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.agents/skills/cloudflare-deploy/references/workerd/patterns.md

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+# Workerd Patterns
+
+## Multi-Service Architecture
+```capnp
+const config :Workerd.Config = (
+  services = [
+    (name = "frontend", worker = (
+      modules = [(name = "index.js", esModule = embed "frontend/index.js")],
+      compatibilityDate = "2024-01-15",
+      bindings = [(name = "API", service = "api")]
+    )),
+    (name = "api", worker = (
+      modules = [(name = "index.js", esModule = embed "api/index.js")],
+      compatibilityDate = "2024-01-15",
+      bindings = [(name = "DB", service = "postgres"), (name = "CACHE", kvNamespace = "kv")]
+    )),
+    (name = "postgres", external = (address = "db.internal:5432", http = ())),
+    (name = "kv", disk = (path = "/var/kv", writable = true))
+  ],
+  sockets = [(name = "http", address = "*:8080", http = (), service = "frontend")]
+);
+```
+
+## Durable Objects
+```capnp
+const worker :Workerd.Worker = (
+  modules = [(name = "index.js", esModule = embed "index.js"), (name = "room.js", esModule = embed "room.js")],
+  compatibilityDate = "2024-01-15",
+  bindings = [(name = "ROOMS", durableObjectNamespace = "Room")],
+  durableObjectNamespaces = [(className = "Room", uniqueKey = "v1")],
+  durableObjectStorage = (localDisk = "/var/do")
+);
+```
+
+## Dev vs Prod Configs
+```capnp
+# Use parameter bindings for env-specific config
+const baseWorker :Workerd.Worker = (
+  modules = [(name = "index.js", esModule = embed "src/index.js")],
+  compatibilityDate = "2024-01-15",
+  bindings = [(name = "API_URL", parameter = (type = text))]
+);
+
+const prodWorker :Workerd.Worker = (
+  inherit = "base-service",
+  bindings = [(name = "API_URL", text = "https://api.prod.com")]
+);
+```
+
+## HTTP Reverse Proxy
+```capnp
+services = [
+  (name = "proxy", worker = (serviceWorkerScript = embed "proxy.js", compatibilityDate = "2024-01-15", bindings = [(name = "BACKEND", service = "backend")])),
+  (name = "backend", external = (address = "internal:8080", http = ()))
+]
+```
+
+## Local Development
+
+**Recommended:** Use Wrangler
+```bash
+wrangler dev  # Uses workerd internally
+```
+
+**Direct workerd:**
+```bash
+workerd serve config.capnp --socket-addr http=*:3000 --verbose
+```
+
+**Environment variables:**
+```capnp
+bindings = [(name = "DATABASE_URL", fromEnvironment = "DATABASE_URL")]
+```
+
+## Testing
+```bash
+workerd test config.capnp
+workerd test config.capnp --test-only=test.js
+```
+
+Test files must be included in `modules = [...]` config.
+
+## Production Deployment
+
+### Compiled Binary (Recommended)
+```bash
+workerd compile config.capnp myConfig -o production-server
+./production-server
+```
+
+### Docker
+```dockerfile
+FROM debian:bookworm-slim
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ca-certificates
+COPY workerd /usr/local/bin/
+COPY config.capnp /etc/workerd/
+COPY src/ /etc/workerd/src/
+EXPOSE 8080
+CMD ["workerd", "serve", "/etc/workerd/config.capnp"]
+```
+
+### Systemd
+```ini
+# /etc/systemd/system/workerd.service
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/workerd serve /etc/workerd/config.capnp --socket-fd http=3
+Restart=always
+User=nobody
+```
+
+See systemd socket activation docs for complete setup.
+
+## Framework Integration
+
+### Hono
+```javascript
+import { Hono } from 'hono';
+
+const app = new Hono();
+
+app.get('/', (c) => c.text('Hello Hono!'));
+app.get('/api/:id', async (c) => {
+  const id = c.req.param('id');
+  const data = await c.env.KV.get(id);
+  return c.json({ id, data });
+});
+
+export default app;
+```
+
+### itty-router
+```javascript
+import { Router } from 'itty-router';
+
+const router = Router();
+
+router.get('/', () => new Response('Hello itty!'));
+router.get('/api/:id', async (request, env) => {
+  const { id } = request.params;
+  const data = await env.KV.get(id);
+  return Response.json({ id, data });
+});
+
+export default {
+  fetch: (request, env, ctx) => router.handle(request, env, ctx)
+};
+```
+
+## Best Practices
+
+1. **Use ES modules** over service worker syntax
+2. **Explicit bindings** - no global namespace assumptions
+3. **Type safety** - define `Env` interfaces (use `wrangler types`)
+4. **Service isolation** - split concerns into multiple services
+5. **Pin compat date** in production after testing
+6. **Use ctx.waitUntil()** for background tasks
+7. **Handle errors gracefully** with try/catch
+8. **Configure resource limits** on caches/storage
+
+## Common Patterns
+
+### Error Handling
+```javascript
+export default {
+  async fetch(request, env, ctx) {
+    try {
+      return await handleRequest(request, env);
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.error("Request failed", error);
+      return new Response("Internal Error", {status: 500});
+    }
+  }
+};
+```
+
+### Background Tasks
+```javascript
+export default {
+  async fetch(request, env, ctx) {
+    const response = new Response("OK");
+    
+    // Fire-and-forget background work
+    ctx.waitUntil(
+      env.ANALYTICS.put(request.url, Date.now())
+    );
+    
+    return response;
+  }
+};
+```
+
+See [configuration.md](./configuration.md) for config syntax, [api.md](./api.md) for runtime APIs, [gotchas.md](./gotchas.md) for common errors.