args.cycleRuntimeOptionId === undefined &&
+    args.copySubtitleCount === undefined &&
+    args.mineSentenceCount === undefined &&
    !args.anilistStatus &&
    !args.anilistLogout &&
    !args.anilistSetup &&
@@ -466,7 +578,22 @@ export function shouldStartApp(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    args.triggerFieldGrouping ||
    args.triggerSubsync ||
    args.markAudioCard ||
+    args.toggleStatsOverlay ||
+    args.toggleSubtitleSidebar ||
    args.openRuntimeOptions ||
+    args.openSessionHelp ||
+    args.openControllerSelect ||
+    args.openControllerDebug ||
+    args.openJimaku ||
+    args.openYoutubePicker ||
+    args.openPlaylistBrowser ||
+    args.replayCurrentSubtitle ||
+    args.playNextSubtitle ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayNextLine ||
+    args.cycleRuntimeOptionId !== undefined ||
+    args.copySubtitleCount !== undefined ||
+    args.mineSentenceCount !== undefined ||
    args.dictionary ||
    args.stats ||
    args.jellyfin ||
@@ -504,7 +631,22 @@ export function shouldRunSettingsOnlyStartup(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    !args.triggerFieldGrouping &&
    !args.triggerSubsync &&
    !args.markAudioCard &&
+    !args.toggleStatsOverlay &&
+    !args.toggleSubtitleSidebar &&
    !args.openRuntimeOptions &&
+    !args.openSessionHelp &&
+    !args.openControllerSelect &&
+    !args.openControllerDebug &&
+    !args.openJimaku &&
+    !args.openYoutubePicker &&
+    !args.openPlaylistBrowser &&
+    !args.replayCurrentSubtitle &&
+    !args.playNextSubtitle &&
+    !args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine &&
+    !args.shiftSubDelayNextLine &&
+    args.cycleRuntimeOptionId === undefined &&
+    args.copySubtitleCount === undefined &&
+    args.mineSentenceCount === undefined &&
    !args.anilistStatus &&
    !args.anilistLogout &&
    !args.anilistSetup &&
@@ -544,10 +686,24 @@ export function commandNeedsOverlayRuntime(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    args.mineSentenceMultiple ||
    args.updateLastCardFromClipboard ||
    args.toggleSecondarySub ||
+    args.toggleSubtitleSidebar ||
    args.triggerFieldGrouping ||
    args.triggerSubsync ||
    args.markAudioCard ||
-    args.openRuntimeOptions
+    args.openRuntimeOptions ||
+    args.openSessionHelp ||
+    args.openControllerSelect ||
+    args.openControllerDebug ||
+    args.openJimaku ||
+    args.openYoutubePicker ||
+    args.openPlaylistBrowser ||
+    args.replayCurrentSubtitle ||
+    args.playNextSubtitle ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayNextLine ||
+    args.cycleRuntimeOptionId !== undefined ||
+    args.copySubtitleCount !== undefined ||
+    args.mineSentenceCount !== undefined
  );
 }

--- a/src/cli/help.ts
+++ b/src/cli/help.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,11 @@ ${B}Mining${R}
  --trigger-field-grouping       Run Kiku field grouping
  --trigger-subsync              Run subtitle sync
  --toggle-secondary-sub         Cycle secondary subtitle mode
+  --toggle-subtitle-sidebar      Toggle subtitle sidebar panel
  --open-runtime-options         Open runtime options palette
+  --open-session-help            Open session help modal
+  --open-controller-select       Open controller select modal
+  --open-controller-debug        Open controller debug modal

 ${B}AniList${R}
  --anilist-setup                Open AniList authentication flow
--- a/src/config/definitions/defaults-core.ts
+++ b/src/config/definitions/defaults-core.ts
@@ -88,6 +88,10 @@ export const CORE_DEFAULT_CONFIG: Pick<
    markAudioCard: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+A',
    openRuntimeOptions: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+O',
    openJimaku: 'Ctrl+Shift+J',
+    openSessionHelp: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+H',
+    openControllerSelect: 'Alt+C',
+    openControllerDebug: 'Alt+Shift+C',
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: '\\',
  },
  secondarySub: {
    secondarySubLanguages: [],
--- a/src/core/services/app-lifecycle.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/app-lifecycle.test.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,21 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    triggerFieldGrouping: false,
    triggerSubsync: false,
    markAudioCard: false,
+    toggleStatsOverlay: false,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: false,
    openRuntimeOptions: false,
+    openSessionHelp: false,
+    openControllerSelect: false,
+    openControllerDebug: false,
+    openJimaku: false,
+    openYoutubePicker: false,
+    openPlaylistBrowser: false,
+    replayCurrentSubtitle: false,
+    playNextSubtitle: false,
+    shiftSubDelayPrevLine: false,
+    shiftSubDelayNextLine: false,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionId: undefined,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionDirection: undefined,
    anilistStatus: false,
    anilistLogout: false,
    anilistSetup: false,
--- a/src/core/services/app-ready.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/app-ready.test.ts
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ test('runAppReadyRuntime starts websocket in auto mode when plugin missing', asy
  );
  assert.ok(calls.includes('startBackgroundWarmups'));
  assert.ok(
-    calls.includes(
-      'log:Runtime ready: immersion tracker startup deferred until first media activity.',
-    ),
+    calls.includes('log:Runtime ready: immersion tracker startup requested.'),
  );
 });

@@ -103,6 +101,17 @@ test('runAppReadyRuntime starts texthooker on startup when enabled in config', a
  );
 });

+test('runAppReadyRuntime creates immersion tracker during heavy startup', async () => {
+  const { deps, calls } = makeDeps({
+    shouldAutoInitializeOverlayRuntimeFromConfig: () => false,
+  });
+
+  await runAppReadyRuntime(deps);
+
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('createImmersionTracker'));
+  assert.ok(calls.indexOf('createImmersionTracker') < calls.indexOf('handleInitialArgs'));
+});
+
 test('runAppReadyRuntime keeps annotation websocket enabled when regular websocket auto-skips', async () => {
  const { deps, calls } = makeDeps({
    getResolvedConfig: () => ({
--- a/src/core/services/cli-command.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/cli-command.test.ts
@@ -29,8 +29,22 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    triggerFieldGrouping: false,
    triggerSubsync: false,
    markAudioCard: false,
+    toggleStatsOverlay: false,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: false,
    refreshKnownWords: false,
    openRuntimeOptions: false,
+    openSessionHelp: false,
+    openControllerSelect: false,
+    openControllerDebug: false,
+    openJimaku: false,
+    openYoutubePicker: false,
+    openPlaylistBrowser: false,
+    replayCurrentSubtitle: false,
+    playNextSubtitle: false,
+    shiftSubDelayPrevLine: false,
+    shiftSubDelayNextLine: false,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionId: undefined,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionDirection: undefined,
    anilistStatus: false,
    anilistLogout: false,
    anilistSetup: false,
@@ -143,6 +157,9 @@ function createDeps(overrides: Partial<CliCommandServiceDeps> = {}) {
    openRuntimeOptionsPalette: () => {
      calls.push('openRuntimeOptionsPalette');
    },
+    dispatchSessionAction: async () => {
+      calls.push('dispatchSessionAction');
+    },
    getAnilistStatus: () => ({
      tokenStatus: 'resolved',
      tokenSource: 'stored',
@@ -499,6 +516,7 @@ test('handleCliCommand handles visibility and utility command dispatches', () =>
      expected: 'startPendingMineSentenceMultiple:2500',
    },
    { args: { toggleSecondarySub: true }, expected: 'cycleSecondarySubMode' },
+    { args: { toggleStatsOverlay: true }, expected: 'dispatchSessionAction' },
    {
      args: { openRuntimeOptions: true },
      expected: 'openRuntimeOptionsPalette',
@@ -518,6 +536,33 @@ test('handleCliCommand handles visibility and utility command dispatches', () =>
  }
 });

+test('handleCliCommand dispatches cycle-runtime-option session action', async () => {
+  let request: unknown = null;
+  const { deps } = createDeps({
+    dispatchSessionAction: async (nextRequest) => {
+      request = nextRequest;
+    },
+  });
+
+  handleCliCommand(
+    makeArgs({
+      cycleRuntimeOptionId: 'anki.autoUpdateNewCards',
+      cycleRuntimeOptionDirection: -1,
+    }),
+    'initial',
+    deps,
+  );
+  await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+
+  assert.deepEqual(request, {
+    actionId: 'cycleRuntimeOption',
+    payload: {
+      runtimeOptionId: 'anki.autoUpdateNewCards',
+      direction: -1,
+    },
+  });
+});
+
 test('handleCliCommand logs AniList status details', () => {
  const { deps, calls } = createDeps();
  handleCliCommand(makeArgs({ anilistStatus: true }), 'initial', deps);
--- a/src/core/services/cli-command.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/cli-command.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { CliArgs, CliCommandSource, commandNeedsOverlayRuntime } from '../../cli/args';
+import type { SessionActionDispatchRequest } from '../../types/runtime';

 export interface CliCommandServiceDeps {
  setLogLevel?: (level: NonNullable<CliArgs['logLevel']>) => void;
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ export interface CliCommandServiceDeps {
  triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => Promise<void>;
  markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => Promise<void>;
  openRuntimeOptionsPalette: () => void;
+  dispatchSessionAction: (request: SessionActionDispatchRequest) => Promise<void>;
  getAnilistStatus: () => {
    tokenStatus: 'not_checked' | 'resolved' | 'error';
    tokenSource: 'none' | 'literal' | 'stored';
@@ -168,6 +170,7 @@ export interface CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions {
  };
  ui: UiCliRuntime;
  app: AppCliRuntime;
+  dispatchSessionAction: (request: SessionActionDispatchRequest) => Promise<void>;
  getMultiCopyTimeoutMs: () => number;
  schedule: (fn: () => void, delayMs: number) => unknown;
  log: (message: string) => void;
@@ -226,6 +229,7 @@ export function createCliCommandDepsRuntime(
    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: options.mining.triggerSubsyncFromConfig,
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: options.mining.markLastCardAsAudioCard,
    openRuntimeOptionsPalette: options.ui.openRuntimeOptionsPalette,
+    dispatchSessionAction: options.dispatchSessionAction,
    getAnilistStatus: options.anilist.getStatus,
    clearAnilistToken: options.anilist.clearToken,
    openAnilistSetup: options.anilist.openSetup,
@@ -268,6 +272,19 @@ export function handleCliCommand(
  source: CliCommandSource = 'initial',
  deps: CliCommandServiceDeps,
 ): void {
+  const dispatchCliSessionAction = (
+    request: SessionActionDispatchRequest,
+    logLabel: string,
+    osdLabel: string,
+  ): void => {
+    runAsyncWithOsd(
+      () => deps.dispatchSessionAction?.(request) ?? Promise.resolve(),
+      deps,
+      logLabel,
+      osdLabel,
+    );
+  };
+
  if (args.logLevel) {
    deps.setLogLevel?.(args.logLevel);
  }
@@ -379,8 +396,100 @@ export function handleCliCommand(
      'markLastCardAsAudioCard',
      'Audio card failed',
    );
+  } else if (args.toggleStatsOverlay) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'toggleStatsOverlay' },
+      'toggleStatsOverlay',
+      'Stats toggle failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.toggleSubtitleSidebar) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'toggleSubtitleSidebar' },
+      'toggleSubtitleSidebar',
+      'Subtitle sidebar toggle failed',
+    );
  } else if (args.openRuntimeOptions) {
    deps.openRuntimeOptionsPalette();
+  } else if (args.openSessionHelp) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'openSessionHelp' },
+      'openSessionHelp',
+      'Open session help failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.openControllerSelect) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'openControllerSelect' },
+      'openControllerSelect',
+      'Open controller select failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.openControllerDebug) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'openControllerDebug' },
+      'openControllerDebug',
+      'Open controller debug failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.openJimaku) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction({ actionId: 'openJimaku' }, 'openJimaku', 'Open jimaku failed');
+  } else if (args.openYoutubePicker) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'openYoutubePicker' },
+      'openYoutubePicker',
+      'Open YouTube picker failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.openPlaylistBrowser) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'openPlaylistBrowser' },
+      'openPlaylistBrowser',
+      'Open playlist browser failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.replayCurrentSubtitle) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'replayCurrentSubtitle' },
+      'replayCurrentSubtitle',
+      'Replay subtitle failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.playNextSubtitle) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'playNextSubtitle' },
+      'playNextSubtitle',
+      'Play next subtitle failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'shiftSubDelayPrevLine' },
+      'shiftSubDelayPrevLine',
+      'Shift subtitle delay failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.shiftSubDelayNextLine) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'shiftSubDelayNextLine' },
+      'shiftSubDelayNextLine',
+      'Shift subtitle delay failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.cycleRuntimeOptionId !== undefined) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      {
+        actionId: 'cycleRuntimeOption',
+        payload: {
+          runtimeOptionId: args.cycleRuntimeOptionId,
+          direction: args.cycleRuntimeOptionDirection ?? 1,
+        },
+      },
+      'cycleRuntimeOption',
+      'Runtime option change failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.copySubtitleCount !== undefined) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'copySubtitleMultiple', payload: { count: args.copySubtitleCount } },
+      'copySubtitleMultiple',
+      'Copy failed',
+    );
+  } else if (args.mineSentenceCount !== undefined) {
+    dispatchCliSessionAction(
+      { actionId: 'mineSentenceMultiple', payload: { count: args.mineSentenceCount } },
+      'mineSentenceMultiple',
+      'Mine sentence failed',
+    );
  } else if (args.anilistStatus) {
    const status = deps.getAnilistStatus();
    deps.log(`AniList token status: ${status.tokenStatus} (source=${status.tokenSource})`);
--- a/src/core/services/index.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/index.ts
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ export {
  createOverlayWindow,
  enforceOverlayLayerOrder,
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel,
+  isOverlayWindowContentReady,
  syncOverlayWindowLayer,
  updateOverlayWindowBounds,
 } from './overlay-window';
--- a/src/core/services/ipc.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/ipc.test.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@ import assert from 'node:assert/strict';

 import { createIpcDepsRuntime, registerIpcHandlers, type IpcServiceDeps } from './ipc';
 import { IPC_CHANNELS } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
-import type { PlaylistBrowserSnapshot, SubtitleSidebarSnapshot } from '../../types';
+import type {
+  PlaylistBrowserSnapshot,
+  SessionActionDispatchRequest,
+  SubtitleSidebarSnapshot,
+} from '../../types';

 interface FakeIpcRegistrar {
  on: Map<string, (event: unknown, ...args: unknown[]) => void>;
@@ -127,7 +131,9 @@ function createRegisterIpcDeps(overrides: Partial<IpcServiceDeps> = {}): IpcServ
    setMecabEnabled: () => {},
    handleMpvCommand: () => {},
    getKeybindings: () => [],
+    getSessionBindings: () => [],
    getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}),
+    dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
    getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
    getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
    getControllerConfig: () => createControllerConfigFixture(),
@@ -226,7 +232,9 @@ test('createIpcDepsRuntime wires AniList handlers', async () => {
    getMecabTokenizer: () => null,
    handleMpvCommand: () => {},
    getKeybindings: () => [],
+    getSessionBindings: () => [],
    getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}),
+    dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
    getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
    getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
    getControllerConfig: () => createControllerConfigFixture(),
@@ -382,7 +390,9 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers rejects malformed runtime-option payloads', async () =
      setMecabEnabled: () => {},
      handleMpvCommand: () => {},
      getKeybindings: () => [],
+      getSessionBindings: () => [],
      getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}),
+      dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
      getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
      getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
      getControllerConfig: () => createControllerConfigFixture(),
@@ -707,7 +717,9 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers ignores malformed fire-and-forget payloads', () => {
      setMecabEnabled: () => {},
      handleMpvCommand: () => {},
      getKeybindings: () => [],
+      getSessionBindings: () => [],
      getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}),
+      dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
      getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
      getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
      getControllerConfig: () => createControllerConfigFixture(),
@@ -786,7 +798,9 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers awaits saveControllerPreference through request-respon
      setMecabEnabled: () => {},
      handleMpvCommand: () => {},
      getKeybindings: () => [],
+      getSessionBindings: () => [],
      getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}),
+      dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
      getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
      getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
      getControllerConfig: () => createControllerConfigFixture(),
@@ -850,6 +864,55 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers awaits saveControllerPreference through request-respon
  ]);
 });

+test('registerIpcHandlers validates dispatchSessionAction payloads', async () => {
+  const { registrar, handlers } = createFakeIpcRegistrar();
+  const dispatched: SessionActionDispatchRequest[] = [];
+  registerIpcHandlers(
+    createRegisterIpcDeps({
+      dispatchSessionAction: async (request) => {
+        dispatched.push(request);
+      },
+    }),
+    registrar,
+  );
+
+  const dispatchHandler = handlers.handle.get(IPC_CHANNELS.command.dispatchSessionAction);
+  assert.ok(dispatchHandler);
+
+  await assert.rejects(async () => {
+    await dispatchHandler!({}, { actionId: 'cycleRuntimeOption', payload: { direction: 1 } });
+  }, /Invalid session action payload/);
+  await assert.rejects(async () => {
+    await dispatchHandler!({}, { actionId: 'unknown-action' });
+  }, /Invalid session action payload/);
+
+  await dispatchHandler!({}, {
+    actionId: 'copySubtitleMultiple',
+    payload: { count: 3 },
+  });
+  await dispatchHandler!({}, {
+    actionId: 'cycleRuntimeOption',
+    payload: {
+      runtimeOptionId: 'anki.autoUpdateNewCards',
+      direction: -1,
+    },
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(dispatched, [
+    {
+      actionId: 'copySubtitleMultiple',
+      payload: { count: 3 },
+    },
+    {
+      actionId: 'cycleRuntimeOption',
+      payload: {
+        runtimeOptionId: 'anki.autoUpdateNewCards',
+        direction: -1,
+      },
+    },
+  ]);
+});
+
 test('registerIpcHandlers rejects malformed controller preference payloads', async () => {
  const { registrar, handlers } = createFakeIpcRegistrar();
  registerIpcHandlers(
@@ -872,7 +935,9 @@ test('registerIpcHandlers rejects malformed controller preference payloads', asy
      setMecabEnabled: () => {},
      handleMpvCommand: () => {},
      getKeybindings: () => [],
+      getSessionBindings: () => [],
      getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}),
+      dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
      getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
      getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
      getControllerConfig: () => createControllerConfigFixture(),
--- a/src/core/services/ipc.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/ipc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import electron from 'electron';
-import type { IpcMainEvent } from 'electron';
+import type { BrowserWindow as ElectronBrowserWindow, IpcMainEvent } from 'electron';
 import type {
+  CompiledSessionBinding,
  ControllerConfigUpdate,
  PlaylistBrowserMutationResult,
  PlaylistBrowserSnapshot,
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import type {
  SubtitlePosition,
  SubsyncManualRunRequest,
  SubsyncResult,
+  SessionActionDispatchRequest,
  YoutubePickerResolveRequest,
  YoutubePickerResolveResult,
 } from '../../types';
@@ -25,16 +27,23 @@ import {
  parseRuntimeOptionDirection,
  parseRuntimeOptionId,
  parseRuntimeOptionValue,
+  parseSessionActionDispatchRequest,
  parseSubtitlePosition,
  parseSubsyncManualRunRequest,
  parseYoutubePickerResolveRequest,
 } from '../../shared/ipc/validators';

-const { BrowserWindow, ipcMain } = electron;
+const { ipcMain } = electron;

 export interface IpcServiceDeps {
-  onOverlayModalClosed: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
-  onOverlayModalOpened?: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
+  onOverlayModalClosed: (
+    modal: OverlayHostedModal,
+    senderWindow: ElectronBrowserWindow | null,
+  ) => void;
+  onOverlayModalOpened?: (
+    modal: OverlayHostedModal,
+    senderWindow: ElectronBrowserWindow | null,
+  ) => void;
  openYomitanSettings: () => void;
  quitApp: () => void;
  toggleDevTools: () => void;
@@ -56,7 +65,9 @@ export interface IpcServiceDeps {
  setMecabEnabled: (enabled: boolean) => void;
  handleMpvCommand: (command: Array<string | number>) => void;
  getKeybindings: () => unknown;
+  getSessionBindings?: () => CompiledSessionBinding[];
  getConfiguredShortcuts: () => unknown;
+  dispatchSessionAction?: (request: SessionActionDispatchRequest) => void | Promise<void>;
  getStatsToggleKey: () => string;
  getMarkWatchedKey: () => string;
  getControllerConfig: () => ResolvedControllerConfig;
@@ -153,8 +164,14 @@ interface IpcMainRegistrar {
 export interface IpcDepsRuntimeOptions {
  getMainWindow: () => WindowLike | null;
  getVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => boolean;
-  onOverlayModalClosed: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
-  onOverlayModalOpened?: (modal: OverlayHostedModal) => void;
+  onOverlayModalClosed: (
+    modal: OverlayHostedModal,
+    senderWindow: ElectronBrowserWindow | null,
+  ) => void;
+  onOverlayModalOpened?: (
+    modal: OverlayHostedModal,
+    senderWindow: ElectronBrowserWindow | null,
+  ) => void;
  openYomitanSettings: () => void;
  quitApp: () => void;
  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
@@ -169,7 +186,9 @@ export interface IpcDepsRuntimeOptions {
  getMecabTokenizer: () => MecabTokenizerLike | null;
  handleMpvCommand: (command: Array<string | number>) => void;
  getKeybindings: () => unknown;
+  getSessionBindings?: () => CompiledSessionBinding[];
  getConfiguredShortcuts: () => unknown;
+  dispatchSessionAction?: (request: SessionActionDispatchRequest) => void | Promise<void>;
  getStatsToggleKey: () => string;
  getMarkWatchedKey: () => string;
  getControllerConfig: () => ResolvedControllerConfig;
@@ -238,7 +257,9 @@ export function createIpcDepsRuntime(options: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions): IpcService
    },
    handleMpvCommand: options.handleMpvCommand,
    getKeybindings: options.getKeybindings,
+    getSessionBindings: options.getSessionBindings ?? (() => []),
    getConfiguredShortcuts: options.getConfiguredShortcuts,
+    dispatchSessionAction: options.dispatchSessionAction ?? (async () => {}),
    getStatsToggleKey: options.getStatsToggleKey,
    getMarkWatchedKey: options.getMarkWatchedKey,
    getControllerConfig: options.getControllerConfig,
@@ -299,23 +320,28 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
    (event: unknown, ignore: unknown, options: unknown = {}) => {
      if (typeof ignore !== 'boolean') return;
      const parsedOptions = parseOptionalForwardingOptions(options);
-      const senderWindow = BrowserWindow.fromWebContents((event as IpcMainEvent).sender);
+      const senderWindow =
+        electron.BrowserWindow?.fromWebContents((event as IpcMainEvent).sender) ?? null;
      if (senderWindow && !senderWindow.isDestroyed()) {
        senderWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(ignore, parsedOptions);
      }
    },
  );

-  ipc.on(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalClosed, (_event: unknown, modal: unknown) => {
+  ipc.on(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalClosed, (event: unknown, modal: unknown) => {
    const parsedModal = parseOverlayHostedModal(modal);
    if (!parsedModal) return;
-    deps.onOverlayModalClosed(parsedModal);
+    const senderWindow =
+      electron.BrowserWindow?.fromWebContents((event as IpcMainEvent).sender) ?? null;
+    deps.onOverlayModalClosed(parsedModal, senderWindow);
  });
-  ipc.on(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalOpened, (_event: unknown, modal: unknown) => {
+  ipc.on(IPC_CHANNELS.command.overlayModalOpened, (event: unknown, modal: unknown) => {
    const parsedModal = parseOverlayHostedModal(modal);
    if (!parsedModal) return;
    if (!deps.onOverlayModalOpened) return;
-    deps.onOverlayModalOpened(parsedModal);
+    const senderWindow =
+      electron.BrowserWindow?.fromWebContents((event as IpcMainEvent).sender) ?? null;
+    deps.onOverlayModalOpened(parsedModal, senderWindow);
  });

  ipc.handle(
@@ -431,10 +457,25 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(deps: IpcServiceDeps, ipc: IpcMainRegistrar
    deps.handleMpvCommand(parsedCommand);
  });

+  ipc.handle(
+    IPC_CHANNELS.command.dispatchSessionAction,
+    async (_event: unknown, request: unknown) => {
+      const parsedRequest = parseSessionActionDispatchRequest(request);
+      if (!parsedRequest) {
+        throw new Error('Invalid session action payload');
+      }
+      await deps.dispatchSessionAction?.(parsedRequest);
+    },
+  );
+
  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getKeybindings, () => {
    return deps.getKeybindings();
  });

+  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getSessionBindings, () => {
+    return deps.getSessionBindings?.() ?? [];
+  });
+
  ipc.handle(IPC_CHANNELS.request.getConfigShortcuts, () => {
    return deps.getConfiguredShortcuts();
  });
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-runtime-init.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-runtime-init.test.ts
@@ -443,3 +443,214 @@ test('initializeOverlayRuntime refreshes visible overlay when tracker focus chan

  assert.equal(visibilityRefreshCalls, 2);
 });
+
+test('initializeOverlayRuntime refreshes the current subtitle when tracker finds the target window again', () => {
+  let subtitleRefreshCalls = 0;
+  const tracker = {
+    onGeometryChange: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowFound: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowLost: null as (() => void) | null,
+    onWindowFocusChange: null as ((focused: boolean) => void) | null,
+    start: () => {},
+  };
+
+  initializeOverlayRuntime({
+    backendOverride: null,
+    createMainWindow: () => {},
+    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {},
+    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
+    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => {
+      subtitleRefreshCalls += 1;
+    },
+    getOverlayWindows: () => [],
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {},
+    setWindowTracker: () => {},
+    getMpvSocketPath: () => '/tmp/mpv.sock',
+    createWindowTracker: () => tracker as never,
+    getResolvedConfig: () => ({
+      ankiConnect: { enabled: false } as never,
+    }),
+    getSubtitleTimingTracker: () => null,
+    getMpvClient: () => null,
+    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => null,
+    setAnkiIntegration: () => {},
+    showDesktopNotification: () => {},
+    createFieldGroupingCallback: () => async () => ({
+      keepNoteId: 1,
+      deleteNoteId: 2,
+      deleteDuplicate: false,
+      cancelled: false,
+    }),
+    getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => '/tmp/known-words-cache.json',
+  });
+
+  tracker.onWindowFound?.({ x: 100, y: 200, width: 1280, height: 720 });
+
+  assert.equal(subtitleRefreshCalls, 1);
+});
+
+test('initializeOverlayRuntime hides overlay windows when tracker loses the target window', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const tracker = {
+    onGeometryChange: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowFound: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowLost: null as (() => void) | null,
+    onWindowFocusChange: null as ((focused: boolean) => void) | null,
+    isTargetWindowMinimized: () => true,
+    start: () => {},
+  };
+  const overlayWindows = [
+    {
+      hide: () => calls.push('hide-visible'),
+    },
+    {
+      hide: () => calls.push('hide-modal'),
+    },
+  ];
+
+  initializeOverlayRuntime({
+    backendOverride: null,
+    createMainWindow: () => {},
+    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {},
+    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
+    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {},
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => {},
+    getOverlayWindows: () => overlayWindows as never,
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    setWindowTracker: () => {},
+    getMpvSocketPath: () => '/tmp/mpv.sock',
+    createWindowTracker: () => tracker as never,
+    getResolvedConfig: () => ({
+      ankiConnect: { enabled: false } as never,
+    }),
+    getSubtitleTimingTracker: () => null,
+    getMpvClient: () => null,
+    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => null,
+    setAnkiIntegration: () => {},
+    showDesktopNotification: () => {},
+    createFieldGroupingCallback: () => async () => ({
+      keepNoteId: 1,
+      deleteNoteId: 2,
+      deleteDuplicate: false,
+      cancelled: false,
+    }),
+    getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => '/tmp/known-words-cache.json',
+  });
+
+  tracker.onWindowLost?.();
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['hide-visible', 'hide-modal', 'sync-shortcuts']);
+});
+
+test('initializeOverlayRuntime hides visible overlay on Windows tracker loss when target is not minimized', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const tracker = {
+    onGeometryChange: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowFound: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowLost: null as (() => void) | null,
+    onWindowFocusChange: null as ((focused: boolean) => void) | null,
+    isTargetWindowMinimized: () => false,
+    start: () => {},
+  };
+  const overlayWindows = [
+    {
+      hide: () => calls.push('hide-visible'),
+    },
+  ];
+
+  initializeOverlayRuntime({
+    backendOverride: null,
+    createMainWindow: () => {},
+    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {},
+    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
+    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {
+      calls.push('update-visible');
+    },
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => {},
+    getOverlayWindows: () => overlayWindows as never,
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    setWindowTracker: () => {},
+    getMpvSocketPath: () => '/tmp/mpv.sock',
+    createWindowTracker: () => tracker as never,
+    getResolvedConfig: () => ({
+      ankiConnect: { enabled: false } as never,
+    }),
+    getSubtitleTimingTracker: () => null,
+    getMpvClient: () => null,
+    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => null,
+    setAnkiIntegration: () => {},
+    showDesktopNotification: () => {},
+    createFieldGroupingCallback: () => async () => ({
+      keepNoteId: 1,
+      deleteNoteId: 2,
+      deleteDuplicate: false,
+      cancelled: false,
+    }),
+    getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => '/tmp/known-words-cache.json',
+  });
+
+  calls.length = 0;
+  tracker.onWindowLost?.();
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['hide-visible', 'sync-shortcuts']);
+});
+
+test('initializeOverlayRuntime restores overlay bounds and visibility when tracker finds the target window again', () => {
+  const bounds: Array<{ x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number }> = [];
+  let visibilityRefreshCalls = 0;
+  const tracker = {
+    onGeometryChange: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowFound: null as ((...args: unknown[]) => void) | null,
+    onWindowLost: null as (() => void) | null,
+    onWindowFocusChange: null as ((focused: boolean) => void) | null,
+    start: () => {},
+  };
+
+  initializeOverlayRuntime({
+    backendOverride: null,
+    createMainWindow: () => {},
+    registerGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry) => {
+      bounds.push(geometry);
+    },
+    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
+    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => {
+      visibilityRefreshCalls += 1;
+    },
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => {},
+    getOverlayWindows: () => [],
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {},
+    setWindowTracker: () => {},
+    getMpvSocketPath: () => '/tmp/mpv.sock',
+    createWindowTracker: () => tracker as never,
+    getResolvedConfig: () => ({
+      ankiConnect: { enabled: false } as never,
+    }),
+    getSubtitleTimingTracker: () => null,
+    getMpvClient: () => null,
+    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => null,
+    setAnkiIntegration: () => {},
+    showDesktopNotification: () => {},
+    createFieldGroupingCallback: () => async () => ({
+      keepNoteId: 1,
+      deleteNoteId: 2,
+      deleteDuplicate: false,
+      cancelled: false,
+    }),
+    getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => '/tmp/known-words-cache.json',
+  });
+
+  const restoredGeometry = { x: 100, y: 200, width: 1280, height: 720 };
+  tracker.onWindowFound?.(restoredGeometry);
+
+  assert.deepEqual(bounds, [restoredGeometry]);
+  assert.equal(visibilityRefreshCalls, 2);
+});
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-runtime-init.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-runtime-init.ts
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
+  refreshCurrentSubtitle?: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -78,6 +79,8 @@ export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
    override?: string | null,
    targetMpvSocketPath?: string | null,
  ) => BaseWindowTracker | null;
+  bindOverlayOwner?: () => void;
+  releaseOverlayOwner?: () => void;
 }): void {
  options.createMainWindow();
  options.registerGlobalShortcuts();
@@ -94,11 +97,14 @@ export function initializeOverlayRuntime(options: {
    };
    windowTracker.onWindowFound = (geometry: WindowGeometry) => {
      options.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
+      options.bindOverlayOwner?.();
      if (options.isVisibleOverlayVisible()) {
        options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
+        options.refreshCurrentSubtitle?.();
      }
    };
    windowTracker.onWindowLost = () => {
+      options.releaseOverlayOwner?.();
      for (const window of options.getOverlayWindows()) {
        window.hide();
      }
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut-handler.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut-handler.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ import {
  OverlayShortcutRuntimeDeps,
  runOverlayShortcutLocalFallback,
 } from './overlay-shortcut-handler';
-import { shouldActivateOverlayShortcuts } from './overlay-shortcut';
+import {
+  registerOverlayShortcutsRuntime,
+  shouldActivateOverlayShortcuts,
+  unregisterOverlayShortcutsRuntime,
+} from './overlay-shortcut';

 function makeShortcuts(overrides: Partial<ConfiguredShortcuts> = {}): ConfiguredShortcuts {
  return {
@@ -23,6 +27,10 @@ function makeShortcuts(overrides: Partial<ConfiguredShortcuts> = {}): Configured
    markAudioCard: null,
    openRuntimeOptions: null,
    openJimaku: null,
+    openSessionHelp: null,
+    openControllerSelect: null,
+    openControllerDebug: null,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: null,
    ...overrides,
  };
 }
@@ -313,3 +321,59 @@ test('shouldActivateOverlayShortcuts preserves non-macOS behavior', () => {
    true,
  );
 });
+
+test('registerOverlayShortcutsRuntime reports active shortcuts when configured', () => {
+  const deps = {
+    getConfiguredShortcuts: () => makeShortcuts({ openJimaku: 'Ctrl+J' }),
+    getOverlayHandlers: () => ({
+      copySubtitle: () => {},
+      copySubtitleMultiple: () => {},
+      updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => {},
+      triggerFieldGrouping: () => {},
+      triggerSubsync: () => {},
+      mineSentence: () => {},
+      mineSentenceMultiple: () => {},
+      toggleSecondarySub: () => {},
+      markAudioCard: () => {},
+      openRuntimeOptions: () => {},
+      openJimaku: () => {},
+    }),
+    cancelPendingMultiCopy: () => {},
+    cancelPendingMineSentenceMultiple: () => {},
+  };
+
+  const result = registerOverlayShortcutsRuntime(deps);
+  assert.equal(result, true);
+  assert.equal(unregisterOverlayShortcutsRuntime(result, deps), false);
+});
+
+test('unregisterOverlayShortcutsRuntime clears pending shortcut work when active', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const deps = {
+    getConfiguredShortcuts: () => makeShortcuts({ openJimaku: 'Ctrl+J' }),
+    getOverlayHandlers: () => ({
+      copySubtitle: () => {},
+      copySubtitleMultiple: () => {},
+      updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => {},
+      triggerFieldGrouping: () => {},
+      triggerSubsync: () => {},
+      mineSentence: () => {},
+      mineSentenceMultiple: () => {},
+      toggleSecondarySub: () => {},
+      markAudioCard: () => {},
+      openRuntimeOptions: () => {},
+      openJimaku: () => {},
+    }),
+    cancelPendingMultiCopy: () => {
+      calls.push('cancel-multi-copy');
+    },
+    cancelPendingMineSentenceMultiple: () => {
+      calls.push('cancel-mine-sentence-multiple');
+    },
+  };
+
+  assert.equal(registerOverlayShortcutsRuntime(deps), true);
+  const result = unregisterOverlayShortcutsRuntime(true, deps);
+  assert.equal(result, false);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['cancel-multi-copy', 'cancel-mine-sentence-multiple']);
+});
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import type { ConfiguredShortcuts } from '../utils/shortcut-config';
+import {
+  registerOverlayShortcuts,
+  syncOverlayShortcutsRuntime,
+  unregisterOverlayShortcutsRuntime,
+} from './overlay-shortcut';
+
+function createShortcuts(overrides: Partial<ConfiguredShortcuts> = {}): ConfiguredShortcuts {
+  return {
+    toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: null,
+    copySubtitle: null,
+    copySubtitleMultiple: null,
+    updateLastCardFromClipboard: null,
+    triggerFieldGrouping: null,
+    triggerSubsync: null,
+    mineSentence: null,
+    mineSentenceMultiple: null,
+    multiCopyTimeoutMs: 2500,
+    toggleSecondarySub: null,
+    markAudioCard: null,
+    openRuntimeOptions: null,
+    openJimaku: null,
+    openSessionHelp: null,
+    openControllerSelect: null,
+    openControllerDebug: null,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: null,
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+}
+
+test('registerOverlayShortcuts reports active overlay shortcuts when configured', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    registerOverlayShortcuts(createShortcuts({ openJimaku: 'Ctrl+J' }), {
+      copySubtitle: () => {},
+      copySubtitleMultiple: () => {},
+      updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => {},
+      triggerFieldGrouping: () => {},
+      triggerSubsync: () => {},
+      mineSentence: () => {},
+      mineSentenceMultiple: () => {},
+      toggleSecondarySub: () => {},
+      markAudioCard: () => {},
+      openRuntimeOptions: () => {},
+      openJimaku: () => {},
+    }),
+    true,
+  );
+});
+
+test('registerOverlayShortcuts stays inactive when overlay shortcuts are absent', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    registerOverlayShortcuts(createShortcuts(), {
+      copySubtitle: () => {},
+      copySubtitleMultiple: () => {},
+      updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => {},
+      triggerFieldGrouping: () => {},
+      triggerSubsync: () => {},
+      mineSentence: () => {},
+      mineSentenceMultiple: () => {},
+      toggleSecondarySub: () => {},
+      markAudioCard: () => {},
+      openRuntimeOptions: () => {},
+      openJimaku: () => {},
+    }),
+    false,
+  );
+});
+
+test('syncOverlayShortcutsRuntime deactivates cleanly when shortcuts were active', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const result = syncOverlayShortcutsRuntime(false, true, {
+    getConfiguredShortcuts: () => createShortcuts(),
+    getOverlayHandlers: () => ({
+      copySubtitle: () => {},
+      copySubtitleMultiple: () => {},
+      updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => {},
+      triggerFieldGrouping: () => {},
+      triggerSubsync: () => {},
+      mineSentence: () => {},
+      mineSentenceMultiple: () => {},
+      toggleSecondarySub: () => {},
+      markAudioCard: () => {},
+      openRuntimeOptions: () => {},
+      openJimaku: () => {},
+    }),
+    cancelPendingMultiCopy: () => {
+      calls.push('cancel-multi-copy');
+    },
+    cancelPendingMineSentenceMultiple: () => {
+      calls.push('cancel-mine-sentence-multiple');
+    },
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result, false);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['cancel-multi-copy', 'cancel-mine-sentence-multiple']);
+});
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-shortcut.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,4 @@
-import electron from 'electron';
 import { ConfiguredShortcuts } from '../utils/shortcut-config';
-import { isGlobalShortcutRegisteredSafe } from './shortcut-fallback';
-import { createLogger } from '../../logger';
-
-const { globalShortcut } = electron;
-const logger = createLogger('main:overlay-shortcut-service');

 export interface OverlayShortcutHandlers {
  copySubtitle: () => void;
@@ -27,6 +21,27 @@ export interface OverlayShortcutLifecycleDeps {
  cancelPendingMineSentenceMultiple: () => void;
 }

+const OVERLAY_SHORTCUT_KEYS: Array<keyof Omit<ConfiguredShortcuts, 'multiCopyTimeoutMs'>> = [
+  'copySubtitle',
+  'copySubtitleMultiple',
+  'updateLastCardFromClipboard',
+  'triggerFieldGrouping',
+  'triggerSubsync',
+  'mineSentence',
+  'mineSentenceMultiple',
+  'toggleSecondarySub',
+  'markAudioCard',
+  'openRuntimeOptions',
+  'openJimaku',
+];
+
+function hasConfiguredOverlayShortcuts(shortcuts: ConfiguredShortcuts): boolean {
+  return OVERLAY_SHORTCUT_KEYS.some((key) => {
+    const shortcut = shortcuts[key];
+    return typeof shortcut === 'string' && shortcut.trim().length > 0;
+  });
+}
+
 export function shouldActivateOverlayShortcuts(args: {
  overlayRuntimeInitialized: boolean;
  isMacOSPlatform: boolean;
@@ -43,139 +58,12 @@ export function shouldActivateOverlayShortcuts(args: {

 export function registerOverlayShortcuts(
  shortcuts: ConfiguredShortcuts,
-  handlers: OverlayShortcutHandlers,
+  _handlers: OverlayShortcutHandlers,
 ): boolean {
-  let registeredAny = false;
-  const registerOverlayShortcut = (
-    accelerator: string,
-    handler: () => void,
-    label: string,
-  ): void => {
-    if (isGlobalShortcutRegisteredSafe(accelerator)) {
-      registeredAny = true;
-      return;
-    }
-    const ok = globalShortcut.register(accelerator, handler);
-    if (!ok) {
-      logger.warn(`Failed to register overlay shortcut ${label}: ${accelerator}`);
-      return;
-    }
-    registeredAny = true;
-  };
-
-  if (shortcuts.copySubtitleMultiple) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.copySubtitleMultiple,
-      () => handlers.copySubtitleMultiple(shortcuts.multiCopyTimeoutMs),
-      'copySubtitleMultiple',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.copySubtitle) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(shortcuts.copySubtitle, () => handlers.copySubtitle(), 'copySubtitle');
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.triggerFieldGrouping) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.triggerFieldGrouping,
-      () => handlers.triggerFieldGrouping(),
-      'triggerFieldGrouping',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.triggerSubsync) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.triggerSubsync,
-      () => handlers.triggerSubsync(),
-      'triggerSubsync',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.mineSentence) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(shortcuts.mineSentence, () => handlers.mineSentence(), 'mineSentence');
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.mineSentenceMultiple) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.mineSentenceMultiple,
-      () => handlers.mineSentenceMultiple(shortcuts.multiCopyTimeoutMs),
-      'mineSentenceMultiple',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.toggleSecondarySub) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.toggleSecondarySub,
-      () => handlers.toggleSecondarySub(),
-      'toggleSecondarySub',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.updateLastCardFromClipboard) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.updateLastCardFromClipboard,
-      () => handlers.updateLastCardFromClipboard(),
-      'updateLastCardFromClipboard',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.markAudioCard) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.markAudioCard,
-      () => handlers.markAudioCard(),
-      'markAudioCard',
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (shortcuts.openRuntimeOptions) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(
-      shortcuts.openRuntimeOptions,
-      () => handlers.openRuntimeOptions(),
-      'openRuntimeOptions',
-    );
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.openJimaku) {
-    registerOverlayShortcut(shortcuts.openJimaku, () => handlers.openJimaku(), 'openJimaku');
-  }
-
-  return registeredAny;
+  return hasConfiguredOverlayShortcuts(shortcuts);
 }

-export function unregisterOverlayShortcuts(shortcuts: ConfiguredShortcuts): void {
-  if (shortcuts.copySubtitle) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.copySubtitle);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.copySubtitleMultiple) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.copySubtitleMultiple);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.updateLastCardFromClipboard) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.updateLastCardFromClipboard);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.triggerFieldGrouping) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.triggerFieldGrouping);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.triggerSubsync) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.triggerSubsync);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.mineSentence) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.mineSentence);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.mineSentenceMultiple) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.mineSentenceMultiple);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.toggleSecondarySub) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.toggleSecondarySub);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.markAudioCard) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.markAudioCard);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.openRuntimeOptions) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.openRuntimeOptions);
-  }
-  if (shortcuts.openJimaku) {
-    globalShortcut.unregister(shortcuts.openJimaku);
-  }
-}
+export function unregisterOverlayShortcuts(_shortcuts: ConfiguredShortcuts): void {}

 export function registerOverlayShortcutsRuntime(deps: OverlayShortcutLifecycleDeps): boolean {
  return registerOverlayShortcuts(deps.getConfiguredShortcuts(), deps.getOverlayHandlers());
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.test.ts
@@ -6,31 +6,59 @@ import { setVisibleOverlayVisible, updateVisibleOverlayVisibility } from './over
 type WindowTrackerStub = {
  isTracking: () => boolean;
  getGeometry: () => { x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number } | null;
+  isTargetWindowFocused?: () => boolean;
+  isTargetWindowMinimized?: () => boolean;
 };

 function createMainWindowRecorder() {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  let visible = false;
+  let focused = false;
+  let opacity = 1;
  const window = {
    isDestroyed: () => false,
    isVisible: () => visible,
+    isFocused: () => focused,
    hide: () => {
      visible = false;
+      focused = false;
      calls.push('hide');
    },
    show: () => {
      visible = true;
      calls.push('show');
    },
+    showInactive: () => {
+      visible = true;
+      calls.push('show-inactive');
+    },
    focus: () => {
+      focused = true;
      calls.push('focus');
    },
+    setAlwaysOnTop: (flag: boolean) => {
+      calls.push(`always-on-top:${flag}`);
+    },
    setIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore: boolean, options?: { forward?: boolean }) => {
      calls.push(`mouse-ignore:${ignore}:${options?.forward === true ? 'forward' : 'plain'}`);
    },
+    setOpacity: (nextOpacity: number) => {
+      opacity = nextOpacity;
+      calls.push(`opacity:${nextOpacity}`);
+    },
+    moveTop: () => {
+      calls.push('move-top');
+    },
  };

-  return { window, calls };
+  return {
+    window,
+    calls,
+    getOpacity: () => opacity,
+    setFocused: (nextFocused: boolean) => {
+      focused = nextFocused;
+    },
+  };
 }

 test('macOS keeps visible overlay hidden while tracker is not ready and emits one loading OSD', () => {
@@ -167,7 +195,7 @@ test('untracked non-macOS overlay keeps fallback visible behavior when no tracke
  assert.ok(!calls.includes('osd'));
 });

-test('Windows visible overlay stays click-through and does not steal focus while tracked', () => {
+test('Windows visible overlay stays click-through and binds to mpv while tracked', () => {
  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
    isTracking: () => true,
@@ -186,6 +214,9 @@ test('Windows visible overlay stays click-through and does not steal focus while
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
      calls.push('ensure-level');
    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
      calls.push('sync-layer');
    },
@@ -199,12 +230,62 @@ test('Windows visible overlay stays click-through and does not steal focus while
    isWindowsPlatform: true,
  } as never);

+  assert.ok(calls.includes('opacity:0'));
  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
-  assert.ok(calls.includes('show'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('show-inactive'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('enforce-order'));
  assert.ok(!calls.includes('focus'));
 });

-test('tracked Windows overlay refresh preserves renderer-managed mouse interaction when already visible', () => {
+test('Windows visible overlay restores opacity after the deferred reveal delay', async () => {
+  const { window, calls, getOpacity } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let syncWindowsZOrderCalls = 0;
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      syncWindowsZOrderCalls += 1;
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.equal(getOpacity(), 0);
+  assert.equal(syncWindowsZOrderCalls, 1);
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 60));
+  assert.equal(getOpacity(), 1);
+  assert.equal(syncWindowsZOrderCalls, 2);
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('opacity:1'));
+});
+
+test('tracked Windows overlay refresh rebinds while already visible', () => {
  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
    isTracking: () => true,
@@ -223,6 +304,9 @@ test('tracked Windows overlay refresh preserves renderer-managed mouse interacti
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
      calls.push('ensure-level');
    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
      calls.push('sync-layer');
    },
@@ -250,6 +334,9 @@ test('tracked Windows overlay refresh preserves renderer-managed mouse interacti
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
      calls.push('ensure-level');
    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
      calls.push('sync-layer');
    },
@@ -263,9 +350,11 @@ test('tracked Windows overlay refresh preserves renderer-managed mouse interacti
    isWindowsPlatform: true,
  } as never);

-  assert.ok(!calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
  assert.ok(!calls.includes('show'));
-  assert.ok(calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-shortcuts'));
 });

@@ -288,6 +377,9 @@ test('forced passthrough still reapplies while visible on Windows', () => {
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
      calls.push('ensure-level');
    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
      calls.push('sync-layer');
    },
@@ -315,6 +407,9 @@ test('forced passthrough still reapplies while visible on Windows', () => {
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
      calls.push('ensure-level');
    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
      calls.push('sync-layer');
    },
@@ -330,6 +425,360 @@ test('forced passthrough still reapplies while visible on Windows', () => {
  } as never);

  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('always-on-top:false'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('enforce-order'));
+});
+
+test('forced passthrough still shows tracked overlay while bound to mpv on Windows', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+    forceMousePassthrough: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('show-inactive'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('always-on-top:false'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+});
+
+test('forced mouse passthrough drops macOS tracked overlay below higher-priority windows', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: true,
+    isWindowsPlatform: false,
+    forceMousePassthrough: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('always-on-top:false'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('enforce-order'));
+});
+
+test('tracked Windows overlay rebinds without hiding when tracker focus changes', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let focused = true;
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+    isTargetWindowFocused: () => focused,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  calls.length = 0;
+  focused = false;
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('always-on-top:false'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('enforce-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('show'));
+});
+
+test('tracked Windows overlay stays interactive while the overlay window itself is focused', () => {
+  const { window, calls, setFocused } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+    isTargetWindowFocused: () => false,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  calls.length = 0;
+  setFocused(true);
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:false:plain'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('enforce-order'));
+});
+
+test('tracked Windows overlay reshows click-through even if focus state is stale after a modal closes', () => {
+  const { window, calls, setFocused } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+    isTargetWindowFocused: () => false,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  calls.length = 0;
+  window.hide();
+  calls.length = 0;
+  setFocused(true);
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('show-inactive'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('show'));
+});
+
+test('tracked Windows overlay binds above mpv even when tracker focus lags', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+    isTargetWindowFocused: () => false,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('always-on-top:false'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
 });

 test('visible overlay stays hidden while a modal window is active', () => {
@@ -487,6 +936,157 @@ test('Windows keeps visible overlay hidden while tracker is not ready', () => {
  assert.ok(!calls.includes('update-bounds'));
 });

+test('Windows preserves visible overlay and rebinds to mpv while tracker transiently loses a non-minimized window', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let tracking = true;
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => tracking,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+    isTargetWindowFocused: () => false,
+    isTargetWindowMinimized: () => false,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  calls.length = 0;
+  tracking = false;
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('hide'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('show'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('always-on-top:false'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('move-top'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('mouse-ignore:true:forward'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('ensure-level'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('sync-shortcuts'));
+});
+
+test('Windows hides the visible overlay when the tracked window is minimized', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  let tracking = true;
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => tracking,
+    getGeometry: () => (tracking ? { x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 } : null),
+    isTargetWindowMinimized: () => !tracking,
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  calls.length = 0;
+  tracking = false;
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-windows-z-order');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: true,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('hide'));
+  assert.ok(!calls.includes('sync-windows-z-order'));
+});
+
 test('macOS keeps visible overlay hidden while tracker is not initialized yet', () => {
  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
  let trackerWarning = false;
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-visibility.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,52 @@
 import type { BrowserWindow } from 'electron';
 import { BaseWindowTracker } from '../../window-trackers';
 import { WindowGeometry } from '../../types';
+import { OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG } from './overlay-window-flags';
+
+const WINDOWS_OVERLAY_REVEAL_DELAY_MS = 48;
+const pendingWindowsOverlayRevealTimeoutByWindow = new WeakMap<
+  BrowserWindow,
+  ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>
+>();
+function setOverlayWindowOpacity(window: BrowserWindow, opacity: number): void {
+  const opacityCapableWindow = window as BrowserWindow & {
+    setOpacity?: (opacity: number) => void;
+  };
+  opacityCapableWindow.setOpacity?.(opacity);
+}
+
+function clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(window: BrowserWindow): void {
+  const pendingTimeout = pendingWindowsOverlayRevealTimeoutByWindow.get(window);
+  if (!pendingTimeout) {
+    return;
+  }
+  clearTimeout(pendingTimeout);
+  pendingWindowsOverlayRevealTimeoutByWindow.delete(window);
+}
+
+function scheduleWindowsOverlayReveal(
+  window: BrowserWindow,
+  onReveal?: (window: BrowserWindow) => void,
+): void {
+  clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(window);
+  const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
+    pendingWindowsOverlayRevealTimeoutByWindow.delete(window);
+    if (window.isDestroyed() || !window.isVisible()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    setOverlayWindowOpacity(window, 1);
+    onReveal?.(window);
+  }, WINDOWS_OVERLAY_REVEAL_DELAY_MS);
+  pendingWindowsOverlayRevealTimeoutByWindow.set(window, timeout);
+}
+
+function isOverlayWindowContentReady(window: BrowserWindow): boolean {
+  return (
+    (window as BrowserWindow & { [OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG]?: boolean })[
+      OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG
+    ] === true
+  );
+}

 export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  visibleOverlayVisible: boolean;
@@ -8,10 +54,14 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  forceMousePassthrough?: boolean;
  mainWindow: BrowserWindow | null;
  windowTracker: BaseWindowTracker | null;
+  lastKnownWindowsForegroundProcessName?: string | null;
+  windowsOverlayProcessName?: string | null;
+  windowsFocusHandoffGraceActive?: boolean;
  trackerNotReadyWarningShown: boolean;
  setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
+  syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder?: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
  syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') => void;
  enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => void;
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
@@ -30,6 +80,10 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  const mainWindow = args.mainWindow;

  if (args.modalActive) {
+    if (args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+      clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow);
+      setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+    }
    mainWindow.hide();
    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
    return;
@@ -37,21 +91,93 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {

  const showPassiveVisibleOverlay = (): void => {
    const forceMousePassthrough = args.forceMousePassthrough === true;
+    const wasVisible = mainWindow.isVisible();
    const shouldDefaultToPassthrough =
      args.isMacOSPlatform || args.isWindowsPlatform || forceMousePassthrough;
-    const wasVisible = mainWindow.isVisible();
+    const isVisibleOverlayFocused =
+      typeof mainWindow.isFocused === 'function' && mainWindow.isFocused();
+    const windowsForegroundProcessName =
+      args.lastKnownWindowsForegroundProcessName?.trim().toLowerCase() ?? null;
+    const windowsOverlayProcessName = args.windowsOverlayProcessName?.trim().toLowerCase() ?? null;
+    const hasWindowsForegroundProcessSignal =
+      args.isWindowsPlatform && windowsForegroundProcessName !== null;
+    const isTrackedWindowsTargetFocused = args.windowTracker?.isTargetWindowFocused?.() ?? true;
+    const isTrackedWindowsTargetMinimized =
+      args.isWindowsPlatform &&
+      typeof args.windowTracker?.isTargetWindowMinimized === 'function' &&
+      args.windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized();
+    const shouldPreserveWindowsOverlayDuringFocusHandoff =
+      args.isWindowsPlatform &&
+      args.windowsFocusHandoffGraceActive === true &&
+      !!args.windowTracker &&
+      (!hasWindowsForegroundProcessSignal ||
+        windowsForegroundProcessName === 'mpv' ||
+        (windowsOverlayProcessName !== null &&
+          windowsForegroundProcessName === windowsOverlayProcessName)) &&
+      !isTrackedWindowsTargetMinimized &&
+      (args.windowTracker.isTracking() || args.windowTracker.getGeometry() !== null);
+    const shouldForcePassiveReshow = args.isWindowsPlatform && !wasVisible;
+    const shouldIgnoreMouseEvents =
+      forceMousePassthrough ||
+      (shouldDefaultToPassthrough && (!isVisibleOverlayFocused || shouldForcePassiveReshow));
+    const shouldBindTrackedWindowsOverlay = args.isWindowsPlatform && !!args.windowTracker;
+    const shouldKeepTrackedWindowsOverlayTopmost =
+      !args.isWindowsPlatform ||
+      !args.windowTracker ||
+      isVisibleOverlayFocused ||
+      isTrackedWindowsTargetFocused ||
+      shouldPreserveWindowsOverlayDuringFocusHandoff ||
+      (hasWindowsForegroundProcessSignal && windowsForegroundProcessName === 'mpv');
+    if (shouldIgnoreMouseEvents) {
+      mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(true, { forward: true });
+    } else {
+      mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
+    }

-    if (!wasVisible || forceMousePassthrough) {
-      if (shouldDefaultToPassthrough) {
+    if (shouldBindTrackedWindowsOverlay) {
+      // On Windows, z-order is enforced by the OS via the owner window mechanism
+      // (SetWindowLongPtr GWLP_HWNDPARENT). The overlay is always above mpv
+      // without any manual z-order management.
+    } else if (!forceMousePassthrough) {
+      args.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(mainWindow);
+    } else {
+      mainWindow.setAlwaysOnTop(false);
+    }
+    if (!wasVisible) {
+      const hasWebContents =
+        typeof (mainWindow as unknown as { webContents?: unknown }).webContents === 'object';
+      if (
+        args.isWindowsPlatform &&
+        hasWebContents &&
+        !isOverlayWindowContentReady(mainWindow as unknown as import('electron').BrowserWindow)
+      ) {
+        // skip — ready-to-show hasn't fired yet; the onWindowContentReady
+        // callback will trigger another visibility update when the renderer
+        // has painted its first frame.
+      } else if (args.isWindowsPlatform && shouldIgnoreMouseEvents) {
+        setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+        mainWindow.showInactive();
        mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(true, { forward: true });
+        scheduleWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow, shouldBindTrackedWindowsOverlay
+          ? (window) => args.syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder?.(window)
+          : undefined);
      } else {
-        mainWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
+        if (args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+          setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+        }
+        mainWindow.show();
+        if (args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+          scheduleWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow, shouldBindTrackedWindowsOverlay
+            ? (window) => args.syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder?.(window)
+            : undefined);
+        }
      }
    }
-    args.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(mainWindow);
-    if (!wasVisible) {
-      mainWindow.show();
+
+    if (shouldBindTrackedWindowsOverlay) {
+      args.syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder?.(mainWindow);
    }
+
    if (!args.isWindowsPlatform && !args.isMacOSPlatform && !forceMousePassthrough) {
      mainWindow.focus();
    }
@@ -71,12 +197,27 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
  if (!args.visibleOverlayVisible) {
    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(false);
    args.resetOverlayLoadingOsdSuppression?.();
+    if (args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+      clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow);
+      setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+    }
    mainWindow.hide();
    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
    return;
  }

  if (args.windowTracker && args.windowTracker.isTracking()) {
+    if (
+      args.isWindowsPlatform &&
+      typeof args.windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized === 'function' &&
+      args.windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized()
+    ) {
+      clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow);
+      setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+      mainWindow.hide();
+      args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
+      return;
+    }
    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(false);
    const geometry = args.windowTracker.getGeometry();
    if (geometry) {
@@ -84,7 +225,9 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
    }
    args.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
    showPassiveVisibleOverlay();
-    args.enforceOverlayLayerOrder();
+    if (!args.forceMousePassthrough && !args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+      args.enforceOverlayLayerOrder();
+    }
    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
    return;
  }
@@ -95,6 +238,10 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
        args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(true);
        maybeShowOverlayLoadingOsd();
      }
+      if (args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+        clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow);
+        setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+      }
      mainWindow.hide();
      args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
      return;
@@ -107,11 +254,32 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
    return;
  }

+  if (
+    args.isWindowsPlatform &&
+    typeof args.windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized === 'function' &&
+    !args.windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized() &&
+    (mainWindow.isVisible() || args.windowTracker.getGeometry() !== null)
+  ) {
+    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(false);
+    const geometry = args.windowTracker.getGeometry();
+    if (geometry) {
+      args.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
+    }
+    args.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
+    showPassiveVisibleOverlay();
+    args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
+    return;
+  }
+
  if (!args.trackerNotReadyWarningShown) {
    args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(true);
    maybeShowOverlayLoadingOsd();
  }

+  if (args.isWindowsPlatform) {
+    clearPendingWindowsOverlayReveal(mainWindow);
+    setOverlayWindowOpacity(mainWindow, 0);
+  }
  mainWindow.hide();
  args.syncOverlayShortcuts();
 }
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-window-config.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-window-config.test.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,31 @@ test('overlay window config explicitly disables renderer sandbox for preload com
    yomitanSession: null,
  });

+  assert.equal(options.backgroundColor, '#00000000');
  assert.equal(options.webPreferences?.sandbox, false);
+  assert.equal(options.webPreferences?.backgroundThrottling, false);
+});
+
+test('Windows visible overlay window config does not start as always-on-top', () => {
+  const originalPlatformDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(process, 'platform');
+
+  Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: 'win32',
+  });
+
+  try {
+    const options = buildOverlayWindowOptions('visible', {
+      isDev: false,
+      yomitanSession: null,
+    });
+
+    assert.equal(options.alwaysOnTop, false);
+  } finally {
+    if (originalPlatformDescriptor) {
+      Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', originalPlatformDescriptor);
+    }
+  }
 });

 test('overlay window config uses the provided Yomitan session when available', () => {
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-window-flags.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-window-flags.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export const OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG = '__subminerOverlayContentReady';
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-window-input.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-window-input.ts
@@ -66,7 +66,14 @@ export function handleOverlayWindowBlurred(options: {
  isOverlayVisible: (kind: OverlayWindowKind) => boolean;
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => void;
  moveWindowTop: () => void;
+  onWindowsVisibleOverlayBlur?: () => void;
+  platform?: NodeJS.Platform;
 }): boolean {
+  if ((options.platform ?? process.platform) === 'win32' && options.kind === 'visible') {
+    options.onWindowsVisibleOverlayBlur?.();
+    return false;
+  }
+
  if (options.kind === 'visible' && !options.isOverlayVisible(options.kind)) {
    return false;
  }
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-window-options.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-window-options.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ export function buildOverlayWindowOptions(
  },
 ): BrowserWindowConstructorOptions {
  const showNativeDebugFrame = process.platform === 'win32' && options.isDev;
+  const shouldStartAlwaysOnTop = !(process.platform === 'win32' && kind === 'visible');

  return {
    show: false,
@@ -18,8 +19,9 @@ export function buildOverlayWindowOptions(
    x: 0,
    y: 0,
    transparent: true,
+    backgroundColor: '#00000000',
    frame: false,
-    alwaysOnTop: true,
+    alwaysOnTop: shouldStartAlwaysOnTop,
    skipTaskbar: true,
    resizable: false,
    hasShadow: false,
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@ export function buildOverlayWindowOptions(
      contextIsolation: true,
      nodeIntegration: false,
      sandbox: false,
+      backgroundThrottling: false,
      webSecurity: true,
      session: options.yomitanSession ?? undefined,
      additionalArguments: [`--overlay-layer=${kind}`],
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-window.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-window.test.ts
@@ -103,6 +103,49 @@ test('handleOverlayWindowBlurred skips visible overlay restacking after manual h
  assert.deepEqual(calls, []);
 });

+test('handleOverlayWindowBlurred skips Windows visible overlay restacking after focus loss', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+
+  const handled = handleOverlayWindowBlurred({
+    kind: 'visible',
+    windowVisible: true,
+    isOverlayVisible: () => true,
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    moveWindowTop: () => {
+      calls.push('move-top');
+    },
+    platform: 'win32',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(handled, false);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, []);
+});
+
+test('handleOverlayWindowBlurred notifies Windows visible overlay blur callback without restacking', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+
+  const handled = handleOverlayWindowBlurred({
+    kind: 'visible',
+    windowVisible: true,
+    isOverlayVisible: () => true,
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    moveWindowTop: () => {
+      calls.push('move-top');
+    },
+    onWindowsVisibleOverlayBlur: () => {
+      calls.push('windows-visible-blur');
+    },
+    platform: 'win32',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(handled, false);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['windows-visible-blur']);
+});
+
 test('handleOverlayWindowBlurred preserves active visible/modal window stacking', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];

@@ -117,6 +160,7 @@ test('handleOverlayWindowBlurred preserves active visible/modal window stacking'
      moveWindowTop: () => {
        calls.push('move-visible');
      },
+      platform: 'linux',
    }),
    true,
  );
--- a/src/core/services/overlay-window.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/overlay-window.ts
@@ -10,9 +10,24 @@ import {
 } from './overlay-window-input';
 import { buildOverlayWindowOptions } from './overlay-window-options';
 import { normalizeOverlayWindowBoundsForPlatform } from './overlay-window-bounds';
+import { OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG } from './overlay-window-flags';
+export { OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG } from './overlay-window-flags';

 const logger = createLogger('main:overlay-window');
 const overlayWindowLayerByInstance = new WeakMap<BrowserWindow, OverlayWindowKind>();
+const overlayWindowContentReady = new WeakSet<BrowserWindow>();
+
+export function isOverlayWindowContentReady(window: BrowserWindow): boolean {
+  if (window.isDestroyed()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return (
+    overlayWindowContentReady.has(window) ||
+    (window as BrowserWindow & { [OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG]?: boolean })[
+      OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG
+    ] === true
+  );
+}

 function getOverlayWindowHtmlPath(): string {
  return path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'renderer', 'index.html');
@@ -76,13 +91,20 @@ export function createOverlayWindow(
    isOverlayVisible: (kind: OverlayWindowKind) => boolean;
    tryHandleOverlayShortcutLocalFallback: (input: Electron.Input) => boolean;
    forwardTabToMpv: () => void;
+    onVisibleWindowBlurred?: () => void;
+    onWindowContentReady?: () => void;
    onWindowClosed: (kind: OverlayWindowKind) => void;
    yomitanSession?: Session | null;
  },
 ): BrowserWindow {
  const window = new BrowserWindow(buildOverlayWindowOptions(kind, options));
+  (window as BrowserWindow & { [OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG]?: boolean })[
+    OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG
+  ] = false;

-  options.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window);
+  if (!(process.platform === 'win32' && kind === 'visible')) {
+    options.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window);
+  }
  loadOverlayWindowLayer(window, kind);

  window.webContents.on('did-fail-load', (_event, errorCode, errorDescription, validatedURL) => {
@@ -93,6 +115,14 @@ export function createOverlayWindow(
    options.onRuntimeOptionsChanged();
  });

+  window.once('ready-to-show', () => {
+    overlayWindowContentReady.add(window);
+    (window as BrowserWindow & { [OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG]?: boolean })[
+      OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG
+    ] = true;
+    options.onWindowContentReady?.();
+  });
+
  if (kind === 'visible') {
    window.webContents.on('devtools-opened', () => {
      options.setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabled(true);
@@ -136,6 +166,8 @@ export function createOverlayWindow(
      moveWindowTop: () => {
        window.moveTop();
      },
+      onWindowsVisibleOverlayBlur:
+        kind === 'visible' ? () => options.onVisibleWindowBlurred?.() : undefined,
    });
  });

--- a/src/core/services/session-actions.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/session-actions.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import type { RuntimeOptionApplyResult, RuntimeOptionId } from '../../types';
+import type { SessionActionId } from '../../types/session-bindings';
+import type { SessionActionDispatchRequest } from '../../types/runtime';
+
+export interface SessionActionExecutorDeps {
+  toggleStatsOverlay: () => void;
+  toggleVisibleOverlay: () => void;
+  copyCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
+  copySubtitleCount: (count: number) => void;
+  updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => Promise<void>;
+  triggerFieldGrouping: () => Promise<void>;
+  triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => Promise<void>;
+  mineSentenceCard: () => Promise<void>;
+  mineSentenceCount: (count: number) => void;
+  toggleSecondarySub: () => void;
+  toggleSubtitleSidebar: () => void;
+  markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => Promise<void>;
+  openRuntimeOptionsPalette: () => void;
+  openSessionHelp: () => void;
+  openControllerSelect: () => void;
+  openControllerDebug: () => void;
+  openJimaku: () => void;
+  openYoutubeTrackPicker: () => void | Promise<void>;
+  openPlaylistBrowser: () => boolean | void | Promise<boolean | void>;
+  replayCurrentSubtitle: () => void;
+  playNextSubtitle: () => void;
+  shiftSubDelayToAdjacentSubtitle: (direction: 'next' | 'previous') => Promise<void>;
+  cycleRuntimeOption: (id: RuntimeOptionId, direction: 1 | -1) => RuntimeOptionApplyResult;
+  showMpvOsd: (text: string) => void;
+}
+
+function resolveCount(count: number | undefined): number {
+  const normalized = typeof count === 'number' && Number.isInteger(count) ? count : 1;
+  return Math.min(9, Math.max(1, normalized));
+}
+
+export async function dispatchSessionAction(
+  request: SessionActionDispatchRequest,
+  deps: SessionActionExecutorDeps,
+): Promise<void> {
+  switch (request.actionId) {
+    case 'toggleStatsOverlay':
+      deps.toggleStatsOverlay();
+      return;
+    case 'toggleVisibleOverlay':
+      deps.toggleVisibleOverlay();
+      return;
+    case 'copySubtitle':
+      deps.copyCurrentSubtitle();
+      return;
+    case 'copySubtitleMultiple':
+      deps.copySubtitleCount(resolveCount(request.payload?.count));
+      return;
+    case 'updateLastCardFromClipboard':
+      await deps.updateLastCardFromClipboard();
+      return;
+    case 'triggerFieldGrouping':
+      await deps.triggerFieldGrouping();
+      return;
+    case 'triggerSubsync':
+      await deps.triggerSubsyncFromConfig();
+      return;
+    case 'mineSentence':
+      await deps.mineSentenceCard();
+      return;
+    case 'mineSentenceMultiple':
+      deps.mineSentenceCount(resolveCount(request.payload?.count));
+      return;
+    case 'toggleSecondarySub':
+      deps.toggleSecondarySub();
+      return;
+    case 'toggleSubtitleSidebar':
+      deps.toggleSubtitleSidebar();
+      return;
+    case 'markAudioCard':
+      await deps.markLastCardAsAudioCard();
+      return;
+    case 'openRuntimeOptions':
+      deps.openRuntimeOptionsPalette();
+      return;
+    case 'openSessionHelp':
+      deps.openSessionHelp();
+      return;
+    case 'openControllerSelect':
+      deps.openControllerSelect();
+      return;
+    case 'openControllerDebug':
+      deps.openControllerDebug();
+      return;
+    case 'openJimaku':
+      deps.openJimaku();
+      return;
+    case 'openYoutubePicker':
+      await deps.openYoutubeTrackPicker();
+      return;
+    case 'openPlaylistBrowser':
+      await deps.openPlaylistBrowser();
+      return;
+    case 'replayCurrentSubtitle':
+      deps.replayCurrentSubtitle();
+      return;
+    case 'playNextSubtitle':
+      deps.playNextSubtitle();
+      return;
+    case 'shiftSubDelayPrevLine':
+      await deps.shiftSubDelayToAdjacentSubtitle('previous');
+      return;
+    case 'shiftSubDelayNextLine':
+      await deps.shiftSubDelayToAdjacentSubtitle('next');
+      return;
+    case 'cycleRuntimeOption': {
+      const runtimeOptionId = request.payload?.runtimeOptionId as RuntimeOptionId | undefined;
+      if (!runtimeOptionId) {
+        deps.showMpvOsd('Runtime option id is required.');
+        return;
+      }
+      const direction = request.payload?.direction === -1 ? -1 : 1;
+      const result = deps.cycleRuntimeOption(runtimeOptionId, direction);
+      if (!result.ok && result.error) {
+        deps.showMpvOsd(result.error);
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
--- a/src/core/services/session-bindings.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/session-bindings.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import type { Keybinding } from '../../types';
+import type { ConfiguredShortcuts } from '../utils/shortcut-config';
+import { SPECIAL_COMMANDS } from '../../config/definitions';
+import { compileSessionBindings } from './session-bindings';
+
+function createShortcuts(overrides: Partial<ConfiguredShortcuts> = {}): ConfiguredShortcuts {
+  return {
+    toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: null,
+    copySubtitle: null,
+    copySubtitleMultiple: null,
+    updateLastCardFromClipboard: null,
+    triggerFieldGrouping: null,
+    triggerSubsync: null,
+    mineSentence: null,
+    mineSentenceMultiple: null,
+    multiCopyTimeoutMs: 2500,
+    toggleSecondarySub: null,
+    markAudioCard: null,
+    openRuntimeOptions: null,
+    openJimaku: null,
+    openSessionHelp: null,
+    openControllerSelect: null,
+    openControllerDebug: null,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: null,
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+}
+
+function createKeybinding(key: string, command: Keybinding['command']): Keybinding {
+  return { key, command };
+}
+
+test('compileSessionBindings merges shortcuts and keybindings into one canonical list', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts({
+      toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'Alt+Shift+O',
+      openJimaku: 'Ctrl+Shift+J',
+      openControllerSelect: 'Alt+C',
+    }),
+    keybindings: [
+      createKeybinding('KeyF', ['cycle', 'fullscreen']),
+      createKeybinding('Ctrl+Shift+Y', [SPECIAL_COMMANDS.YOUTUBE_PICKER_OPEN]),
+    ],
+    platform: 'linux',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result.warnings.length, 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    result.bindings.map((binding) => ({
+      actionType: binding.actionType,
+      sourcePath: binding.sourcePath,
+      code: binding.key.code,
+      modifiers: binding.key.modifiers,
+      target:
+        binding.actionType === 'session-action'
+          ? binding.actionId
+          : binding.command.join(' '),
+    })),
+    [
+      {
+        actionType: 'mpv-command',
+        sourcePath: 'keybindings[0].key',
+        code: 'KeyF',
+        modifiers: [],
+        target: 'cycle fullscreen',
+      },
+      {
+        actionType: 'session-action',
+        sourcePath: 'keybindings[1].key',
+        code: 'KeyY',
+        modifiers: ['ctrl', 'shift'],
+        target: 'openYoutubePicker',
+      },
+      {
+        actionType: 'session-action',
+        sourcePath: 'shortcuts.openControllerSelect',
+        code: 'KeyC',
+        modifiers: ['alt'],
+        target: 'openControllerSelect',
+      },
+      {
+        actionType: 'session-action',
+        sourcePath: 'shortcuts.openJimaku',
+        code: 'KeyJ',
+        modifiers: ['ctrl', 'shift'],
+        target: 'openJimaku',
+      },
+      {
+        actionType: 'session-action',
+        sourcePath: 'shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal',
+        code: 'KeyO',
+        modifiers: ['alt', 'shift'],
+        target: 'toggleVisibleOverlay',
+      },
+    ],
+  );
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings resolves CommandOrControl per platform', () => {
+  const input = {
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts({
+      toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'CommandOrControl+Shift+O',
+    }),
+    keybindings: [],
+  };
+
+  const windows = compileSessionBindings({ ...input, platform: 'win32' });
+  const mac = compileSessionBindings({ ...input, platform: 'darwin' });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(windows.bindings[0]?.key.modifiers, ['ctrl', 'shift']);
+  assert.deepEqual(mac.bindings[0]?.key.modifiers, ['shift', 'meta']);
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings resolves CommandOrControl in DOM key strings per platform', () => {
+  const input = {
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts(),
+    keybindings: [createKeybinding('CommandOrControl+Shift+J', ['cycle', 'fullscreen'])],
+    statsToggleKey: 'CommandOrControl+Backquote',
+  };
+
+  const windows = compileSessionBindings({ ...input, platform: 'win32' });
+  const mac = compileSessionBindings({ ...input, platform: 'darwin' });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    windows.bindings
+      .map((binding) => ({
+        sourcePath: binding.sourcePath,
+        modifiers: binding.key.modifiers,
+      }))
+      .sort((left, right) => left.sourcePath.localeCompare(right.sourcePath)),
+    [
+      {
+        sourcePath: 'keybindings[0].key',
+        modifiers: ['ctrl', 'shift'],
+      },
+      {
+        sourcePath: 'stats.toggleKey',
+        modifiers: ['ctrl'],
+      },
+    ],
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    mac.bindings
+      .map((binding) => ({
+        sourcePath: binding.sourcePath,
+        modifiers: binding.key.modifiers,
+      }))
+      .sort((left, right) => left.sourcePath.localeCompare(right.sourcePath)),
+    [
+      {
+        sourcePath: 'keybindings[0].key',
+        modifiers: ['shift', 'meta'],
+      },
+      {
+        sourcePath: 'stats.toggleKey',
+        modifiers: ['meta'],
+      },
+    ],
+  );
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings drops conflicting bindings that canonicalize to the same key', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts({
+      openJimaku: 'Ctrl+Shift+J',
+    }),
+    keybindings: [createKeybinding('Ctrl+Shift+J', [SPECIAL_COMMANDS.PLAYLIST_BROWSER_OPEN])],
+    platform: 'linux',
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(result.bindings, []);
+  assert.equal(result.warnings.length, 1);
+  assert.equal(result.warnings[0]?.kind, 'conflict');
+  assert.deepEqual(result.warnings[0]?.conflictingPaths, [
+    'shortcuts.openJimaku',
+    'keybindings[0].key',
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings omits disabled bindings', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts({
+      openJimaku: null,
+      toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'Alt+Shift+O',
+    }),
+    keybindings: [createKeybinding('Ctrl+Shift+J', null)],
+    platform: 'linux',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result.warnings.length, 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.bindings.map((binding) => binding.sourcePath), [
+    'shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal',
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings warns on unsupported shortcut and keybinding syntax', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts({
+      openJimaku: 'Hyper+J',
+    }),
+    keybindings: [createKeybinding('Ctrl+ß', ['cycle', 'fullscreen'])],
+    platform: 'linux',
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(result.bindings, []);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    result.warnings.map((warning) => `${warning.kind}:${warning.path}`),
+    ['unsupported:shortcuts.openJimaku', 'unsupported:keybindings[0].key'],
+  );
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings rejects malformed command arrays', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts(),
+    keybindings: [
+      createKeybinding('Ctrl+J', ['show-text', 3000]),
+      createKeybinding('Ctrl+K', ['show-text', { bad: true } as never] as never),
+    ],
+    platform: 'linux',
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(result.bindings.map((binding) => binding.sourcePath), ['keybindings[0].key']);
+  assert.equal(result.bindings[0]?.actionType, 'mpv-command');
+  assert.deepEqual(result.bindings[0]?.command, ['show-text', 3000]);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.warnings.map((warning) => `${warning.kind}:${warning.path}`), [
+    'unsupported:keybindings[1].key',
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings warns on deprecated toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal config', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts(),
+    keybindings: [],
+    platform: 'linux',
+    rawConfig: {
+      shortcuts: {
+        toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: 'Alt+Shift+O',
+      },
+    } as never,
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result.bindings.length, 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.warnings, [
+    {
+      kind: 'deprecated-config',
+      path: 'shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal',
+      value: 'Alt+Shift+O',
+      message: 'Rename shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal to shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlay.',
+    },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('compileSessionBindings includes stats toggle in the shared session binding artifact', () => {
+  const result = compileSessionBindings({
+    shortcuts: createShortcuts(),
+    keybindings: [],
+    statsToggleKey: 'Backquote',
+    platform: 'win32',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result.warnings.length, 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.bindings, [
+    {
+      sourcePath: 'stats.toggleKey',
+      originalKey: 'Backquote',
+      key: {
+        code: 'Backquote',
+        modifiers: [],
+      },
+      actionType: 'session-action',
+      actionId: 'toggleStatsOverlay',
+    },
+  ]);
+});
--- a/src/core/services/session-bindings.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/session-bindings.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+import type { Keybinding, ResolvedConfig } from '../../types';
+import type { ConfiguredShortcuts } from '../utils/shortcut-config';
+import type {
+  CompiledMpvCommandBinding,
+  CompiledSessionActionBinding,
+  CompiledSessionBinding,
+  PluginSessionBindingsArtifact,
+  SessionActionId,
+  SessionBindingWarning,
+  SessionKeyModifier,
+  SessionKeySpec,
+} from '../../types/session-bindings';
+import { SPECIAL_COMMANDS } from '../../config';
+
+type PlatformKeyModel = 'darwin' | 'win32' | 'linux';
+
+type CompileSessionBindingsInput = {
+  keybindings: Keybinding[];
+  shortcuts: ConfiguredShortcuts;
+  statsToggleKey?: string | null;
+  platform: PlatformKeyModel;
+  rawConfig?: ResolvedConfig | null;
+};
+
+type DraftBinding = {
+  binding: CompiledSessionBinding;
+  actionFingerprint: string;
+};
+
+const MODIFIER_ORDER: SessionKeyModifier[] = ['ctrl', 'alt', 'shift', 'meta'];
+
+const SESSION_SHORTCUT_ACTIONS: Array<{
+  key: keyof Omit<ConfiguredShortcuts, 'multiCopyTimeoutMs'>;
+  actionId: SessionActionId;
+}> = [
+  { key: 'toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal', actionId: 'toggleVisibleOverlay' },
+  { key: 'copySubtitle', actionId: 'copySubtitle' },
+  { key: 'copySubtitleMultiple', actionId: 'copySubtitleMultiple' },
+  { key: 'updateLastCardFromClipboard', actionId: 'updateLastCardFromClipboard' },
+  { key: 'triggerFieldGrouping', actionId: 'triggerFieldGrouping' },
+  { key: 'triggerSubsync', actionId: 'triggerSubsync' },
+  { key: 'mineSentence', actionId: 'mineSentence' },
+  { key: 'mineSentenceMultiple', actionId: 'mineSentenceMultiple' },
+  { key: 'toggleSecondarySub', actionId: 'toggleSecondarySub' },
+  { key: 'markAudioCard', actionId: 'markAudioCard' },
+  { key: 'openRuntimeOptions', actionId: 'openRuntimeOptions' },
+  { key: 'openJimaku', actionId: 'openJimaku' },
+  { key: 'openSessionHelp', actionId: 'openSessionHelp' },
+  { key: 'openControllerSelect', actionId: 'openControllerSelect' },
+  { key: 'openControllerDebug', actionId: 'openControllerDebug' },
+  { key: 'toggleSubtitleSidebar', actionId: 'toggleSubtitleSidebar' },
+];
+
+function normalizeModifiers(modifiers: SessionKeyModifier[]): SessionKeyModifier[] {
+  return [...new Set(modifiers)].sort(
+    (left, right) => MODIFIER_ORDER.indexOf(left) - MODIFIER_ORDER.indexOf(right),
+  );
+}
+
+function isValidCommandEntry(value: unknown): value is string | number {
+  return typeof value === 'string' || typeof value === 'number';
+}
+
+function normalizeCodeToken(token: string): string | null {
+  const normalized = token.trim();
+  if (!normalized) return null;
+  if (/^[a-z]$/i.test(normalized)) {
+    return `Key${normalized.toUpperCase()}`;
+  }
+  if (/^[0-9]$/.test(normalized)) {
+    return `Digit${normalized}`;
+  }
+
+  const exactMap: Record<string, string> = {
+    space: 'Space',
+    tab: 'Tab',
+    enter: 'Enter',
+    return: 'Enter',
+    esc: 'Escape',
+    escape: 'Escape',
+    up: 'ArrowUp',
+    down: 'ArrowDown',
+    left: 'ArrowLeft',
+    right: 'ArrowRight',
+    backspace: 'Backspace',
+    delete: 'Delete',
+    slash: 'Slash',
+    backslash: 'Backslash',
+    minus: 'Minus',
+    plus: 'Equal',
+    equal: 'Equal',
+    comma: 'Comma',
+    period: 'Period',
+    quote: 'Quote',
+    semicolon: 'Semicolon',
+    bracketleft: 'BracketLeft',
+    bracketright: 'BracketRight',
+    backquote: 'Backquote',
+  };
+  const lower = normalized.toLowerCase();
+  if (exactMap[lower]) return exactMap[lower];
+  if (
+    /^key[a-z]$/i.test(normalized) ||
+    /^digit[0-9]$/i.test(normalized) ||
+    /^arrow(?:up|down|left|right)$/i.test(normalized) ||
+    /^f\d{1,2}$/i.test(normalized)
+  ) {
+    const keyMatch = normalized.match(/^key([a-z])$/i);
+    if (keyMatch) {
+      return `Key${keyMatch[1]!.toUpperCase()}`;
+    }
+
+    const digitMatch = normalized.match(/^digit([0-9])$/i);
+    if (digitMatch) {
+      return `Digit${digitMatch[1]}`;
+    }
+
+    const arrowMatch = normalized.match(/^arrow(up|down|left|right)$/i);
+    if (arrowMatch) {
+      const direction = arrowMatch[1]!;
+      return `Arrow${direction[0]!.toUpperCase()}${direction.slice(1).toLowerCase()}`;
+    }
+
+    const functionKeyMatch = normalized.match(/^f(\d{1,2})$/i);
+    if (functionKeyMatch) {
+      return `F${functionKeyMatch[1]}`;
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+function parseAccelerator(
+  accelerator: string,
+  platform: PlatformKeyModel,
+): { key: SessionKeySpec | null; message?: string } {
+  const normalized = accelerator.replace(/\s+/g, '').replace(/cmdorctrl/gi, 'CommandOrControl');
+  if (!normalized) {
+    return { key: null, message: 'Empty accelerator is not supported.' };
+  }
+
+  const parts = normalized.split('+').filter(Boolean);
+  const keyToken = parts.pop();
+  if (!keyToken) {
+    return { key: null, message: 'Missing accelerator key token.' };
+  }
+
+  const modifiers: SessionKeyModifier[] = [];
+  for (const modifier of parts) {
+    const lower = modifier.toLowerCase();
+    if (lower === 'ctrl' || lower === 'control') {
+      modifiers.push('ctrl');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (lower === 'alt' || lower === 'option') {
+      modifiers.push('alt');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (lower === 'shift') {
+      modifiers.push('shift');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (lower === 'meta' || lower === 'super' || lower === 'command' || lower === 'cmd') {
+      modifiers.push('meta');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (lower === 'commandorcontrol') {
+      modifiers.push(platform === 'darwin' ? 'meta' : 'ctrl');
+      continue;
+    }
+    return {
+      key: null,
+      message: `Unsupported accelerator modifier: ${modifier}`,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const code = normalizeCodeToken(keyToken);
+  if (!code) {
+    return {
+      key: null,
+      message: `Unsupported accelerator key token: ${keyToken}`,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    key: {
+      code,
+      modifiers: normalizeModifiers(modifiers),
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function parseDomKeyString(
+  key: string,
+  platform: PlatformKeyModel,
+): { key: SessionKeySpec | null; message?: string } {
+  const parts = key
+    .split('+')
+    .map((part) => part.trim())
+    .filter(Boolean);
+  const keyToken = parts.pop();
+  if (!keyToken) {
+    return { key: null, message: 'Missing keybinding key token.' };
+  }
+
+  const modifiers: SessionKeyModifier[] = [];
+  for (const modifier of parts) {
+    const lower = modifier.toLowerCase();
+    if (lower === 'ctrl' || lower === 'control') {
+      modifiers.push('ctrl');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (lower === 'alt' || lower === 'option') {
+      modifiers.push('alt');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (lower === 'shift') {
+      modifiers.push('shift');
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (
+      lower === 'meta' ||
+      lower === 'super' ||
+      lower === 'command' ||
+      lower === 'cmd' ||
+      lower === 'commandorcontrol'
+    ) {
+      modifiers.push(
+        lower === 'commandorcontrol' ? (platform === 'darwin' ? 'meta' : 'ctrl') : 'meta',
+      );
+      continue;
+    }
+    return {
+      key: null,
+      message: `Unsupported keybinding modifier: ${modifier}`,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const code = normalizeCodeToken(keyToken);
+  if (!code) {
+    return {
+      key: null,
+      message: `Unsupported keybinding token: ${keyToken}`,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    key: {
+      code,
+      modifiers: normalizeModifiers(modifiers),
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+export function getSessionKeySpecSignature(key: SessionKeySpec): string {
+  return [...key.modifiers, key.code].join('+');
+}
+
+function resolveCommandBinding(
+  binding: Keybinding,
+):
+  | Omit<CompiledMpvCommandBinding, 'key' | 'sourcePath' | 'originalKey'>
+  | Omit<CompiledSessionActionBinding, 'key' | 'sourcePath' | 'originalKey'>
+  | null {
+  const command = binding.command;
+  if (!Array.isArray(command) || command.length === 0 || !command.every(isValidCommandEntry)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const first = command[0];
+  if (typeof first !== 'string') {
+    return {
+      actionType: 'mpv-command',
+      command,
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.SUBSYNC_TRIGGER) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'triggerSubsync' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.RUNTIME_OPTIONS_OPEN) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'openRuntimeOptions' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.JIMAKU_OPEN) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'openJimaku' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.YOUTUBE_PICKER_OPEN) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'openYoutubePicker' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.PLAYLIST_BROWSER_OPEN) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'openPlaylistBrowser' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.REPLAY_SUBTITLE) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'replayCurrentSubtitle' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.PLAY_NEXT_SUBTITLE) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'playNextSubtitle' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.SHIFT_SUB_DELAY_TO_PREVIOUS_SUBTITLE_START) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'shiftSubDelayPrevLine' };
+  }
+  if (first === SPECIAL_COMMANDS.SHIFT_SUB_DELAY_TO_NEXT_SUBTITLE_START) {
+    return { actionType: 'session-action', actionId: 'shiftSubDelayNextLine' };
+  }
+  if (first.startsWith(SPECIAL_COMMANDS.RUNTIME_OPTION_CYCLE_PREFIX)) {
+    const parts = first.split(':');
+    if (parts.length !== 3) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const [, runtimeOptionId, rawDirection] = parts;
+    if (!runtimeOptionId || (rawDirection !== 'prev' && rawDirection !== 'next')) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return {
+      actionType: 'session-action',
+      actionId: 'cycleRuntimeOption',
+      payload: {
+        runtimeOptionId,
+        direction: rawDirection === 'prev' ? -1 : 1,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    actionType: 'mpv-command',
+    command,
+  };
+}
+
+function getBindingFingerprint(binding: CompiledSessionBinding): string {
+  if (binding.actionType === 'mpv-command') {
+    return `mpv:${JSON.stringify(binding.command)}`;
+  }
+  return `session:${binding.actionId}:${JSON.stringify(binding.payload ?? null)}`;
+}
+
+export function compileSessionBindings(
+  input: CompileSessionBindingsInput,
+): {
+  bindings: CompiledSessionBinding[];
+  warnings: SessionBindingWarning[];
+} {
+  const warnings: SessionBindingWarning[] = [];
+  const candidates = new Map<string, DraftBinding[]>();
+  const legacyToggleVisibleOverlayGlobal = (
+    input.rawConfig?.shortcuts as Record<string, unknown> | undefined
+  )?.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal;
+  const statsToggleKey = input.statsToggleKey ?? input.rawConfig?.stats?.toggleKey ?? null;
+
+  if (legacyToggleVisibleOverlayGlobal !== undefined) {
+    warnings.push({
+      kind: 'deprecated-config',
+      path: 'shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal',
+      value: legacyToggleVisibleOverlayGlobal,
+      message: 'Rename shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal to shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlay.',
+    });
+  }
+
+  for (const shortcut of SESSION_SHORTCUT_ACTIONS) {
+    const accelerator = input.shortcuts[shortcut.key];
+    if (!accelerator) continue;
+    const parsed = parseAccelerator(accelerator, input.platform);
+    if (!parsed.key) {
+      warnings.push({
+        kind: 'unsupported',
+        path: `shortcuts.${shortcut.key}`,
+        value: accelerator,
+        message: parsed.message ?? 'Unsupported accelerator syntax.',
+      });
+      continue;
+    }
+    const binding: CompiledSessionActionBinding = {
+      sourcePath: `shortcuts.${shortcut.key}`,
+      originalKey: accelerator,
+      key: parsed.key,
+      actionType: 'session-action',
+      actionId: shortcut.actionId,
+    };
+    const signature = getSessionKeySpecSignature(parsed.key);
+    const draft = candidates.get(signature) ?? [];
+    draft.push({
+      binding,
+      actionFingerprint: getBindingFingerprint(binding),
+    });
+    candidates.set(signature, draft);
+  }
+
+  if (statsToggleKey) {
+    const parsed = parseDomKeyString(statsToggleKey, input.platform);
+    if (!parsed.key) {
+      warnings.push({
+        kind: 'unsupported',
+        path: 'stats.toggleKey',
+        value: statsToggleKey,
+        message: parsed.message ?? 'Unsupported stats toggle key syntax.',
+      });
+    } else {
+      const binding: CompiledSessionActionBinding = {
+        sourcePath: 'stats.toggleKey',
+        originalKey: statsToggleKey,
+        key: parsed.key,
+        actionType: 'session-action',
+        actionId: 'toggleStatsOverlay',
+      };
+      const signature = getSessionKeySpecSignature(parsed.key);
+      const draft = candidates.get(signature) ?? [];
+      draft.push({
+        binding,
+        actionFingerprint: getBindingFingerprint(binding),
+      });
+      candidates.set(signature, draft);
+    }
+  }
+
+  input.keybindings.forEach((binding, index) => {
+    if (!binding.command) return;
+    const parsed = parseDomKeyString(binding.key, input.platform);
+    if (!parsed.key) {
+      warnings.push({
+        kind: 'unsupported',
+        path: `keybindings[${index}].key`,
+        value: binding.key,
+        message: parsed.message ?? 'Unsupported keybinding syntax.',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    const resolved = resolveCommandBinding(binding);
+    if (!resolved) {
+      warnings.push({
+        kind: 'unsupported',
+        path: `keybindings[${index}].key`,
+        value: binding.command,
+        message: 'Unsupported keybinding command syntax.',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    const compiled: CompiledSessionBinding = {
+      sourcePath: `keybindings[${index}].key`,
+      originalKey: binding.key,
+      key: parsed.key,
+      ...resolved,
+    };
+    const signature = getSessionKeySpecSignature(parsed.key);
+    const draft = candidates.get(signature) ?? [];
+    draft.push({
+      binding: compiled,
+      actionFingerprint: getBindingFingerprint(compiled),
+    });
+    candidates.set(signature, draft);
+  });
+
+  const bindings: CompiledSessionBinding[] = [];
+  for (const [signature, draftBindings] of candidates.entries()) {
+    const uniqueFingerprints = new Set(draftBindings.map((entry) => entry.actionFingerprint));
+    if (uniqueFingerprints.size > 1) {
+      warnings.push({
+        kind: 'conflict',
+        path: draftBindings[0]!.binding.sourcePath,
+        value: signature,
+        conflictingPaths: draftBindings.map((entry) => entry.binding.sourcePath),
+        message: `Conflicting session bindings compile to ${signature}; SubMiner will bind neither action.`,
+      });
+      continue;
+    }
+    bindings.push(draftBindings[0]!.binding);
+  }
+
+  bindings.sort((left, right) => left.sourcePath.localeCompare(right.sourcePath));
+  return { bindings, warnings };
+}
+
+export function buildPluginSessionBindingsArtifact(input: {
+  bindings: CompiledSessionBinding[];
+  warnings: SessionBindingWarning[];
+  numericSelectionTimeoutMs: number;
+  now?: Date;
+}): PluginSessionBindingsArtifact {
+  return {
+    version: 1,
+    generatedAt: (input.now ?? new Date()).toISOString(),
+    numericSelectionTimeoutMs: input.numericSelectionTimeoutMs,
+    bindings: input.bindings,
+    warnings: input.warnings,
+  };
+}
--- a/src/core/services/shortcut.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/shortcut.ts
@@ -20,42 +20,6 @@ export interface RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions {
 }

 export function registerGlobalShortcuts(options: RegisterGlobalShortcutsServiceOptions): void {
-  const visibleShortcut = options.shortcuts.toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal;
-  const normalizedVisible = visibleShortcut?.replace(/\s+/g, '').toLowerCase();
-  const normalizedJimaku = options.shortcuts.openJimaku?.replace(/\s+/g, '').toLowerCase();
-  const normalizedSettings = 'alt+shift+y';
-
-  if (visibleShortcut) {
-    const toggleVisibleRegistered = globalShortcut.register(visibleShortcut, () => {
-      options.onToggleVisibleOverlay();
-    });
-    if (!toggleVisibleRegistered) {
-      logger.warn(
-        `Failed to register global shortcut toggleVisibleOverlayGlobal: ${visibleShortcut}`,
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (options.shortcuts.openJimaku && options.onOpenJimaku) {
-    if (
-      normalizedJimaku &&
-      (normalizedJimaku === normalizedVisible || normalizedJimaku === normalizedSettings)
-    ) {
-      logger.warn(
-        'Skipped registering openJimaku because it collides with another global shortcut',
-      );
-    } else {
-      const openJimakuRegistered = globalShortcut.register(options.shortcuts.openJimaku, () => {
-        options.onOpenJimaku?.();
-      });
-      if (!openJimakuRegistered) {
-        logger.warn(
-          `Failed to register global shortcut openJimaku: ${options.shortcuts.openJimaku}`,
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
  const settingsRegistered = globalShortcut.register('Alt+Shift+Y', () => {
    options.onOpenYomitanSettings();
  });
--- a/src/core/services/startup-bootstrap.test.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/startup-bootstrap.test.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,21 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    triggerFieldGrouping: false,
    triggerSubsync: false,
    markAudioCard: false,
+    toggleStatsOverlay: false,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: false,
    openRuntimeOptions: false,
+    openSessionHelp: false,
+    openControllerSelect: false,
+    openControllerDebug: false,
+    openJimaku: false,
+    openYoutubePicker: false,
+    openPlaylistBrowser: false,
+    replayCurrentSubtitle: false,
+    playNextSubtitle: false,
+    shiftSubDelayPrevLine: false,
+    shiftSubDelayNextLine: false,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionId: undefined,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionDirection: undefined,
    anilistStatus: false,
    anilistLogout: false,
    anilistSetup: false,
--- a/src/core/services/startup.ts
+++ b/src/core/services/startup.ts
@@ -311,7 +311,8 @@ export async function runAppReadyRuntime(deps: AppReadyRuntimeDeps): Promise<voi

  deps.createSubtitleTimingTracker();
  if (deps.createImmersionTracker) {
-    deps.log('Runtime ready: immersion tracker startup deferred until first media activity.');
+    deps.createImmersionTracker();
+    deps.log('Runtime ready: immersion tracker startup requested.');
  } else {
    deps.log('Runtime ready: immersion tracker dependency is missing.');
  }
--- a/src/core/utils/shortcut-config.ts
+++ b/src/core/utils/shortcut-config.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ export interface ConfiguredShortcuts {
  markAudioCard: string | null | undefined;
  openRuntimeOptions: string | null | undefined;
  openJimaku: string | null | undefined;
+  openSessionHelp: string | null | undefined;
+  openControllerSelect: string | null | undefined;
+  openControllerDebug: string | null | undefined;
+  toggleSubtitleSidebar: string | null | undefined;
 }

 export function resolveConfiguredShortcuts(
@@ -78,5 +82,17 @@ export function resolveConfiguredShortcuts(
    openJimaku: normalizeShortcut(
      config.shortcuts?.openJimaku ?? defaultConfig.shortcuts?.openJimaku,
    ),
+    openSessionHelp: normalizeShortcut(
+      config.shortcuts?.openSessionHelp ?? defaultConfig.shortcuts?.openSessionHelp,
+    ),
+    openControllerSelect: normalizeShortcut(
+      config.shortcuts?.openControllerSelect ?? defaultConfig.shortcuts?.openControllerSelect,
+    ),
+    openControllerDebug: normalizeShortcut(
+      config.shortcuts?.openControllerDebug ?? defaultConfig.shortcuts?.openControllerDebug,
+    ),
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: normalizeShortcut(
+      config.shortcuts?.toggleSubtitleSidebar ?? defaultConfig.shortcuts?.toggleSubtitleSidebar,
+    ),
  };
 }
--- a/src/main.ts
+++ b/src/main.ts
@@ -109,11 +109,13 @@ import * as os from 'os';
 import * as path from 'path';
 import { MecabTokenizer } from './mecab-tokenizer';
 import type {
+  CompiledSessionBinding,
  JimakuApiResponse,
  KikuFieldGroupingChoice,
  MpvSubtitleRenderMetrics,
  ResolvedConfig,
  RuntimeOptionState,
+  SessionActionDispatchRequest,
  SecondarySubMode,
  SubtitleData,
  SubtitlePosition,
@@ -130,6 +132,14 @@ import {
  type LogLevelSource,
 } from './logger';
 import { createWindowTracker as createWindowTrackerCore } from './window-trackers';
+import {
+  bindWindowsOverlayAboveMpv,
+  clearWindowsOverlayOwner,
+  ensureWindowsOverlayTransparency,
+  findWindowsMpvTargetWindowHandle,
+  getWindowsForegroundProcessName,
+  setWindowsOverlayOwner,
+} from './window-trackers/windows-helper';
 import {
  commandNeedsOverlayStartupPrereqs,
  commandNeedsOverlayRuntime,
@@ -342,6 +352,7 @@ import { resolveYoutubePlaybackUrl } from './core/services/youtube/playback-reso
 import { probeYoutubeTracks } from './core/services/youtube/track-probe';
 import { startStatsServer } from './core/services/stats-server';
 import { registerStatsOverlayToggle, destroyStatsWindow } from './core/services/stats-window.js';
+import { toggleStatsOverlay as toggleStatsOverlayWindow } from './core/services/stats-window.js';
 import {
  createFirstRunSetupService,
  getFirstRunSetupCompletionMessage,
@@ -404,6 +415,8 @@ import { createAnilistRateLimiter } from './core/services/anilist/rate-limiter';
 import { createJellyfinTokenStore } from './core/services/jellyfin-token-store';
 import { applyRuntimeOptionResultRuntime } from './core/services/runtime-options-ipc';
 import { createAnilistTokenStore } from './core/services/anilist/anilist-token-store';
+import { buildPluginSessionBindingsArtifact, compileSessionBindings } from './core/services/session-bindings';
+import { dispatchSessionAction as dispatchSessionActionCore } from './core/services/session-actions';
 import { createBuildOverlayShortcutsRuntimeMainDepsHandler } from './main/runtime/domains/shortcuts';
 import { createMainRuntimeRegistry } from './main/runtime/registry';
 import {
@@ -439,7 +452,14 @@ import { handleCliCommandRuntimeServiceWithContext } from './main/cli-runtime';
 import { createOverlayModalRuntimeService } from './main/overlay-runtime';
 import { createOverlayModalInputState } from './main/runtime/overlay-modal-input-state';
 import { openYoutubeTrackPicker } from './main/runtime/youtube-picker-open';
+import { openRuntimeOptionsModal as openRuntimeOptionsModalRuntime } from './main/runtime/runtime-options-open';
+import { openJimakuModal as openJimakuModalRuntime } from './main/runtime/jimaku-open';
+import { openSessionHelpModal as openSessionHelpModalRuntime } from './main/runtime/session-help-open';
+import { openControllerSelectModal as openControllerSelectModalRuntime } from './main/runtime/controller-select-open';
+import { openControllerDebugModal as openControllerDebugModalRuntime } from './main/runtime/controller-debug-open';
 import { createPlaylistBrowserIpcRuntime } from './main/runtime/playlist-browser-ipc';
+import { writeSessionBindingsArtifact } from './main/runtime/session-bindings-artifact';
+import { openOverlayHostedModal } from './main/runtime/overlay-hosted-modal-open';
 import { createOverlayShortcutsRuntimeService } from './main/overlay-shortcuts-runtime';
 import {
  createFrequencyDictionaryRuntimeService,
@@ -1470,9 +1490,7 @@ const overlayShortcutsRuntime = createOverlayShortcutsRuntimeService(
      openRuntimeOptionsPalette();
    },
    openJimaku: () => {
-      sendToActiveOverlayWindow('jimaku:open', undefined, {
-        restoreOnModalClose: 'jimaku',
-      });
+      openJimakuOverlay();
    },
    markAudioCard: () => markLastCardAsAudioCard(),
    copySubtitleMultiple: (timeoutMs: number) => {
@@ -1526,6 +1544,9 @@ const buildConfigHotReloadAppliedMainDepsHandler = createBuildConfigHotReloadApp
    setKeybindings: (keybindings) => {
      appState.keybindings = keybindings;
    },
+    setSessionBindings: (sessionBindings) => {
+      persistSessionBindings(sessionBindings);
+    },
    refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => {
      refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts();
    },
@@ -1835,6 +1856,9 @@ const overlayVisibilityRuntime = createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(
    getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => overlayManager.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
    getForceMousePassthrough: () => appState.statsOverlayVisible,
    getWindowTracker: () => appState.windowTracker,
+    getLastKnownWindowsForegroundProcessName: () => lastWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcessName,
+    getWindowsOverlayProcessName: () => path.parse(process.execPath).name.toLowerCase(),
+    getWindowsFocusHandoffGraceActive: () => hasWindowsVisibleOverlayFocusHandoffGrace(),
    getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => appState.trackerNotReadyWarningShown,
    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
      appState.trackerNotReadyWarningShown = shown;
@@ -1843,6 +1867,9 @@ const overlayVisibilityRuntime = createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(
    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window) => {
      ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window);
    },
+    syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: (_window) => {
+      requestWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSync();
+    },
    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer) => {
      syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer(layer);
    },
@@ -1870,6 +1897,237 @@ const overlayVisibilityRuntime = createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(
    },
  })(),
 );
+
+const WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_BLUR_REFRESH_DELAYS_MS = [0, 25, 100, 250] as const;
+const WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_Z_ORDER_RETRY_DELAYS_MS = [0, 48, 120, 240, 480] as const;
+const WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_FOREGROUND_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 75;
+const WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_FOCUS_HANDOFF_GRACE_MS = 200;
+let windowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts: Array<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>> = [];
+let windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts: Array<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>> = [];
+let windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncInFlight = false;
+let windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncQueued = false;
+let windowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollInterval: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null;
+let lastWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcessName: string | null = null;
+let lastWindowsVisibleOverlayBlurredAtMs = 0;
+
+function clearWindowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts(): void {
+  for (const timeout of windowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts) {
+    clearTimeout(timeout);
+  }
+  windowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts = [];
+}
+
+function clearWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts(): void {
+  for (const timeout of windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts) {
+    clearTimeout(timeout);
+  }
+  windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts = [];
+}
+
+function getWindowsNativeWindowHandle(window: BrowserWindow): string {
+  const handle = window.getNativeWindowHandle();
+  return handle.length >= 8
+    ? handle.readBigUInt64LE(0).toString()
+    : BigInt(handle.readUInt32LE(0)).toString();
+}
+
+function getWindowsNativeWindowHandleNumber(window: BrowserWindow): number {
+  const handle = window.getNativeWindowHandle();
+  return handle.length >= 8
+    ? Number(handle.readBigUInt64LE(0))
+    : handle.readUInt32LE(0);
+}
+
+function resolveWindowsOverlayBindTargetHandle(targetMpvSocketPath?: string | null): number | null {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    void targetMpvSocketPath;
+    return findWindowsMpvTargetWindowHandle();
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+async function syncWindowsVisibleOverlayToMpvZOrder(): Promise<boolean> {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const mainWindow = overlayManager.getMainWindow();
+  if (
+    !mainWindow ||
+    mainWindow.isDestroyed() ||
+    !mainWindow.isVisible() ||
+    !overlayManager.getVisibleOverlayVisible()
+  ) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const windowTracker = appState.windowTracker;
+  if (!windowTracker) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (
+    typeof windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized === 'function' &&
+    windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized()
+  ) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!windowTracker.isTracking() && windowTracker.getGeometry() === null) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const overlayHwnd = getWindowsNativeWindowHandleNumber(mainWindow);
+  const targetWindowHwnd = resolveWindowsOverlayBindTargetHandle(appState.mpvSocketPath);
+  if (targetWindowHwnd !== null && bindWindowsOverlayAboveMpv(overlayHwnd, targetWindowHwnd)) {
+    (mainWindow as BrowserWindow & { setOpacity?: (opacity: number) => void }).setOpacity?.(1);
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+function requestWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSync(): void {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncInFlight) {
+    windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncQueued = true;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncInFlight = true;
+  void syncWindowsVisibleOverlayToMpvZOrder()
+    .catch((error) => {
+      logger.warn('Failed to bind Windows overlay z-order to mpv', error);
+    })
+    .finally(() => {
+      windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncInFlight = false;
+      if (!windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncQueued) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncQueued = false;
+      requestWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSync();
+    });
+}
+
+function scheduleWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncBurst(): void {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  clearWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts();
+  for (const delayMs of WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_Z_ORDER_RETRY_DELAYS_MS) {
+    const retryTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+      windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts = windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts.filter(
+        (timeout) => timeout !== retryTimeout,
+      );
+      requestWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSync();
+    }, delayMs);
+    windowsVisibleOverlayZOrderRetryTimeouts.push(retryTimeout);
+  }
+}
+
+function hasWindowsVisibleOverlayFocusHandoffGrace(): boolean {
+  return (
+    process.platform === 'win32' &&
+    lastWindowsVisibleOverlayBlurredAtMs > 0 &&
+    Date.now() - lastWindowsVisibleOverlayBlurredAtMs <=
+      WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_FOCUS_HANDOFF_GRACE_MS
+  );
+}
+
+function shouldPollWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcess(): boolean {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32' || !overlayManager.getVisibleOverlayVisible()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const mainWindow = overlayManager.getMainWindow();
+  if (!mainWindow || mainWindow.isDestroyed()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const windowTracker = appState.windowTracker;
+  if (!windowTracker) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (
+    typeof windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized === 'function' &&
+    windowTracker.isTargetWindowMinimized()
+  ) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const overlayFocused = mainWindow.isFocused();
+  const trackerFocused = windowTracker.isTargetWindowFocused?.() ?? false;
+  return !overlayFocused && !trackerFocused;
+}
+
+function maybePollWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcess(): void {
+  if (!shouldPollWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcess()) {
+    lastWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcessName = null;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const processName = getWindowsForegroundProcessName();
+  const normalizedProcessName = processName?.trim().toLowerCase() ?? null;
+  const previousProcessName = lastWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcessName;
+  lastWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcessName = normalizedProcessName;
+
+  if (normalizedProcessName !== previousProcessName) {
+    overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
+  }
+  if (normalizedProcessName === 'mpv' && previousProcessName !== 'mpv') {
+    requestWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSync();
+  }
+}
+
+function ensureWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop(): void {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32' || windowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollInterval !== null) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  windowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollInterval = setInterval(() => {
+    maybePollWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundProcess();
+  }, WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_FOREGROUND_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
+}
+
+function clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop(): void {
+  if (windowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollInterval === null) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  clearInterval(windowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollInterval);
+  windowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollInterval = null;
+}
+
+function scheduleVisibleOverlayBlurRefresh(): void {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  lastWindowsVisibleOverlayBlurredAtMs = Date.now();
+  clearWindowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts();
+  for (const delayMs of WINDOWS_VISIBLE_OVERLAY_BLUR_REFRESH_DELAYS_MS) {
+    const refreshTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+      windowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts = windowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts.filter(
+        (timeout) => timeout !== refreshTimeout,
+      );
+      overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
+    }, delayMs);
+    windowsVisibleOverlayBlurRefreshTimeouts.push(refreshTimeout);
+  }
+}
+
+ensureWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop();
+
 const buildGetRuntimeOptionsStateMainDepsHandler = createBuildGetRuntimeOptionsStateMainDepsHandler(
  {
    getRuntimeOptionsManager: () => appState.runtimeOptionsManager,
@@ -1957,8 +2215,84 @@ function setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabled(enabled: boolean): void {
  overlayVisibilityComposer.setOverlayDebugVisualizationEnabled(enabled);
 }

+function createOverlayHostedModalOpenDeps(): {
+  ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => void;
+  ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => void;
+  sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (
+    channel: string,
+    payload?: unknown,
+    runtimeOptions?: {
+      restoreOnModalClose?: OverlayHostedModal;
+      preferModalWindow?: boolean;
+    },
+  ) => boolean;
+  waitForModalOpen: (modal: OverlayHostedModal, timeoutMs: number) => Promise<boolean>;
+  logWarn: (message: string) => void;
+} {
+  return {
+    ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs(),
+    ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () =>
+      ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions(),
+    sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (channel, payload, runtimeOptions) =>
+      sendToActiveOverlayWindow(channel, payload, runtimeOptions),
+    waitForModalOpen: (modal, timeoutMs) => overlayModalRuntime.waitForModalOpen(modal, timeoutMs),
+    logWarn: (message) => logger.warn(message),
+  };
+}
+
+function openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+  openModal: (deps: ReturnType<typeof createOverlayHostedModalOpenDeps>) => Promise<boolean>,
+  unavailableMessage: string,
+  failureLogMessage: string,
+): void {
+  void openModal(createOverlayHostedModalOpenDeps()).then((opened) => {
+    if (!opened) {
+      showMpvOsd(unavailableMessage);
+    }
+  }).catch((error) => {
+    logger.error(failureLogMessage, error);
+    showMpvOsd(unavailableMessage);
+  });
+}
+
 function openRuntimeOptionsPalette(): void {
-  overlayVisibilityComposer.openRuntimeOptionsPalette();
+  openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+    openRuntimeOptionsModalRuntime,
+    'Runtime options overlay unavailable.',
+    'Failed to open runtime options overlay.',
+  );
+}
+
+function openJimakuOverlay(): void {
+  openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+    openJimakuModalRuntime,
+    'Jimaku overlay unavailable.',
+    'Failed to open Jimaku overlay.',
+  );
+}
+
+function openSessionHelpOverlay(): void {
+  openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+    openSessionHelpModalRuntime,
+    'Session help overlay unavailable.',
+    'Failed to open session help overlay.',
+  );
+}
+
+function openControllerSelectOverlay(): void {
+  openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+    openControllerSelectModalRuntime,
+    'Controller select overlay unavailable.',
+    'Failed to open controller select overlay.',
+  );
+}
+
+function openControllerDebugOverlay(): void {
+  openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+    openControllerDebugModalRuntime,
+    'Controller debug overlay unavailable.',
+    'Failed to open controller debug overlay.',
+  );
 }

 function openPlaylistBrowser(): void {
@@ -1966,16 +2300,11 @@ function openPlaylistBrowser(): void {
    showMpvOsd('Playlist browser requires active playback.');
    return;
  }
-  const opened = openPlaylistBrowserRuntime({
-    ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs(),
-    ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () =>
-      ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions(),
-    sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (channel, payload, runtimeOptions) =>
-      sendToActiveOverlayWindow(channel, payload, runtimeOptions),
-  });
-  if (!opened) {
-    showMpvOsd('Playlist browser overlay unavailable.');
-  }
+  openOverlayHostedModalWithOsd(
+    openPlaylistBrowserRuntime,
+    'Playlist browser overlay unavailable.',
+    'Failed to open playlist browser overlay.',
+  );
 }

 function getResolvedConfig() {
@@ -2746,6 +3075,8 @@ const {
      annotationSubtitleWsService.stop();
    },
    stopTexthookerService: () => texthookerService.stop(),
+    clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () =>
+      clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop(),
    getMainOverlayWindow: () => overlayManager.getMainWindow(),
    clearMainOverlayWindow: () => overlayManager.setMainWindow(null),
    getModalOverlayWindow: () => overlayManager.getModalWindow(),
@@ -3146,6 +3477,7 @@ const { appReadyRuntimeRunner } = composeAppReadyRuntime({
    loadSubtitlePosition: () => loadSubtitlePosition(),
    resolveKeybindings: () => {
      appState.keybindings = resolveKeybindings(getResolvedConfig(), DEFAULT_KEYBINDINGS);
+      refreshCurrentSessionBindings();
    },
    createMpvClient: () => {
      appState.mpvClient = createMpvClientRuntimeService();
@@ -3288,6 +3620,9 @@ function ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs(): void {
  }
  if (appState.keybindings.length === 0) {
    appState.keybindings = resolveKeybindings(getResolvedConfig(), DEFAULT_KEYBINDINGS);
+    refreshCurrentSessionBindings();
+  } else if (appState.sessionBindings.length === 0) {
+    refreshCurrentSessionBindings();
  }
  if (!appState.mpvClient) {
    appState.mpvClient = createMpvClientRuntimeService();
@@ -3674,6 +4009,12 @@ function applyOverlayRegions(geometry: WindowGeometry): void {
 const buildUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler =
  createBuildUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler({
    setOverlayWindowBounds: (geometry) => applyOverlayRegions(geometry),
+    afterSetOverlayWindowBounds: () => {
+      if (process.platform !== 'win32' || !overlayManager.getVisibleOverlayVisible()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      scheduleWindowsVisibleOverlayZOrderSyncBurst();
+    },
  });
 const updateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDeps = buildUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsMainDepsHandler();
 const updateVisibleOverlayBounds = createUpdateVisibleOverlayBoundsHandler(
@@ -3796,7 +4137,14 @@ function createModalWindow(): BrowserWindow {
 }

 function createMainWindow(): BrowserWindow {
-  return createMainWindowHandler();
+  const window = createMainWindowHandler();
+  if (process.platform === 'win32') {
+    const overlayHwnd = getWindowsNativeWindowHandleNumber(window);
+    if (!ensureWindowsOverlayTransparency(overlayHwnd)) {
+      logger.warn('Failed to eagerly extend Windows overlay transparency via koffi');
+    }
+  }
+  return window;
 }

 function ensureTray(): void {
@@ -3873,6 +4221,54 @@ const {
  },
 });

+function resolveSessionBindingPlatform(): 'darwin' | 'win32' | 'linux' {
+  if (process.platform === 'darwin') return 'darwin';
+  if (process.platform === 'win32') return 'win32';
+  return 'linux';
+}
+
+function compileCurrentSessionBindings(): {
+  bindings: CompiledSessionBinding[];
+  warnings: ReturnType<typeof compileSessionBindings>['warnings'];
+} {
+  return compileSessionBindings({
+    keybindings: appState.keybindings,
+    shortcuts: getConfiguredShortcuts(),
+    statsToggleKey: getResolvedConfig().stats.toggleKey,
+    platform: resolveSessionBindingPlatform(),
+    rawConfig: getResolvedConfig(),
+  });
+}
+
+function persistSessionBindings(
+  bindings: CompiledSessionBinding[],
+  warnings: ReturnType<typeof compileSessionBindings>['warnings'] = [],
+): void {
+  appState.sessionBindings = bindings;
+  writeSessionBindingsArtifact(
+    CONFIG_DIR,
+    buildPluginSessionBindingsArtifact({
+      bindings,
+      warnings,
+      numericSelectionTimeoutMs: getConfiguredShortcuts().multiCopyTimeoutMs,
+    }),
+  );
+  if (appState.mpvClient?.connected) {
+    sendMpvCommandRuntime(appState.mpvClient, [
+      'script-message',
+      'subminer-reload-session-bindings',
+    ]);
+  }
+}
+
+function refreshCurrentSessionBindings(): void {
+  const compiled = compileCurrentSessionBindings();
+  for (const warning of compiled.warnings) {
+    logger.warn(`[session-bindings] ${warning.message}`);
+  }
+  persistSessionBindings(compiled.bindings, compiled.warnings);
+}
+
 const { flushMpvLog, showMpvOsd } = createMpvOsdRuntimeHandlers({
  appendToMpvLogMainDeps: {
    logPath: DEFAULT_MPV_LOG_PATH,
@@ -3923,6 +4319,10 @@ function handleCycleSecondarySubMode(): void {
  cycleSecondarySubMode();
 }

+function toggleSubtitleSidebar(): void {
+  broadcastToOverlayWindows(IPC_CHANNELS.event.subtitleSidebarToggle);
+}
+
 async function triggerSubsyncFromConfig(): Promise<void> {
  await subsyncRuntime.triggerFromConfig();
 }
@@ -4184,6 +4584,55 @@ const shiftSubtitleDelayToAdjacentCueHandler = createShiftSubtitleDelayToAdjacen
  showMpvOsd: (text) => showMpvOsd(text),
 });

+async function dispatchSessionAction(request: SessionActionDispatchRequest): Promise<void> {
+  await dispatchSessionActionCore(request, {
+    toggleStatsOverlay: () =>
+      toggleStatsOverlayWindow({
+        staticDir: statsDistPath,
+        preloadPath: statsPreloadPath,
+        getApiBaseUrl: () => ensureStatsServerStarted(),
+        getToggleKey: () => getResolvedConfig().stats.toggleKey,
+        resolveBounds: () => getCurrentOverlayGeometry(),
+        onVisibilityChanged: (visible) => {
+          appState.statsOverlayVisible = visible;
+          overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
+        },
+      }),
+    toggleVisibleOverlay: () => toggleVisibleOverlay(),
+    copyCurrentSubtitle: () => copyCurrentSubtitle(),
+    copySubtitleCount: (count) => handleMultiCopyDigit(count),
+    updateLastCardFromClipboard: () => updateLastCardFromClipboard(),
+    triggerFieldGrouping: () => triggerFieldGrouping(),
+    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => triggerSubsyncFromConfig(),
+    mineSentenceCard: () => mineSentenceCard(),
+    mineSentenceCount: (count) => handleMineSentenceDigit(count),
+    toggleSecondarySub: () => handleCycleSecondarySubMode(),
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: () => toggleSubtitleSidebar(),
+    markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => markLastCardAsAudioCard(),
+    openRuntimeOptionsPalette: () => openRuntimeOptionsPalette(),
+    openJimaku: () => openJimakuOverlay(),
+    openSessionHelp: () => openSessionHelpOverlay(),
+    openControllerSelect: () => openControllerSelectOverlay(),
+    openControllerDebug: () => openControllerDebugOverlay(),
+    openYoutubeTrackPicker: () => openYoutubeTrackPickerFromPlayback(),
+    openPlaylistBrowser: () => openPlaylistBrowser(),
+    replayCurrentSubtitle: () => replayCurrentSubtitleRuntime(appState.mpvClient),
+    playNextSubtitle: () => playNextSubtitleRuntime(appState.mpvClient),
+    shiftSubDelayToAdjacentSubtitle: (direction) =>
+      shiftSubtitleDelayToAdjacentCueHandler(direction),
+    cycleRuntimeOption: (id, direction) => {
+      if (!appState.runtimeOptionsManager) {
+        return { ok: false, error: 'Runtime options manager unavailable' };
+      }
+      return applyRuntimeOptionResultRuntime(
+        appState.runtimeOptionsManager.cycleOption(id, direction),
+        (text) => showMpvOsd(text),
+      );
+    },
+    showMpvOsd: (text) => showMpvOsd(text),
+  });
+}
+
 const { playlistBrowserMainDeps } = createPlaylistBrowserIpcRuntime(() => appState.mpvClient, {
  getPrimarySubtitleLanguages: () => getResolvedConfig().youtube.primarySubLanguages,
  getSecondarySubtitleLanguages: () => getResolvedConfig().secondarySub.secondarySubLanguages,
@@ -4193,7 +4642,7 @@ const { registerIpcRuntimeHandlers } = composeIpcRuntimeHandlers({
  mpvCommandMainDeps: {
    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => triggerSubsyncFromConfig(),
    openRuntimeOptionsPalette: () => openRuntimeOptionsPalette(),
-    openJimaku: () => overlayModalRuntime.openJimaku(),
+    openJimaku: () => openJimakuOverlay(),
    openYoutubeTrackPicker: () => openYoutubeTrackPickerFromPlayback(),
    openPlaylistBrowser: () => openPlaylistBrowser(),
    cycleRuntimeOption: (id, direction) => {
@@ -4233,7 +4682,17 @@ const { registerIpcRuntimeHandlers } = composeIpcRuntimeHandlers({
          mainWindow.focus();
        }
      },
-      onOverlayModalClosed: (modal) => {
+      onOverlayModalClosed: (modal, senderWindow) => {
+        const modalWindow = overlayManager.getModalWindow();
+        if (
+          senderWindow &&
+          modalWindow &&
+          senderWindow === modalWindow &&
+          !senderWindow.isDestroyed()
+        ) {
+          senderWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(true, { forward: true });
+          senderWindow.hide();
+        }
        handleOverlayModalClosed(modal);
      },
      onOverlayModalOpened: (modal) => {
@@ -4341,7 +4800,9 @@ const { registerIpcRuntimeHandlers } = composeIpcRuntimeHandlers({
      saveSubtitlePosition: (position) => saveSubtitlePosition(position),
      getMecabTokenizer: () => appState.mecabTokenizer,
      getKeybindings: () => appState.keybindings,
+      getSessionBindings: () => appState.sessionBindings,
      getConfiguredShortcuts: () => getConfiguredShortcuts(),
+      dispatchSessionAction: (request) => dispatchSessionAction(request),
      getStatsToggleKey: () => getResolvedConfig().stats.toggleKey,
      getMarkWatchedKey: () => getResolvedConfig().stats.markWatchedKey,
      getControllerConfig: () => getResolvedConfig().controller,
@@ -4462,6 +4923,7 @@ const { handleCliCommand, handleInitialArgs } = composeCliStartupHandlers({
    printHelp: () => printHelp(DEFAULT_TEXTHOOKER_PORT),
    stopApp: () => requestAppQuit(),
    hasMainWindow: () => Boolean(overlayManager.getMainWindow()),
+    dispatchSessionAction: (request: SessionActionDispatchRequest) => dispatchSessionAction(request),
    getMultiCopyTimeoutMs: () => getConfiguredShortcuts().multiCopyTimeoutMs,
    schedule: (fn: () => void, delayMs: number) => setTimeout(fn, delayMs),
    logInfo: (message: string) => logger.info(message),
@@ -4595,6 +5057,8 @@ const { createMainWindow: createMainWindowHandler, createModalWindow: createModa
      tryHandleOverlayShortcutLocalFallback: (input) =>
        overlayShortcutsRuntime.tryHandleOverlayShortcutLocalFallback(input),
      forwardTabToMpv: () => sendMpvCommandRuntime(appState.mpvClient, ['keypress', 'TAB']),
+      onVisibleWindowBlurred: () => scheduleVisibleOverlayBlurRefresh(),
+      onWindowContentReady: () => overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(),
      onWindowClosed: (windowKind) => {
        if (windowKind === 'visible') {
          overlayManager.setMainWindow(null);
@@ -4696,6 +5160,9 @@ const { initializeOverlayRuntime: initializeOverlayRuntimeHandler } =
        updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () =>
          overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(),
      },
+      refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => {
+        subtitleProcessingController.refreshCurrentSubtitle(appState.currentSubText);
+      },
      overlayShortcutsRuntime: {
        syncOverlayShortcuts: () => overlayShortcutsRuntime.syncOverlayShortcuts(),
      },
@@ -4719,6 +5186,40 @@ const { initializeOverlayRuntime: initializeOverlayRuntimeHandler } =
      },
      updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) =>
        updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
+      bindOverlayOwner: () => {
+        const mainWindow = overlayManager.getMainWindow();
+        if (process.platform !== 'win32' || !mainWindow || mainWindow.isDestroyed()) return;
+        const overlayHwnd = getWindowsNativeWindowHandleNumber(mainWindow);
+        const targetWindowHwnd = resolveWindowsOverlayBindTargetHandle(appState.mpvSocketPath);
+        if (targetWindowHwnd !== null && bindWindowsOverlayAboveMpv(overlayHwnd, targetWindowHwnd)) {
+          return;
+        }
+        const tracker = appState.windowTracker;
+        const mpvResult = tracker
+          ? (() => {
+              try {
+                const win32 = require('./window-trackers/win32') as typeof import('./window-trackers/win32');
+                const poll = win32.findMpvWindows();
+                const focused = poll.matches.find((m) => m.isForeground);
+                return focused ?? [...poll.matches].sort((a, b) => b.area - a.area)[0] ?? null;
+              } catch {
+                return null;
+              }
+            })()
+          : null;
+        if (!mpvResult) return;
+        if (!setWindowsOverlayOwner(overlayHwnd, mpvResult.hwnd)) {
+          logger.warn('Failed to set overlay owner via koffi');
+        }
+      },
+      releaseOverlayOwner: () => {
+        const mainWindow = overlayManager.getMainWindow();
+        if (process.platform !== 'win32' || !mainWindow || mainWindow.isDestroyed()) return;
+        const overlayHwnd = getWindowsNativeWindowHandleNumber(mainWindow);
+        if (!clearWindowsOverlayOwner(overlayHwnd)) {
+          logger.warn('Failed to clear overlay owner via koffi');
+        }
+      },
      getOverlayWindows: () => getOverlayWindows(),
      getResolvedConfig: () => getResolvedConfig(),
      showDesktopNotification,
--- a/src/main/boot/services.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/boot/services.test.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test('createMainBootServices builds boot-phase service bundle', () => {
    { kind: string },
    { scope: string; warn: () => void; info: () => void; error: () => void },
    { registry: boolean },
-    { getModalWindow: () => null },
+    { getMainWindow: () => null; getModalWindow: () => null },
    {
      inputState: boolean;
      getModalInputExclusive: () => boolean;
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ test('createMainBootServices builds boot-phase service bundle', () => {
      }) as const,
    createMainRuntimeRegistry: () => ({ registry: true }),
    createOverlayManager: () => ({
+      getMainWindow: () => null,
      getModalWindow: () => null,
    }),
    createOverlayModalInputState: () => ({
--- a/src/main/boot/services.ts
+++ b/src/main/boot/services.ts
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ export interface MainBootServicesParams<
    getModalWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null;
    syncOverlayShortcutsForModal: (isActive: boolean) => void;
    syncOverlayVisibilityForModal: () => void;
+    restoreMainWindowFocus?: () => void;
  }) => TOverlayModalInputState;
  createOverlayContentMeasurementStore: (params: {
    logger: TLogger;
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ export function createMainBootServices<
  TSubtitleWebSocket,
  TLogger,
  TRuntimeRegistry,
-  TOverlayManager extends { getModalWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null },
+  TOverlayManager extends { getMainWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null; getModalWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null },
  TOverlayModalInputState extends OverlayModalInputStateShape,
  TOverlayContentMeasurementStore,
  TOverlayModalRuntime,
@@ -212,6 +213,26 @@ export function createMainBootServices<
    syncOverlayVisibilityForModal: () => {
      params.getSyncOverlayVisibilityForModal()();
    },
+    restoreMainWindowFocus: () => {
+      const mainWindow = overlayManager.getMainWindow();
+      if (!mainWindow || mainWindow.isDestroyed() || !mainWindow.isVisible()) return;
+      try {
+        const electron = require('electron') as {
+          app?: { focus?: (options?: { steal?: boolean }) => void };
+        };
+        electron.app?.focus?.({ steal: true });
+      } catch {
+        // Ignore in non-Electron environments.
+      }
+      const maybeFocusable = mainWindow as typeof mainWindow & {
+        setFocusable?: (focusable: boolean) => void;
+      };
+      maybeFocusable.setFocusable?.(true);
+      mainWindow.focus();
+      if (!mainWindow.webContents.isFocused()) {
+        mainWindow.webContents.focus();
+      }
+    },
  });
  const overlayContentMeasurementStore = params.createOverlayContentMeasurementStore({
    logger,
--- a/src/main/cli-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/cli-runtime.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ export interface CliCommandRuntimeServiceContext {
  triggerFieldGrouping: () => Promise<void>;
  triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => Promise<void>;
  markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => Promise<void>;
+  dispatchSessionAction: CliCommandRuntimeServiceDepsParams['dispatchSessionAction'];
  getAnilistStatus: CliCommandRuntimeServiceDepsParams['anilist']['getStatus'];
  clearAnilistToken: CliCommandRuntimeServiceDepsParams['anilist']['clearToken'];
  openAnilistSetup: CliCommandRuntimeServiceDepsParams['anilist']['openSetup'];
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ function createCliCommandDepsFromContext(
      hasMainWindow: context.hasMainWindow,
      runYoutubePlaybackFlow: context.runYoutubePlaybackFlow,
    },
+    dispatchSessionAction: context.dispatchSessionAction,
    ui: {
      openFirstRunSetup: context.openFirstRunSetup,
      openYomitanSettings: context.openYomitanSettings,
--- a/src/main/dependencies.ts
+++ b/src/main/dependencies.ts
@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@ export interface MainIpcRuntimeServiceDepsParams {
  getMecabTokenizer: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getMecabTokenizer'];
  handleMpvCommand: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['handleMpvCommand'];
  getKeybindings: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getKeybindings'];
+  getSessionBindings: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getSessionBindings'];
  getConfiguredShortcuts: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getConfiguredShortcuts'];
+  dispatchSessionAction: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['dispatchSessionAction'];
  getStatsToggleKey: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getStatsToggleKey'];
  getMarkWatchedKey: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getMarkWatchedKey'];
  getControllerConfig: IpcDepsRuntimeOptions['getControllerConfig'];
@@ -178,6 +180,7 @@ export interface CliCommandRuntimeServiceDepsParams {
    hasMainWindow: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['app']['hasMainWindow'];
    runYoutubePlaybackFlow: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['app']['runYoutubePlaybackFlow'];
  };
+  dispatchSessionAction: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['dispatchSessionAction'];
  ui: {
    openFirstRunSetup: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['ui']['openFirstRunSetup'];
    openYomitanSettings: CliCommandDepsRuntimeOptions['ui']['openYomitanSettings'];
@@ -233,7 +236,9 @@ export function createMainIpcRuntimeServiceDeps(
    getMecabTokenizer: params.getMecabTokenizer,
    handleMpvCommand: params.handleMpvCommand,
    getKeybindings: params.getKeybindings,
+    getSessionBindings: params.getSessionBindings,
    getConfiguredShortcuts: params.getConfiguredShortcuts,
+    dispatchSessionAction: params.dispatchSessionAction,
    getStatsToggleKey: params.getStatsToggleKey,
    getMarkWatchedKey: params.getMarkWatchedKey,
    getControllerConfig: params.getControllerConfig,
@@ -347,6 +352,7 @@ export function createCliCommandRuntimeServiceDeps(
      hasMainWindow: params.app.hasMainWindow,
      runYoutubePlaybackFlow: params.app.runYoutubePlaybackFlow,
    },
+    dispatchSessionAction: params.dispatchSessionAction,
    ui: {
      openFirstRunSetup: params.ui.openFirstRunSetup,
      openYomitanSettings: params.ui.openYomitanSettings,
--- a/src/main/overlay-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/overlay-runtime.test.ts
@@ -7,13 +7,16 @@ type MockWindow = {
  visible: boolean;
  focused: boolean;
  ignoreMouseEvents: boolean;
+  forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents: boolean;
  webContentsFocused: boolean;
  showCount: number;
  hideCount: number;
  sent: unknown[][];
  loading: boolean;
  url: string;
+  contentReady: boolean;
  loadCallbacks: Array<() => void>;
+  readyToShowCallbacks: Array<() => void>;
 };

 function createMockWindow(): MockWindow & {
@@ -28,7 +31,9 @@ function createMockWindow(): MockWindow & {
  getHideCount: () => number;
  show: () => void;
  hide: () => void;
+  destroy: () => void;
  focus: () => void;
+  once: (event: 'ready-to-show', cb: () => void) => void;
  webContents: {
    focused: boolean;
    isLoading: () => boolean;
@@ -44,13 +49,16 @@ function createMockWindow(): MockWindow & {
    visible: false,
    focused: false,
    ignoreMouseEvents: false,
+    forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents: false,
    webContentsFocused: false,
    showCount: 0,
    hideCount: 0,
    sent: [],
    loading: false,
    url: 'file:///overlay/index.html?layer=modal',
+    contentReady: true,
    loadCallbacks: [],
+    readyToShowCallbacks: [],
  };
  const window = {
    ...state,
@@ -58,8 +66,9 @@ function createMockWindow(): MockWindow & {
    isVisible: () => state.visible,
    isFocused: () => state.focused,
    getURL: () => state.url,
-    setIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore: boolean, _options?: { forward?: boolean }) => {
+    setIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore: boolean, options?: { forward?: boolean }) => {
      state.ignoreMouseEvents = ignore;
+      state.forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents = options?.forward === true;
    },
    setAlwaysOnTop: (_flag: boolean, _level?: string, _relativeLevel?: number) => {},
    moveTop: () => {},
@@ -73,9 +82,16 @@ function createMockWindow(): MockWindow & {
      state.visible = false;
      state.hideCount += 1;
    },
+    destroy: () => {
+      state.destroyed = true;
+      state.visible = false;
+    },
    focus: () => {
      state.focused = true;
    },
+    once: (_event: 'ready-to-show', cb: () => void) => {
+      state.readyToShowCallbacks.push(cb);
+    },
    webContents: {
      isLoading: () => state.loading,
      getURL: () => state.url,
@@ -139,6 +155,25 @@ function createMockWindow(): MockWindow & {
    },
  });

+  Object.defineProperty(window, 'forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents', {
+    get: () => state.forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents,
+    set: (value: boolean) => {
+      state.forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents = value;
+    },
+  });
+
+  Object.defineProperty(window, 'contentReady', {
+    get: () => state.contentReady,
+    set: (value: boolean) => {
+      state.contentReady = value;
+      (window as typeof window & { __subminerOverlayContentReady?: boolean }).__subminerOverlayContentReady =
+        value;
+    },
+  });
+
+  (window as typeof window & { __subminerOverlayContentReady?: boolean }).__subminerOverlayContentReady =
+    state.contentReady;
+
  return window;
 }

@@ -195,10 +230,29 @@ test('sendToActiveOverlayWindow creates modal window lazily when absent', () =>
  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, [['jimaku:open']]);
 });

+test('sendToActiveOverlayWindow does not retain restore state when modal creation fails', () => {
+  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
+    getMainWindow: () => null,
+    getModalWindow: () => null,
+    createModalWindow: () => null,
+    getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300 }),
+    setModalWindowBounds: () => {},
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(
+    runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+      restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+    }),
+    false,
+  );
+  assert.equal(runtime.getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose().has('runtime-options'), false);
+});
+
 test('sendToActiveOverlayWindow waits for blank modal URL before sending open command', () => {
  const window = createMockWindow();
  window.url = '';
  window.loading = true;
+  window.contentReady = false;
  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
    getMainWindow: () => null,
    getModalWindow: () => window as never,
@@ -217,9 +271,14 @@ test('sendToActiveOverlayWindow waits for blank modal URL before sending open co
  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, []);

  assert.equal(window.loadCallbacks.length, 1);
+  assert.equal(window.readyToShowCallbacks.length, 1);
  window.loading = false;
  window.url = 'file:///overlay/index.html?layer=modal';
  window.loadCallbacks[0]!();
+  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, []);
+
+  window.contentReady = true;
+  window.readyToShowCallbacks[0]!();

  runtime.notifyOverlayModalOpened('runtime-options');
  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, [['runtime-options:open']]);
@@ -248,10 +307,10 @@ test('handleOverlayModalClosed hides modal window only after all pending modals
  );

  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('runtime-options');
-  assert.equal(window.getHideCount(), 0);
+  assert.equal(window.isDestroyed(), false);

  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('subsync');
-  assert.equal(window.getHideCount(), 1);
+  assert.equal(window.isDestroyed(), true);
 });

 test('sendToActiveOverlayWindow prefers visible main overlay window for modal open', () => {
@@ -325,11 +384,12 @@ test('modal window path makes visible main overlay click-through until modal clo

  assert.equal(sent, true);
  assert.equal(mainWindow.ignoreMouseEvents, true);
+  assert.equal(mainWindow.forwardedIgnoreMouseEvents, true);
  assert.equal(modalWindow.ignoreMouseEvents, false);

  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('youtube-track-picker');

-  assert.equal(mainWindow.ignoreMouseEvents, false);
+  assert.equal(mainWindow.ignoreMouseEvents, true);
 });

 test('modal window path hides visible main overlay until modal closes', () => {
@@ -359,8 +419,8 @@ test('modal window path hides visible main overlay until modal closes', () => {

  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('youtube-track-picker');

-  assert.equal(mainWindow.getShowCount(), 1);
-  assert.equal(mainWindow.isVisible(), true);
+  assert.equal(mainWindow.getShowCount(), 0);
+  assert.equal(mainWindow.isVisible(), false);
 });

 test('modal runtime notifies callers when modal input state becomes active/inactive', () => {
@@ -437,7 +497,7 @@ test('notifyOverlayModalOpened enables input on visible main overlay window when
  assert.equal(mainWindow.webContentsFocused, true);
 });

-test('handleOverlayModalClosed resets modal state even when modal window does not exist', () => {
+test('handleOverlayModalClosed is a no-op when no modal window can be targeted', () => {
  const state: boolean[] = [];
  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
    {
@@ -454,16 +514,17 @@ test('handleOverlayModalClosed resets modal state even when modal window does no
    },
  );

-  runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+  const sent = runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
  });
+  assert.equal(sent, false);
  runtime.notifyOverlayModalOpened('runtime-options');
  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('runtime-options');

-  assert.deepEqual(state, [true, false]);
+  assert.deepEqual(state, []);
 });

-test('handleOverlayModalClosed hides modal window for single kiku modal', () => {
+test('handleOverlayModalClosed destroys modal window for single kiku modal', () => {
  const window = createMockWindow();
  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
    getMainWindow: () => null,
@@ -482,11 +543,11 @@ test('handleOverlayModalClosed hides modal window for single kiku modal', () =>
  );
  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('kiku');

-  assert.equal(window.getHideCount(), 1);
+  assert.equal(window.isDestroyed(), true);
  assert.equal(runtime.getRestoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose().size, 0);
 });

-test('modal fallback reveal keeps mouse events ignored until modal confirms open', async () => {
+test('modal fallback reveal skips showing window when content is not ready', async () => {
  const window = createMockWindow();
  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
    getMainWindow: () => null,
@@ -500,30 +561,164 @@ test('modal fallback reveal keeps mouse events ignored until modal confirms open

  window.loading = true;
  window.url = '';
+  window.contentReady = false;

  const sent = runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('jimaku:open', undefined, {
    restoreOnModalClose: 'jimaku',
  });

  assert.equal(sent, true);
-  assert.equal(window.ignoreMouseEvents, false);

  await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
    setTimeout(resolve, 260);
  });

-  assert.equal(window.getShowCount(), 1);
-  assert.equal(window.ignoreMouseEvents, false);
+  assert.equal(window.getShowCount(), 0);

  runtime.notifyOverlayModalOpened('jimaku');
+  assert.equal(window.getShowCount(), 1);
  assert.equal(window.ignoreMouseEvents, false);
 });

-test('waitForModalOpen resolves true after modal acknowledgement', async () => {
+test('sendToActiveOverlayWindow waits for modal ready-to-show before delivering open event', () => {
+  const window = createMockWindow();
+  window.contentReady = false;
  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
    getMainWindow: () => null,
-    getModalWindow: () => null,
-    createModalWindow: () => null,
+    getModalWindow: () => window as never,
+    createModalWindow: () => {
+      throw new Error('modal window should not be created when already present');
+    },
+    getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300 }),
+    setModalWindowBounds: () => {},
+  });
+
+  const sent = runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(sent, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, []);
+  assert.equal(window.loadCallbacks.length, 1);
+  assert.equal(window.readyToShowCallbacks.length, 1);
+
+  window.loadCallbacks[0]!();
+  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, []);
+
+  window.contentReady = true;
+  window.readyToShowCallbacks[0]!();
+  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, [['runtime-options:open']]);
+});
+
+test('modal reopen creates a fresh window after close destroys the previous one', () => {
+  const firstWindow = createMockWindow();
+  const secondWindow = createMockWindow();
+  let currentModal: ReturnType<typeof createMockWindow> | null = firstWindow;
+
+  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
+    getMainWindow: () => null,
+    getModalWindow: () =>
+      currentModal && !currentModal.isDestroyed() ? (currentModal as never) : null,
+    createModalWindow: () => {
+      currentModal = secondWindow;
+      return secondWindow as never;
+    },
+    getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300 }),
+    setModalWindowBounds: () => {},
+  });
+
+  runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+  });
+  runtime.notifyOverlayModalOpened('runtime-options');
+  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('runtime-options');
+
+  assert.equal(firstWindow.isDestroyed(), true);
+
+  const sent = runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(sent, true);
+  assert.equal(currentModal, secondWindow);
+  assert.equal(secondWindow.getShowCount(), 0);
+});
+
+test('modal reopen after close-destroy notifies state change on fresh window lifecycle', () => {
+  const firstWindow = createMockWindow();
+  const secondWindow = createMockWindow();
+  let currentModal: ReturnType<typeof createMockWindow> | null = firstWindow;
+  const state: boolean[] = [];
+
+  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
+    {
+      getMainWindow: () => null,
+      getModalWindow: () =>
+        currentModal && !currentModal.isDestroyed() ? (currentModal as never) : null,
+      createModalWindow: () => {
+        currentModal = secondWindow;
+        return secondWindow as never;
+      },
+      getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300 }),
+      setModalWindowBounds: () => {},
+    },
+    {
+      onModalStateChange: (active: boolean): void => {
+        state.push(active);
+      },
+    },
+  );
+
+  runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+  });
+  runtime.notifyOverlayModalOpened('runtime-options');
+  runtime.handleOverlayModalClosed('runtime-options');
+
+  assert.deepEqual(state, [true, false]);
+  assert.equal(firstWindow.isDestroyed(), true);
+
+  runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+  });
+  runtime.notifyOverlayModalOpened('runtime-options');
+
+  assert.deepEqual(state, [true, false, true]);
+  assert.equal(currentModal, secondWindow);
+});
+
+test('visible stale modal window is made interactive again before reopening', () => {
+  const window = createMockWindow();
+  window.visible = true;
+  window.focused = true;
+  window.webContentsFocused = false;
+  window.ignoreMouseEvents = true;
+
+  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
+    getMainWindow: () => null,
+    getModalWindow: () => window as never,
+    createModalWindow: () => window as never,
+    getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300 }),
+    setModalWindowBounds: () => {},
+  });
+
+  const sent = runtime.sendToActiveOverlayWindow('runtime-options:open', undefined, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(sent, true);
+  assert.equal(window.ignoreMouseEvents, false);
+  assert.equal(window.isFocused(), true);
+  assert.equal(window.webContentsFocused, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(window.sent, [['runtime-options:open']]);
+});
+
+test('waitForModalOpen resolves true after modal acknowledgement', async () => {
+  const modalWindow = createMockWindow();
+  const runtime = createOverlayModalRuntimeService({
+    getMainWindow: () => null,
+    getModalWindow: () => modalWindow as never,
+    createModalWindow: () => modalWindow as never,
    getModalGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300 }),
    setModalWindowBounds: () => {},
  });
--- a/src/main/overlay-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/overlay-runtime.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,30 @@
 import type { BrowserWindow } from 'electron';
 import type { OverlayHostedModal } from '../shared/ipc/contracts';
 import type { WindowGeometry } from '../types';
+import { OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG } from '../core/services/overlay-window-flags';

 const MODAL_REVEAL_FALLBACK_DELAY_MS = 250;

+function requestOverlayApplicationFocus(): void {
+  try {
+    const electron = require('electron') as {
+      app?: {
+        focus?: (options?: { steal?: boolean }) => void;
+      };
+    };
+    electron.app?.focus?.({ steal: true });
+  } catch {
+    // Ignore focus-steal failures in non-Electron test environments.
+  }
+}
+
+function setWindowFocusable(window: BrowserWindow): void {
+  const maybeFocusableWindow = window as BrowserWindow & {
+    setFocusable?: (focusable: boolean) => void;
+  };
+  maybeFocusableWindow.setFocusable?.(true);
+}
+
 export interface OverlayWindowResolver {
  getMainWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null;
  getModalWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null;
@@ -42,6 +63,7 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
  let modalActive = false;
  let mainWindowMousePassthroughForcedByModal = false;
  let mainWindowHiddenByModal = false;
+  let modalWindowPrimedForImmediateShow = false;
  let pendingModalWindowReveal: BrowserWindow | null = null;
  let pendingModalWindowRevealTimeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;

@@ -87,9 +109,21 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
  };

  const isWindowReadyForIpc = (window: BrowserWindow): boolean => {
+    if (window.isDestroyed()) {
+      return false;
+    }
    if (window.webContents.isLoading()) {
      return false;
    }
+    const overlayWindow = window as BrowserWindow & {
+      [OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG]?: boolean;
+    };
+    if (
+      typeof overlayWindow[OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG] === 'boolean' &&
+      overlayWindow[OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG] !== true
+    ) {
+      return false;
+    }
    const currentURL = window.webContents.getURL();
    return currentURL !== '' && currentURL !== 'about:blank';
  };
@@ -109,11 +143,17 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
      return;
    }

-    window.webContents.once('did-finish-load', () => {
-      if (!window.isDestroyed() && !window.webContents.isLoading()) {
-        sendNow(window);
+    let delivered = false;
+    const deliverWhenReady = (): void => {
+      if (delivered || window.isDestroyed() || !isWindowReadyForIpc(window)) {
+        return;
      }
-    });
+      delivered = true;
+      sendNow(window);
+    };
+
+    window.webContents.once('did-finish-load', deliverWhenReady);
+    window.once('ready-to-show', deliverWhenReady);
  };

  const showModalWindow = (
@@ -122,6 +162,8 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
      passThroughMouseEvents: boolean;
    } = { passThroughMouseEvents: false },
  ): void => {
+    setWindowFocusable(window);
+    requestOverlayApplicationFocus();
    if (!window.isVisible()) {
      window.show();
    }
@@ -138,15 +180,14 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
  };

  const ensureModalWindowInteractive = (window: BrowserWindow): void => {
+    setWindowFocusable(window);
+    requestOverlayApplicationFocus();
+    window.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
+    elevateModalWindow(window);
+
    if (window.isVisible()) {
-      window.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
-      if (!window.isFocused()) {
-        window.focus();
-      }
-      if (!window.webContents.isFocused()) {
-        window.webContents.focus();
-      }
-      elevateModalWindow(window);
+      window.focus();
+      window.webContents.focus();
      return;
    }

@@ -231,6 +272,9 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
      if (!targetWindow || targetWindow.isDestroyed() || targetWindow.isVisible()) {
        return;
      }
+      if (!isWindowReadyForIpc(targetWindow)) {
+        return;
+      }
      showModalWindow(targetWindow, { passThroughMouseEvents: false });
    }, MODAL_REVEAL_FALLBACK_DELAY_MS);
  };
@@ -256,9 +300,9 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
    };

    if (restoreOnModalClose) {
-      restoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose.add(restoreOnModalClose);
      const mainWindow = getTargetOverlayWindow();
      if (!preferModalWindow && mainWindow && !mainWindow.isDestroyed() && mainWindow.isVisible()) {
+        restoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose.add(restoreOnModalClose);
        sendOrQueueForWindow(mainWindow, (window) => {
          if (payload === undefined) {
            window.webContents.send(channel);
@@ -272,15 +316,23 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
      const modalWindow = resolveModalWindow();
      if (!modalWindow) return false;

+      restoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose.add(restoreOnModalClose);
      deps.setModalWindowBounds(deps.getModalGeometry());
      const wasVisible = modalWindow.isVisible();
      if (!wasVisible) {
-        scheduleModalWindowReveal(modalWindow);
+        if (modalWindowPrimedForImmediateShow && isWindowReadyForIpc(modalWindow)) {
+          showModalWindow(modalWindow);
+        } else {
+          scheduleModalWindowReveal(modalWindow);
+        }
      } else if (!modalWindow.isFocused()) {
        showModalWindow(modalWindow);
      }

      sendOrQueueForWindow(modalWindow, (window) => {
+        if (window.isVisible()) {
+          ensureModalWindowInteractive(window);
+        }
        if (payload === undefined) {
          window.webContents.send(channel);
        } else {
@@ -320,12 +372,13 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
    const modalWindow = deps.getModalWindow();
    if (restoreVisibleOverlayOnModalClose.size === 0) {
      clearPendingModalWindowReveal();
-      notifyModalStateChange(false);
-      setMainWindowMousePassthroughForModal(false);
-      setMainWindowVisibilityForModal(false);
      if (modalWindow && !modalWindow.isDestroyed()) {
-        modalWindow.hide();
+        modalWindow.destroy();
      }
+      modalWindowPrimedForImmediateShow = false;
+      mainWindowMousePassthroughForcedByModal = false;
+      mainWindowHiddenByModal = false;
+      notifyModalStateChange(false);
    }
  };

@@ -350,14 +403,7 @@ export function createOverlayModalRuntimeService(
    }

    if (targetWindow.isVisible()) {
-      targetWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
-      elevateModalWindow(targetWindow);
-      if (!targetWindow.isFocused()) {
-        targetWindow.focus();
-      }
-      if (!targetWindow.webContents.isFocused()) {
-        targetWindow.webContents.focus();
-      }
+      ensureModalWindowInteractive(targetWindow);
      return;
    }

--- a/src/main/overlay-visibility-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/overlay-visibility-runtime.ts
@@ -12,10 +12,14 @@ export interface OverlayVisibilityRuntimeDeps {
  getVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  getForceMousePassthrough: () => boolean;
  getWindowTracker: () => BaseWindowTracker | null;
+  getLastKnownWindowsForegroundProcessName?: () => string | null;
+  getWindowsOverlayProcessName?: () => string | null;
+  getWindowsFocusHandoffGraceActive?: () => boolean;
  getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => boolean;
  setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => void;
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
+  syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder?: (window: BrowserWindow) => void;
  syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') => void;
  enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => void;
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
@@ -36,12 +40,20 @@ export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(

  return {
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(): void {
+      const visibleOverlayVisible = deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible();
+      const forceMousePassthrough = deps.getForceMousePassthrough();
+      const windowTracker = deps.getWindowTracker();
+      const mainWindow = deps.getMainWindow();
+
      updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
-        visibleOverlayVisible: deps.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
+        visibleOverlayVisible,
        modalActive: deps.getModalActive(),
-        forceMousePassthrough: deps.getForceMousePassthrough(),
-        mainWindow: deps.getMainWindow(),
-        windowTracker: deps.getWindowTracker(),
+        forceMousePassthrough,
+        mainWindow,
+        windowTracker,
+        lastKnownWindowsForegroundProcessName: deps.getLastKnownWindowsForegroundProcessName?.(),
+        windowsOverlayProcessName: deps.getWindowsOverlayProcessName?.() ?? null,
+        windowsFocusHandoffGraceActive: deps.getWindowsFocusHandoffGraceActive?.() ?? false,
        trackerNotReadyWarningShown: deps.getTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(),
        setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: (shown: boolean) => {
          deps.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(shown);
@@ -49,6 +61,8 @@ export function createOverlayVisibilityRuntimeService(
        updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) =>
          deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry),
        ensureOverlayWindowLevel: (window: BrowserWindow) => deps.ensureOverlayWindowLevel(window),
+        syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder: (window: BrowserWindow) =>
+          deps.syncWindowsOverlayToMpvZOrder?.(window),
        syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: (layer: 'visible') =>
          deps.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer(layer),
        enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => deps.enforceOverlayLayerOrder(),
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-actions.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-actions.test.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ test('on will quit cleanup handler runs all cleanup steps', () => {
    unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => calls.push('unregister-shortcuts'),
    stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => calls.push('stop-ws'),
    stopTexthookerService: () => calls.push('stop-texthooker'),
+    clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () => calls.push('clear-windows-visible-overlay-poll'),
    destroyMainOverlayWindow: () => calls.push('destroy-main-overlay-window'),
    destroyModalOverlayWindow: () => calls.push('destroy-modal-overlay-window'),
    destroyYomitanParserWindow: () => calls.push('destroy-yomitan-window'),
@@ -40,9 +41,10 @@ test('on will quit cleanup handler runs all cleanup steps', () => {
  });

  cleanup();
-  assert.equal(calls.length, 28);
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 29);
  assert.equal(calls[0], 'destroy-tray');
  assert.equal(calls[calls.length - 1], 'stop-discord-presence');
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('clear-windows-visible-overlay-poll'));
  assert.ok(calls.indexOf('flush-mpv-log') < calls.indexOf('destroy-socket'));
 });

--- a/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-actions.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-actions.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ export function createOnWillQuitCleanupHandler(deps: {
  unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => void;
  stopTexthookerService: () => void;
+  clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () => void;
  destroyMainOverlayWindow: () => void;
  destroyModalOverlayWindow: () => void;
  destroyYomitanParserWindow: () => void;
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ export function createOnWillQuitCleanupHandler(deps: {
    deps.unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts();
    deps.stopSubtitleWebsocket();
    deps.stopTexthookerService();
+    deps.clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop();
    deps.destroyMainOverlayWindow();
    deps.destroyModalOverlayWindow();
    deps.destroyYomitanParserWindow();
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-cleanup.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-cleanup.test.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ test('cleanup deps builder returns handlers that guard optional runtime objects'
    unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => calls.push('unregister-shortcuts'),
    stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => calls.push('stop-ws'),
    stopTexthookerService: () => calls.push('stop-texthooker'),
+    clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () =>
+      calls.push('clear-windows-visible-overlay-foreground-poll-loop'),
    getMainOverlayWindow: () => ({
      isDestroyed: () => false,
      destroy: () => calls.push('destroy-main-overlay-window'),
@@ -85,6 +87,7 @@ test('cleanup deps builder returns handlers that guard optional runtime objects'
  assert.ok(calls.includes('destroy-yomitan-settings-window'));
  assert.ok(calls.includes('stop-jellyfin-remote'));
  assert.ok(calls.includes('stop-discord-presence'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('clear-windows-visible-overlay-foreground-poll-loop'));
  assert.equal(reconnectTimer, null);
  assert.equal(immersionTracker, null);
 });
@@ -99,6 +102,7 @@ test('cleanup deps builder skips destroyed yomitan window', () => {
    unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
    stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => {},
    stopTexthookerService: () => {},
+    clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () => {},
    getMainOverlayWindow: () => ({
      isDestroyed: () => true,
      destroy: () => calls.push('destroy-main-overlay-window'),
--- a/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-cleanup.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/app-lifecycle-main-cleanup.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ export function createBuildOnWillQuitCleanupDepsHandler(deps: {
  unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => void;
  stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => void;
  stopTexthookerService: () => void;
+  clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () => void;
  getMainOverlayWindow: () => DestroyableWindow | null;
  clearMainOverlayWindow: () => void;
  getModalOverlayWindow: () => DestroyableWindow | null;
@@ -64,6 +65,8 @@ export function createBuildOnWillQuitCleanupDepsHandler(deps: {
    unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => deps.unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts(),
    stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => deps.stopSubtitleWebsocket(),
    stopTexthookerService: () => deps.stopTexthookerService(),
+    clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () =>
+      deps.clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop(),
    destroyMainOverlayWindow: () => {
      const window = deps.getMainOverlayWindow();
      if (!window) return;
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.test.ts
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ test('build cli command context deps maps handlers and values', () => {
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: async () => {
      calls.push('mark');
    },
+    dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
    getAnilistStatus: () => ({}) as never,
    clearAnilistToken: () => calls.push('clear-token'),
    openAnilistSetup: () => calls.push('anilist'),
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-deps.ts
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextDepsHandler(deps: {
  triggerFieldGrouping: () => Promise<void>;
  triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => Promise<void>;
  markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => Promise<void>;
+  dispatchSessionAction: CliCommandContextFactoryDeps['dispatchSessionAction'];
  getAnilistStatus: CliCommandContextFactoryDeps['getAnilistStatus'];
  clearAnilistToken: CliCommandContextFactoryDeps['clearAnilistToken'];
  openAnilistSetup: CliCommandContextFactoryDeps['openAnilistSetup'];
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextDepsHandler(deps: {
    triggerFieldGrouping: deps.triggerFieldGrouping,
    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: deps.triggerSubsyncFromConfig,
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: deps.markLastCardAsAudioCard,
+    dispatchSessionAction: deps.dispatchSessionAction,
    getAnilistStatus: deps.getAnilistStatus,
    clearAnilistToken: deps.clearAnilistToken,
    openAnilistSetup: deps.openAnilistSetup,
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-factory.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-factory.test.ts
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ test('cli command context factory composes main deps and context handlers', () =
    triggerFieldGrouping: async () => {},
    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: async () => {},
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: async () => {},
+    dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
    getAnilistStatus: () => ({
      tokenStatus: 'resolved',
      tokenSource: 'literal',
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ test('cli command context main deps builder maps state and callbacks', async ()
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: async () => {
      calls.push('mark-audio');
    },
+    dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},

    getAnilistStatus: () => ({
      tokenStatus: 'resolved',
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context-main-deps.ts
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  triggerFieldGrouping: () => Promise<void>;
  triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => Promise<void>;
  markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => Promise<void>;
+  dispatchSessionAction: CliCommandContextFactoryDeps['dispatchSessionAction'];

  getAnilistStatus: CliCommandContextFactoryDeps['getAnilistStatus'];
  clearAnilistToken: () => void;
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ export function createBuildCliCommandContextMainDepsHandler(deps: {
    triggerFieldGrouping: () => deps.triggerFieldGrouping(),
    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => deps.triggerSubsyncFromConfig(),
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => deps.markLastCardAsAudioCard(),
+    dispatchSessionAction: (request) => deps.dispatchSessionAction(request),
    getAnilistStatus: () => deps.getAnilistStatus(),
    clearAnilistToken: () => deps.clearAnilistToken(),
    openAnilistSetup: () => deps.openAnilistSetupWindow(),
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.test.ts
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ function createDeps() {
      triggerFieldGrouping: async () => {},
      triggerSubsyncFromConfig: async () => {},
      markLastCardAsAudioCard: async () => {},
+      dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
      getAnilistStatus: () => ({}) as never,
      clearAnilistToken: () => {},
      openAnilistSetup: () => {},
--- a/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/cli-command-context.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ export type CliCommandContextFactoryDeps = {
  triggerFieldGrouping: () => Promise<void>;
  triggerSubsyncFromConfig: () => Promise<void>;
  markLastCardAsAudioCard: () => Promise<void>;
+  dispatchSessionAction: CliCommandRuntimeServiceContext['dispatchSessionAction'];
  getAnilistStatus: CliCommandRuntimeServiceContext['getAnilistStatus'];
  clearAnilistToken: CliCommandRuntimeServiceContext['clearAnilistToken'];
  openAnilistSetup: CliCommandRuntimeServiceContext['openAnilistSetup'];
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ export function createCliCommandContext(
    triggerFieldGrouping: deps.triggerFieldGrouping,
    triggerSubsyncFromConfig: deps.triggerSubsyncFromConfig,
    markLastCardAsAudioCard: deps.markLastCardAsAudioCard,
+    dispatchSessionAction: deps.dispatchSessionAction,
    getAnilistStatus: deps.getAnilistStatus,
    clearAnilistToken: deps.clearAnilistToken,
    openAnilistSetup: deps.openAnilistSetup,
--- a/src/main/runtime/composers/cli-startup-composer.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/composers/cli-startup-composer.test.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ test('composeCliStartupHandlers returns callable CLI startup handlers', () => {
      triggerFieldGrouping: async () => {},
      triggerSubsyncFromConfig: async () => {},
      markLastCardAsAudioCard: async () => {},
+      dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
      getAnilistStatus: () => ({}) as never,
      clearAnilistToken: () => {},
      openAnilistSetupWindow: () => {},
--- a/src/main/runtime/composers/ipc-runtime-composer.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/composers/ipc-runtime-composer.test.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ test('composeIpcRuntimeHandlers returns callable IPC handlers and registration b
        saveSubtitlePosition: () => {},
        getMecabTokenizer: () => null,
        getKeybindings: () => [],
+        getSessionBindings: () => [],
        getConfiguredShortcuts: () => ({}) as never,
+        dispatchSessionAction: async () => {},
        getStatsToggleKey: () => 'Backquote',
        getMarkWatchedKey: () => 'KeyW',
        getControllerConfig: () => ({}) as never,
--- a/src/main/runtime/composers/startup-lifecycle-composer.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/composers/startup-lifecycle-composer.test.ts
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ test('composeStartupLifecycleHandlers returns callable startup lifecycle handler
      unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => {},
      stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => {},
      stopTexthookerService: () => {},
+      clearWindowsVisibleOverlayForegroundPollLoop: () => {},
      getMainOverlayWindow: () => null,
      clearMainOverlayWindow: () => {},
      getModalOverlayWindow: () => null,
--- a/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-handlers.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-handlers.test.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ test('createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler runs all hot-reload effects', () => {

  const applyHotReload = createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler({
    setKeybindings: () => calls.push('set:keybindings'),
+    setSessionBindings: () => calls.push('set:session-bindings'),
    refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('refresh:shortcuts'),
    setSecondarySubMode: (mode) => calls.push(`set:secondary:${mode}`),
    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel, payload) =>
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ test('createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler runs all hot-reload effects', () => {
  );

  assert.ok(calls.includes('set:keybindings'));
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('set:session-bindings'));
  assert.ok(calls.includes('refresh:shortcuts'));
  assert.ok(calls.includes(`set:secondary:${config.secondarySub.defaultMode}`));
  assert.ok(calls.some((entry) => entry.startsWith('broadcast:secondary-subtitle:mode:')));
@@ -50,6 +52,7 @@ test('createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler skips optional effects when no hot fie

  const applyHotReload = createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler({
    setKeybindings: () => calls.push('set:keybindings'),
+    setSessionBindings: () => calls.push('set:session-bindings'),
    refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('refresh:shortcuts'),
    setSecondarySubMode: () => calls.push('set:secondary'),
    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel) => calls.push(`broadcast:${channel}`),
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ test('createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler skips optional effects when no hot fie
    config,
  );

-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['set:keybindings']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['set:keybindings', 'set:session-bindings']);
 });

 test('createConfigHotReloadMessageHandler mirrors message to OSD and desktop notification', () => {
--- a/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-handlers.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-handlers.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import type { ConfigHotReloadDiff } from '../../core/services/config-hot-reload';
+import { compileSessionBindings } from '../../core/services/session-bindings';
 import { resolveKeybindings } from '../../core/utils/keybindings';
-import { DEFAULT_KEYBINDINGS } from '../../config';
+import { resolveConfiguredShortcuts } from '../../core/utils/shortcut-config';
+import { DEFAULT_CONFIG, DEFAULT_KEYBINDINGS } from '../../config';
 import type { ConfigHotReloadPayload, ResolvedConfig, SecondarySubMode } from '../../types';

 type ConfigHotReloadAppliedDeps = {
  setKeybindings: (keybindings: ConfigHotReloadPayload['keybindings']) => void;
+  setSessionBindings: (sessionBindings: ConfigHotReloadPayload['sessionBindings']) => void;
  refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setSecondarySubMode: (mode: SecondarySubMode) => void;
  broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel: string, payload: unknown) => void;
@@ -33,8 +36,21 @@ export function resolveSubtitleStyleForRenderer(config: ResolvedConfig) {
 }

 export function buildConfigHotReloadPayload(config: ResolvedConfig): ConfigHotReloadPayload {
+  const keybindings = resolveKeybindings(config, DEFAULT_KEYBINDINGS);
+  const { bindings: sessionBindings } = compileSessionBindings({
+    keybindings,
+    shortcuts: resolveConfiguredShortcuts(config, DEFAULT_CONFIG),
+    platform:
+      process.platform === 'darwin'
+        ? 'darwin'
+        : process.platform === 'win32'
+          ? 'win32'
+          : 'linux',
+    rawConfig: config,
+  });
  return {
-    keybindings: resolveKeybindings(config, DEFAULT_KEYBINDINGS),
+    keybindings,
+    sessionBindings,
    subtitleStyle: resolveSubtitleStyleForRenderer(config),
    subtitleSidebar: config.subtitleSidebar,
    secondarySubMode: config.secondarySub.defaultMode,
@@ -45,6 +61,7 @@ export function createConfigHotReloadAppliedHandler(deps: ConfigHotReloadApplied
  return (diff: ConfigHotReloadDiff, config: ResolvedConfig): void => {
    const payload = buildConfigHotReloadPayload(config);
    deps.setKeybindings(payload.keybindings);
+    deps.setSessionBindings(payload.sessionBindings);

    if (diff.hotReloadFields.includes('shortcuts')) {
      deps.refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts();
--- a/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -86,21 +86,25 @@ test('config hot reload message main deps builder maps notifications', () => {

 test('config hot reload applied main deps builder maps callbacks', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
-  const deps = createBuildConfigHotReloadAppliedMainDepsHandler({
+  const buildDeps = createBuildConfigHotReloadAppliedMainDepsHandler({
    setKeybindings: () => calls.push('keybindings'),
+    setSessionBindings: () => calls.push('session-bindings'),
    refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('refresh-shortcuts'),
    setSecondarySubMode: () => calls.push('set-secondary'),
    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel) => calls.push(`broadcast:${channel}`),
    applyAnkiRuntimeConfigPatch: () => calls.push('apply-anki'),
-  })();
+  });

+  const deps = buildDeps();
  deps.setKeybindings([]);
+  deps.setSessionBindings([]);
  deps.refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts();
  deps.setSecondarySubMode('hover');
  deps.broadcastToOverlayWindows('config:hot-reload', {});
  deps.applyAnkiRuntimeConfigPatch({ ai: true });
  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
    'keybindings',
+    'session-bindings',
    'refresh-shortcuts',
    'set-secondary',
    'broadcast:config:hot-reload',
--- a/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/config-hot-reload-main-deps.ts
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ export function createBuildConfigHotReloadMessageMainDepsHandler(

 export function createBuildConfigHotReloadAppliedMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  setKeybindings: (keybindings: ConfigHotReloadPayload['keybindings']) => void;
+  setSessionBindings: (sessionBindings: ConfigHotReloadPayload['sessionBindings']) => void;
  refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setSecondarySubMode: (mode: SecondarySubMode) => void;
  broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel: string, payload: unknown) => void;
@@ -72,6 +73,8 @@ export function createBuildConfigHotReloadAppliedMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  return () => ({
    setKeybindings: (keybindings: ConfigHotReloadPayload['keybindings']) =>
      deps.setKeybindings(keybindings),
+    setSessionBindings: (sessionBindings: ConfigHotReloadPayload['sessionBindings']) =>
+      deps.setSessionBindings(sessionBindings),
    refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts: () => deps.refreshGlobalAndOverlayShortcuts(),
    setSecondarySubMode: (mode: SecondarySubMode) => deps.setSecondarySubMode(mode),
    broadcastToOverlayWindows: (channel: string, payload: unknown) =>
--- a/src/main/runtime/controller-debug-open.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/controller-debug-open.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import type { OverlayHostedModal } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+import { IPC_CHANNELS } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+import { openOverlayHostedModal, retryOverlayModalOpen } from './overlay-hosted-modal-open';
+
+const CONTROLLER_DEBUG_MODAL: OverlayHostedModal = 'controller-debug';
+const CONTROLLER_DEBUG_OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS = 1500;
+
+export async function openControllerDebugModal(deps: {
+  ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => void;
+  ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => void;
+  sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (
+    channel: string,
+    payload?: unknown,
+    runtimeOptions?: {
+      restoreOnModalClose?: OverlayHostedModal;
+      preferModalWindow?: boolean;
+    },
+  ) => boolean;
+  waitForModalOpen: (modal: OverlayHostedModal, timeoutMs: number) => Promise<boolean>;
+  logWarn: (message: string) => void;
+}): Promise<boolean> {
+  return await retryOverlayModalOpen(
+    {
+      waitForModalOpen: deps.waitForModalOpen,
+      logWarn: deps.logWarn,
+    },
+    {
+      modal: CONTROLLER_DEBUG_MODAL,
+      timeoutMs: CONTROLLER_DEBUG_OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS,
+      retryWarning:
+        'Controller debug modal did not acknowledge modal open on first attempt; retrying dedicated modal window.',
+      sendOpen: () =>
+        openOverlayHostedModal(
+          {
+            ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: deps.ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs,
+            ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions:
+              deps.ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions,
+            sendToActiveOverlayWindow: deps.sendToActiveOverlayWindow,
+          },
+          {
+            channel: IPC_CHANNELS.event.controllerDebugOpen,
+            modal: CONTROLLER_DEBUG_MODAL,
+            preferModalWindow: true,
+          },
+        ),
+    },
+  );
+}
--- a/src/main/runtime/controller-select-open.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/controller-select-open.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import type { OverlayHostedModal } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+import { IPC_CHANNELS } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+import { openOverlayHostedModal, retryOverlayModalOpen } from './overlay-hosted-modal-open';
+
+const CONTROLLER_SELECT_MODAL: OverlayHostedModal = 'controller-select';
+const CONTROLLER_SELECT_OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS = 1500;
+
+export async function openControllerSelectModal(deps: {
+  ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => void;
+  ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => void;
+  sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (
+    channel: string,
+    payload?: unknown,
+    runtimeOptions?: {
+      restoreOnModalClose?: OverlayHostedModal;
+      preferModalWindow?: boolean;
+    },
+  ) => boolean;
+  waitForModalOpen: (modal: OverlayHostedModal, timeoutMs: number) => Promise<boolean>;
+  logWarn: (message: string) => void;
+}): Promise<boolean> {
+  return await retryOverlayModalOpen(
+    {
+      waitForModalOpen: deps.waitForModalOpen,
+      logWarn: deps.logWarn,
+    },
+    {
+      modal: CONTROLLER_SELECT_MODAL,
+      timeoutMs: CONTROLLER_SELECT_OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS,
+      retryWarning:
+        'Controller select modal did not acknowledge modal open on first attempt; retrying dedicated modal window.',
+      sendOpen: () =>
+        openOverlayHostedModal(
+          {
+            ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: deps.ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs,
+            ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions:
+              deps.ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions,
+            sendToActiveOverlayWindow: deps.sendToActiveOverlayWindow,
+          },
+          {
+            channel: IPC_CHANNELS.event.controllerSelectOpen,
+            modal: CONTROLLER_SELECT_MODAL,
+            preferModalWindow: true,
+          },
+        ),
+    },
+  );
+}
--- a/src/main/runtime/first-run-setup-service.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/first-run-setup-service.test.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,21 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
    triggerFieldGrouping: false,
    triggerSubsync: false,
    markAudioCard: false,
+    toggleStatsOverlay: false,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: false,
    openRuntimeOptions: false,
+    openSessionHelp: false,
+    openControllerSelect: false,
+    openControllerDebug: false,
+    openJimaku: false,
+    openYoutubePicker: false,
+    openPlaylistBrowser: false,
+    replayCurrentSubtitle: false,
+    playNextSubtitle: false,
+    shiftSubDelayPrevLine: false,
+    shiftSubDelayNextLine: false,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionId: undefined,
+    cycleRuntimeOptionDirection: undefined,
    anilistStatus: false,
    anilistLogout: false,
    anilistSetup: false,
@@ -79,6 +93,17 @@ test('shouldAutoOpenFirstRunSetup only for startup/setup intents', () => {
  assert.equal(shouldAutoOpenFirstRunSetup(makeArgs({ settings: true })), false);
 });

+test('shouldAutoOpenFirstRunSetup treats numeric startup counts as explicit commands', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    shouldAutoOpenFirstRunSetup(makeArgs({ start: true, copySubtitleCount: 2 })),
+    false,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    shouldAutoOpenFirstRunSetup(makeArgs({ background: true, mineSentenceCount: 1 })),
+    false,
+  );
+});
+
 test('setup service auto-completes legacy installs with config and dictionaries', async () => {
  await withTempDir(async (root) => {
    const configDir = path.join(root, 'SubMiner');
--- a/src/main/runtime/first-run-setup-service.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/first-run-setup-service.ts
@@ -68,15 +68,26 @@ function hasAnyStartupCommandBeyondSetup(args: CliArgs): boolean {
    args.hideVisibleOverlay ||
    args.copySubtitle ||
    args.copySubtitleMultiple ||
+    args.copySubtitleCount !== undefined ||
    args.mineSentence ||
    args.mineSentenceMultiple ||
+    args.mineSentenceCount !== undefined ||
    args.updateLastCardFromClipboard ||
    args.refreshKnownWords ||
    args.toggleSecondarySub ||
    args.triggerFieldGrouping ||
    args.triggerSubsync ||
    args.markAudioCard ||
+    args.toggleStatsOverlay ||
    args.openRuntimeOptions ||
+    args.openJimaku ||
+    args.openYoutubePicker ||
+    args.openPlaylistBrowser ||
+    args.replayCurrentSubtitle ||
+    args.playNextSubtitle ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayPrevLine ||
+    args.shiftSubDelayNextLine ||
+    args.cycleRuntimeOptionId !== undefined ||
    args.anilistStatus ||
    args.anilistLogout ||
    args.anilistSetup ||
--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-runtime-handlers.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts-runtime-handlers.test.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ function createShortcuts(): ConfiguredShortcuts {
    markAudioCard: null,
    openRuntimeOptions: null,
    openJimaku: null,
+    openSessionHelp: null,
+    openControllerSelect: null,
+    openControllerDebug: null,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: null,
  };
 }

--- a/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/global-shortcuts.test.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ function createShortcuts(): ConfiguredShortcuts {
    markAudioCard: null,
    openRuntimeOptions: null,
    openJimaku: null,
+    openSessionHelp: null,
+    openControllerSelect: null,
+    openControllerDebug: null,
+    toggleSubtitleSidebar: null,
  };
 }

--- a/src/main/runtime/immersion-startup.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/immersion-startup.test.ts
@@ -161,6 +161,44 @@ test('createImmersionTrackerStartupHandler creates tracker and auto-connects mpv
  assert.ok(calls.includes('info:Auto-connecting MPV client for immersion tracking'));
 });

+test('createImmersionTrackerStartupHandler keeps tracker startup alive when mpv auto-connect throws', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const trackerInstance = { kind: 'tracker' };
+  let assignedTracker: unknown = null;
+  const handler = createImmersionTrackerStartupHandler({
+    getResolvedConfig: () => makeConfig(),
+    getConfiguredDbPath: () => '/tmp/subminer.db',
+    createTrackerService: () => trackerInstance,
+    setTracker: (nextTracker) => {
+      assignedTracker = nextTracker;
+    },
+    getMpvClient: () => ({
+      connected: false,
+      connect: () => {
+        throw new Error('socket not ready');
+      },
+    }),
+    seedTrackerFromCurrentMedia: () => calls.push('seedTracker'),
+    logInfo: (message) => calls.push(`info:${message}`),
+    logDebug: (message) => calls.push(`debug:${message}`),
+    logWarn: (message, details) => calls.push(`warn:${message}:${(details as Error).message}`),
+  });
+
+  handler();
+
+  assert.equal(assignedTracker, trackerInstance);
+  assert.ok(calls.includes('seedTracker'));
+  assert.ok(
+    calls.includes(
+      'warn:MPV auto-connect failed during immersion tracker startup; continuing.:socket not ready',
+    ),
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    calls.some((entry) => entry.startsWith('warn:Immersion tracker startup failed; disabling tracking.')),
+    false,
+  );
+});
+
 test('createImmersionTrackerStartupHandler disables tracker on failure', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  let assignedTracker: unknown = 'initial';
--- a/src/main/runtime/immersion-startup.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/immersion-startup.ts
@@ -102,7 +102,11 @@ export function createImmersionTrackerStartupHandler(
      const mpvClient = deps.getMpvClient();
      if ((deps.shouldAutoConnectMpv?.() ?? true) && mpvClient && !mpvClient.connected) {
        deps.logInfo('Auto-connecting MPV client for immersion tracking');
-        mpvClient.connect();
+        try {
+          mpvClient.connect();
+        } catch (error) {
+          deps.logWarn('MPV auto-connect failed during immersion tracker startup; continuing.', error);
+        }
      }
      deps.seedTrackerFromCurrentMedia();
    } catch (error) {
--- a/src/main/runtime/jimaku-open.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/jimaku-open.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import type { OverlayHostedModal } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+import { IPC_CHANNELS } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+import { openOverlayHostedModal, retryOverlayModalOpen } from './overlay-hosted-modal-open';
+
+const JIMAKU_MODAL: OverlayHostedModal = 'jimaku';
+const JIMAKU_OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS = 1500;
+
+export async function openJimakuModal(deps: {
+  ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => void;
+  ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => void;
+  sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (
+    channel: string,
+    payload?: unknown,
+    runtimeOptions?: {
+      restoreOnModalClose?: OverlayHostedModal;
+      preferModalWindow?: boolean;
+    },
+  ) => boolean;
+  waitForModalOpen: (modal: OverlayHostedModal, timeoutMs: number) => Promise<boolean>;
+  logWarn: (message: string) => void;
+}): Promise<boolean> {
+  return await retryOverlayModalOpen(
+    {
+      waitForModalOpen: deps.waitForModalOpen,
+      logWarn: deps.logWarn,
+    },
+    {
+      modal: JIMAKU_MODAL,
+      timeoutMs: JIMAKU_OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS,
+      retryWarning:
+        'Jimaku modal did not acknowledge modal open on first attempt; retrying dedicated modal window.',
+      sendOpen: () =>
+        openOverlayHostedModal(
+          {
+            ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: deps.ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs,
+            ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions:
+              deps.ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions,
+            sendToActiveOverlayWindow: deps.sendToActiveOverlayWindow,
+          },
+          {
+            channel: IPC_CHANNELS.event.jimakuOpen,
+            modal: JIMAKU_MODAL,
+            preferModalWindow: true,
+          },
+        ),
+    },
+  );
+}
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-hosted-modal-open.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-hosted-modal-open.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { openOverlayHostedModal } from './overlay-hosted-modal-open';
+
+test('openOverlayHostedModal ensures overlay readiness before sending the open event', () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+
+  const opened = openOverlayHostedModal(
+    {
+      ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => {
+        calls.push('ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs');
+      },
+      ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => {
+        calls.push('ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions');
+      },
+      sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (channel, payload, runtimeOptions) => {
+        calls.push(`send:${channel}`);
+        assert.equal(payload, undefined);
+        assert.deepEqual(runtimeOptions, {
+          restoreOnModalClose: 'runtime-options',
+          preferModalWindow: undefined,
+        });
+        return true;
+      },
+    },
+    {
+      channel: 'runtime-options:open',
+      modal: 'runtime-options',
+    },
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(opened, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
+    'ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs',
+    'ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions',
+    'send:runtime-options:open',
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('openOverlayHostedModal forwards payload and modal-window preference', () => {
+  const payload = { sessionId: 'yt-1' };
+
+  const opened = openOverlayHostedModal(
+    {
+      ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => {},
+      ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => {},
+      sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (channel, forwardedPayload, runtimeOptions) => {
+        assert.equal(channel, 'youtube:picker-open');
+        assert.deepEqual(forwardedPayload, payload);
+        assert.deepEqual(runtimeOptions, {
+          restoreOnModalClose: 'youtube-track-picker',
+          preferModalWindow: true,
+        });
+        return false;
+      },
+    },
+    {
+      channel: 'youtube:picker-open',
+      modal: 'youtube-track-picker',
+      payload,
+      preferModalWindow: true,
+    },
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(opened, false);
+});
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-hosted-modal-open.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-hosted-modal-open.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import type { OverlayHostedModal } from '../../shared/ipc/contracts';
+
+export function openOverlayHostedModal(
+  deps: {
+    ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs: () => void;
+    ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions: () => void;
+    sendToActiveOverlayWindow: (
+      channel: string,
+      payload?: unknown,
+      runtimeOptions?: {
+        restoreOnModalClose?: OverlayHostedModal;
+        preferModalWindow?: boolean;
+      },
+    ) => boolean;
+  },
+  input: {
+    channel: string;
+    modal: OverlayHostedModal;
+    payload?: unknown;
+    preferModalWindow?: boolean;
+  },
+): boolean {
+  deps.ensureOverlayStartupPrereqs();
+  deps.ensureOverlayWindowsReadyForVisibilityActions();
+  return deps.sendToActiveOverlayWindow(input.channel, input.payload, {
+    restoreOnModalClose: input.modal,
+    preferModalWindow: input.preferModalWindow,
+  });
+}
+
+export async function retryOverlayModalOpen(
+  deps: {
+    waitForModalOpen: (modal: OverlayHostedModal, timeoutMs: number) => Promise<boolean>;
+    logWarn: (message: string) => void;
+  },
+  input: {
+    modal: OverlayHostedModal;
+    timeoutMs: number;
+    retryWarning: string;
+    sendOpen: () => boolean;
+  },
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  if (!input.sendOpen()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (await deps.waitForModalOpen(input.modal, input.timeoutMs)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  deps.logWarn(input.retryWarning);
+  if (!input.sendOpen()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return await deps.waitForModalOpen(input.modal, input.timeoutMs);
+}
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-modal-input-state.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-modal-input-state.test.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ function createModalWindow() {
    setIgnoreMouseEvents: (ignore: boolean) => {
      calls.push(`ignore:${ignore}`);
    },
+    setFocusable: (focusable: boolean) => {
+      calls.push(`focusable:${focusable}`);
+    },
    setAlwaysOnTop: (flag: boolean, level?: string, relativeLevel?: number) => {
      calls.push(`top:${flag}:${level ?? ''}:${relativeLevel ?? ''}`);
    },
@@ -58,6 +61,7 @@ test('overlay modal input state activates modal window interactivity and syncs d

  assert.equal(state.getModalInputExclusive(), true);
  assert.deepEqual(modalWindow.calls, [
+    'focusable:true',
    'ignore:false',
    'top:true:screen-saver:1',
    'focus',
@@ -66,6 +70,25 @@ test('overlay modal input state activates modal window interactivity and syncs d
  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['shortcuts:true', 'visibility']);
 });

+test('overlay modal input state restores main window focus on deactivation', () => {
+  const modalWindow = createModalWindow();
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+  const state = createOverlayModalInputState({
+    getModalWindow: () => modalWindow as never,
+    syncOverlayShortcutsForModal: () => {},
+    syncOverlayVisibilityForModal: () => {},
+    restoreMainWindowFocus: () => {
+      calls.push('restore-focus');
+    },
+  });
+
+  state.handleModalInputStateChange(true);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, []);
+
+  state.handleModalInputStateChange(false);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['restore-focus']);
+});
+
 test('overlay modal input state is idempotent for unchanged state', () => {
  const calls: string[] = [];
  const state = createOverlayModalInputState({
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-modal-input-state.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-modal-input-state.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,30 @@
 import type { BrowserWindow } from 'electron';

+function requestOverlayApplicationFocus(): void {
+  try {
+    const electron = require('electron') as {
+      app?: {
+        focus?: (options?: { steal?: boolean }) => void;
+      };
+    };
+    electron.app?.focus?.({ steal: true });
+  } catch {
+    // Ignore focus-steal failures in non-Electron test environments.
+  }
+}
+
+function setWindowFocusable(window: BrowserWindow): void {
+  const maybeFocusableWindow = window as BrowserWindow & {
+    setFocusable?: (focusable: boolean) => void;
+  };
+  maybeFocusableWindow.setFocusable?.(true);
+}
+
 export type OverlayModalInputStateDeps = {
  getModalWindow: () => BrowserWindow | null;
  syncOverlayShortcutsForModal: (isActive: boolean) => void;
  syncOverlayVisibilityForModal: () => void;
+  restoreMainWindowFocus?: () => void;
 };

 export function createOverlayModalInputState(deps: OverlayModalInputStateDeps) {
@@ -18,6 +39,8 @@ export function createOverlayModalInputState(deps: OverlayModalInputStateDeps) {
    if (isActive) {
      const modalWindow = deps.getModalWindow();
      if (modalWindow && !modalWindow.isDestroyed()) {
+        setWindowFocusable(modalWindow);
+        requestOverlayApplicationFocus();
        modalWindow.setIgnoreMouseEvents(false);
        modalWindow.setAlwaysOnTop(true, 'screen-saver', 1);
        modalWindow.focus();
@@ -29,6 +52,9 @@ export function createOverlayModalInputState(deps: OverlayModalInputStateDeps) {

    deps.syncOverlayShortcutsForModal(isActive);
    deps.syncOverlayVisibilityForModal();
+    if (!isActive) {
+      deps.restoreMainWindowFocus?.();
+    }
  };

  return {
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-bootstrap.ts
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ type InitializeOverlayRuntimeCore = (options: {
  ) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice>;
  getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => string;
  shouldStartAnkiIntegration: () => boolean;
+  bindOverlayOwner?: () => void;
+  releaseOverlayOwner?: () => void;
 }) => void;

 export function createInitializeOverlayRuntimeHandler(deps: {
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.test.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ test('overlay runtime main deps builder maps runtime state and callbacks', () =>
    overlayVisibilityRuntime: {
      updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-visible'),
    },
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => calls.push('refresh-subtitle'),
    overlayShortcutsRuntime: {
      syncOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('sync-shortcuts'),
    },
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ test('overlay runtime main deps builder maps runtime state and callbacks', () =>
  deps.registerGlobalShortcuts();
  deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
  deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
+  deps.refreshCurrentSubtitle?.();
  deps.syncOverlayShortcuts();
  deps.showDesktopNotification('title', {});

@@ -68,6 +70,7 @@ test('overlay runtime main deps builder maps runtime state and callbacks', () =>
    'register-shortcuts',
    'visible-bounds',
    'update-visible',
+    'refresh-subtitle',
    'sync-shortcuts',
    'notify',
  ]);
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options-main-deps.ts
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  overlayVisibilityRuntime: {
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
  };
+  refreshCurrentSubtitle?: () => void;
  overlayShortcutsRuntime: {
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  };
@@ -39,6 +40,8 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
  createFieldGroupingCallback: OverlayRuntimeOptionsMainDeps['createFieldGroupingCallback'];
  getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => string;
  shouldStartAnkiIntegration: () => boolean;
+  bindOverlayOwner?: () => void;
+  releaseOverlayOwner?: () => void;
 }) {
  return (): OverlayRuntimeOptionsMainDeps => ({
    getBackendOverride: () => deps.appState.backendOverride,
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => deps.overlayManager.getVisibleOverlayVisible(),
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () =>
      deps.overlayVisibilityRuntime.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(),
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => deps.refreshCurrentSubtitle?.(),
    getOverlayWindows: () => deps.getOverlayWindows(),
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => deps.overlayShortcutsRuntime.syncOverlayShortcuts(),
    setWindowTracker: (tracker) => {
@@ -71,5 +75,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeMainDepsHandler(deps: {
    createFieldGroupingCallback: () => deps.createFieldGroupingCallback(),
    getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => deps.getKnownWordCacheStatePath(),
    shouldStartAnkiIntegration: () => deps.shouldStartAnkiIntegration(),
+    bindOverlayOwner: deps.bindOverlayOwner,
+    releaseOverlayOwner: deps.releaseOverlayOwner,
  });
 }
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.test.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ test('build initialize overlay runtime options maps dependencies', () => {
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => calls.push('update-visible-bounds'),
    isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => true,
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => calls.push('update-visible'),
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: () => calls.push('refresh-subtitle'),
    getOverlayWindows: () => [],
    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => calls.push('sync-shortcuts'),
    setWindowTracker: () => calls.push('set-tracker'),
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ test('build initialize overlay runtime options maps dependencies', () => {
  options.registerGlobalShortcuts();
  options.updateVisibleOverlayBounds({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 10 });
  options.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility();
+  options.refreshCurrentSubtitle?.();
  options.syncOverlayShortcuts();
  options.setWindowTracker(null);
  options.setAnkiIntegration(null);
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@ test('build initialize overlay runtime options maps dependencies', () => {
    'register-shortcuts',
    'update-visible-bounds',
    'update-visible',
+    'refresh-subtitle',
    'sync-shortcuts',
    'set-tracker',
    'set-anki',
--- a/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/overlay-runtime-options.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ type OverlayRuntimeOptions = {
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
+  refreshCurrentSubtitle?: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ type OverlayRuntimeOptions = {
  ) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice>;
  getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => string;
  shouldStartAnkiIntegration: () => boolean;
+  bindOverlayOwner?: () => void;
+  releaseOverlayOwner?: () => void;
 };

 export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
  updateVisibleOverlayBounds: (geometry: WindowGeometry) => void;
  isVisibleOverlayVisible: () => boolean;
  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: () => void;
+  refreshCurrentSubtitle?: () => void;
  getOverlayWindows: () => BrowserWindow[];
  syncOverlayShortcuts: () => void;
  setWindowTracker: (tracker: BaseWindowTracker | null) => void;
@@ -65,6 +69,8 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
  ) => Promise<KikuFieldGroupingChoice>;
  getKnownWordCacheStatePath: () => string;
  shouldStartAnkiIntegration: () => boolean;
+  bindOverlayOwner?: () => void;
+  releaseOverlayOwner?: () => void;
 }) {
  return (): OverlayRuntimeOptions => ({
    backendOverride: deps.getBackendOverride(),
@@ -73,6 +79,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: deps.updateVisibleOverlayBounds,
    isVisibleOverlayVisible: deps.isVisibleOverlayVisible,
    updateVisibleOverlayVisibility: deps.updateVisibleOverlayVisibility,
+    refreshCurrentSubtitle: deps.refreshCurrentSubtitle,
    getOverlayWindows: deps.getOverlayWindows,
    syncOverlayShortcuts: deps.syncOverlayShortcuts,
    setWindowTracker: deps.setWindowTracker,
@@ -87,5 +94,7 @@ export function createBuildInitializeOverlayRuntimeOptionsHandler(deps: {
    createFieldGroupingCallback: deps.createFieldGroupingCallback,
    getKnownWordCacheStatePath: deps.getKnownWordCacheStatePath,
    shouldStartAnkiIntegration: deps.shouldStartAnkiIntegration,
+    bindOverlayOwner: deps.bindOverlayOwner,
+    releaseOverlayOwner: deps.releaseOverlayOwner,
  });
 }
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Kyle	009579f55e	chore(release): v0.12.0-beta.3	2026-04-11 01:06:36 -07:00
Kyle	1bd696ef11	Honor configured controller shortcuts and clean up modal opens	2026-04-11 00:52:18 -07:00
Kyle	29b85fd084	refactor: simplify Windows tracker helper API	2026-04-10 19:26:47 -07:00
Kyle	c9ce337c1a	fix: address latest CodeRabbit review	2026-04-10 19:22:01 -07:00
Kyle	d81fe87982	fix: address CodeRabbit review and ci	2026-04-10 19:11:16 -07:00
Kyle	aa6903d457	fix: address CodeRabbit review round 3	2026-04-10 18:57:49 -07:00
Kyle	659f468bfb	fix: address CodeRabbit follow-ups	2026-04-10 18:41:26 -07:00
Kyle	87fbe6c002	Address second CodeRabbit review round	2026-04-10 03:18:22 -07:00
Kyle	e06f12634f	fix(session-bindings): guard optional stats config in compile path	2026-04-10 02:56:53 -07:00
Kyle	48f74db239	feat: wire session bindings through main, ipc, and cli runtime	2026-04-10 02:54:01 -07:00
Kyle	fd6dea9d33	fix(ci): sync bun.lock for bun 1.3.5 frozen install	2026-04-10 02:52:25 -07:00
Kyle	0cdd79da9a	Fix Windows CodeRabbit review follow-ups	2026-04-10 02:29:28 -07:00
Kyle	3e7573c9fc	Fix Windows overlay z-order on minimize/restore and improve hover stability Use native synchronous z-order binding (koffi) instead of async PowerShell for overlay positioning, eliminating the 200-500ms delay that left the overlay behind mpv after restore. Hide the overlay immediately when mpv is minimized so the full show/reveal/z-order flow triggers cleanly on restore. Also adds hover suppression after visibility recovery and window resize to prevent spurious auto-pause, Windows secondary subtitle titlebar fix, and z-order sync burst retries on geometry changes.	2026-04-10 01:55:09 -07:00
Kyle	20a0efe572	Fix Windows secondary hover titlebar blocking	2026-04-10 01:54:12 -07:00
Kyle	7698258f61	Fix Windows overlay tracking, z-order, and startup visibility - switch Windows overlay tracking to native win32 polling with native owner and z-order helpers - keep the visible overlay and stats overlay aligned across focus handoff, transient tracker misses, and minimize/restore cycles - start the visible overlay click-through and hide the initial opaque startup frame until the tracked transparent state settles - add a backlog task for the inconsistent mpv y-t overlay toggle after menu toggles	2026-04-10 01:00:53 -07:00
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`export const OVERLAY_WINDOW_CONTENT_READY_FLAG = '__subminerOverlayContentReady';`