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.agents/skills/cloudflare-deploy/references/d1/configuration.md

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+# D1 Configuration
+
+## wrangler.jsonc Setup
+
+```jsonc
+{
+  "name": "your-worker-name",
+  "main": "src/index.ts",
+  "compatibility_date": "2025-01-01", // Use current date for new projects
+  "d1_databases": [
+    {
+      "binding": "DB",                    // Env variable name
+      "database_name": "your-db-name",    // Human-readable name
+      "database_id": "your-database-id",  // UUID from dashboard/CLI
+      "migrations_dir": "migrations"      // Optional: default is "migrations"
+    },
+    // Read replica (paid plans only)
+    {
+      "binding": "DB_REPLICA",
+      "database_name": "your-db-name",
+      "database_id": "your-database-id"   // Same ID, different binding
+    },
+    // Multiple databases
+    {
+      "binding": "ANALYTICS_DB",
+      "database_name": "analytics-db",
+      "database_id": "yyy-yyy-yyy"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+## TypeScript Types
+
+```typescript
+interface Env { DB: D1Database; ANALYTICS_DB?: D1Database; }
+
+export default {
+  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env, ctx: ExecutionContext): Promise<Response> {
+    const result = await env.DB.prepare('SELECT * FROM users').all();
+    return Response.json(result.results);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Migrations
+
+File structure: `migrations/0001_initial_schema.sql`, `0002_add_posts.sql`, etc.
+
+### Example Migration
+
+```sql
+-- migrations/0001_initial_schema.sql
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
+  id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+  email TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+  name TEXT NOT NULL,
+  created_at TEXT DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+  updated_at TEXT DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_email ON users(email);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS posts (
+  id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+  user_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+  title TEXT NOT NULL,
+  content TEXT,
+  published BOOLEAN DEFAULT 0,
+  created_at TEXT DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+  FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_user_id ON posts(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_published ON posts(published);
+```
+
+### Running Migrations
+
+```bash
+# Create new migration file
+wrangler d1 migrations create <db-name> add_users_table
+# Creates: migrations/0001_add_users_table.sql
+
+# Apply migrations
+wrangler d1 migrations apply <db-name> --local     # Apply to local DB
+wrangler d1 migrations apply <db-name> --remote    # Apply to production DB
+
+# List applied migrations
+wrangler d1 migrations list <db-name> --remote
+
+# Direct SQL execution (bypasses migration tracking)
+wrangler d1 execute <db-name> --remote --command="SELECT * FROM users"
+wrangler d1 execute <db-name> --local --file=./schema.sql
+```
+
+**Migration tracking**: Wrangler creates `d1_migrations` table automatically to track applied migrations
+
+## Indexing Strategy
+
+```sql
+-- Index frequently queried columns
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_email ON users(email);
+
+-- Composite indexes for multi-column queries
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_user_published ON posts(user_id, published);
+
+-- Covering indexes (include queried columns)
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_email_name ON users(email, name);
+
+-- Partial indexes for filtered queries
+CREATE INDEX idx_active_users ON users(email) WHERE active = 1;
+
+-- Check if query uses index
+EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?;
+```
+
+## Drizzle ORM
+
+```typescript
+// drizzle.config.ts
+export default {
+  schema: './src/schema.ts', out: './migrations', dialect: 'sqlite', driver: 'd1-http',
+  dbCredentials: { accountId: process.env.CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID!, databaseId: process.env.D1_DATABASE_ID!, token: process.env.CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN! }
+} satisfies Config;
+
+// schema.ts
+import { sqliteTable, text, integer } from 'drizzle-orm/sqlite-core';
+export const users = sqliteTable('users', {
+  id: integer('id').primaryKey({ autoIncrement: true }),
+  email: text('email').notNull().unique(),
+  name: text('name').notNull()
+});
+
+// worker.ts
+import { drizzle } from 'drizzle-orm/d1';
+import { users } from './schema';
+export default {
+  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env) {
+    const db = drizzle(env.DB);
+    return Response.json(await db.select().from(users));
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Import & Export
+
+```bash
+# Export full database (schema + data)
+wrangler d1 export <db-name> --remote --output=./backup.sql
+
+# Export data only (no schema)
+wrangler d1 export <db-name> --remote --no-schema --output=./data-only.sql
+
+# Export with foreign key constraints preserved
+# (Default: foreign keys are disabled during export for import compatibility)
+
+# Import SQL file
+wrangler d1 execute <db-name> --remote --file=./backup.sql
+
+# Limitations
+# - BLOB data may not export correctly (use R2 for binary files)
+# - Very large exports (>1GB) may timeout (split into chunks)
+# - Import is NOT atomic (use batch() for transactional imports in Workers)
+```
+
+## Plan Tiers
+
+| Feature | Free | Paid |
+|---------|------|------|
+| Database size | 500 MB | 10 GB |
+| Batch size | 1,000 statements | 10,000 statements |
+| Time Travel | 7 days | 30 days |
+| Read replicas | ❌ | ✅ |
+| Sessions API | ❌ | ✅ (up to 15 min) |
+| Pricing | Free | $5/mo + usage |
+
+**Usage pricing** (paid plans): $0.001 per 1K reads + $1 per 1M writes + $0.75/GB storage/month
+
+## Local Development
+
+```bash
+wrangler dev --persist-to=./.wrangler/state  # Persist across restarts
+# Local DB: .wrangler/state/v3/d1/<database-id>.sqlite
+sqlite3 .wrangler/state/v3/d1/<database-id>.sqlite  # Inspect
+
+# Local dev uses free tier limits by default
+```