diff --git a/.github/pull_request_template.md b/.github/pull_request_template.md
index eca232fc..75fa3c19 100644
--- a/.github/pull_request_template.md
+++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ If docs-site/ changed, also: bun run docs:test && bun run docs:build
 
 ## Checklist
 
-- [ ] Added a changelog fragment, or this PR is labeled `skip-changelog` (see [`changes/README.md`](../changes/README.md))
+- [ ] Reconciled current-outcome changelog fragment(s), or this PR is labeled `skip-changelog` (see [`changes/README.md`](../changes/README.md))
 - [ ] Docs updated in the same PR if behavior, defaults, flags, shortcuts, ports, or APIs changed
 - [ ] Relevant checks pass locally (typecheck, tests, build)
diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index c9212a52..306d9e6f 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Start here, then leave this file.
 
 ## Release / PR Notes
 
-- User-visible PRs need one fragment in `changes/*.md` — format and rules in [`changes/README.md`](./changes/README.md) (`type` + `area` keys required; apply the `skip-changelog` label to opt out)
+- User-visible PRs need reconciled current-outcome fragment(s) in `changes/*.md` — format and rules in [`changes/README.md`](./changes/README.md) (`type` + `area` keys required; inspect existing same-PR fragments, then update/remove stale bullets or add only genuinely separate outcomes; apply the `skip-changelog` label to opt out)
 - User-visible docs changes get a `type: docs` fragment
 - CI enforces `bun run changelog:lint` and `bun run changelog:pr-check`
 - PR review helpers:
diff --git a/changes/README.md b/changes/README.md
index c22364a6..667c6845 100644
--- a/changes/README.md
+++ b/changes/README.md
@@ -31,6 +31,13 @@ Rules:
 - `README.md` is ignored by the generator
 - if a PR should not produce release notes, apply the `skip-changelog` label instead of adding a fragment
 
+PR branch workflow:
+
+- Before adding a fragment or bullet, inspect the `changes/*.md` files already changed in the PR
+- If the new work fixes, modifies, renames, or supersedes behavior introduced or referenced by that fragment, edit or remove the stale bullet instead of adding follow-up churn
+- Add a new bullet only when it describes a truly separate user-visible outcome
+- Multiple fragment files are allowed when one PR has genuinely separate release-note outcomes, but keep them minimized and current
+
 How fragments turn into a release:
 
 - At release time, `bun run changelog:build` (and `bun run changelog:prerelease-notes`) pipes every pending fragment through `claude -p` to merge related items, drop noise, and rewrite into a clean user-facing release body. Write fragments as raw, informative notes — don't worry about polished prose, deduping across PRs, or line-by-line phrasing. The polish step handles all of that.
diff --git a/changes/changelog-pr-fragment-consolidation.md b/changes/changelog-pr-fragment-consolidation.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be8dc1fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changes/changelog-pr-fragment-consolidation.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: changed
+area: release
+
+- Changed PR changelog guidance to preserve multiple fragments for genuinely separate outcomes while directing contributors to update, remove, or merge same-PR fragment notes before adding follow-up churn.
diff --git a/scripts/build-changelog.test.ts b/scripts/build-changelog.test.ts
index cdc0dcc3..995ed157 100644
--- a/scripts/build-changelog.test.ts
+++ b/scripts/build-changelog.test.ts
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ test('verifyPullRequestChangelog requires fragments for user-facing changes and
         changedEntries: [{ path: 'src/main-entry.ts', status: 'M' }],
         changedLabels: [],
       }),
-    /requires a changelog fragment/,
+    /requires a reconciled changelog fragment/,
   );
 
   assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ test('verifyPullRequestChangelog requires fragments for user-facing changes and
         ],
         changedLabels: [],
       }),
-    /requires a changelog fragment/,
+    /requires a reconciled changelog fragment/,
   );
 
   assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
@@ -526,6 +526,27 @@ test('verifyPullRequestChangelog requires fragments for user-facing changes and
       changedLabels: [],
     }),
   );
+
+  assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
+    verifyPullRequestChangelog({
+      changedEntries: [
+        { path: 'src/main-entry.ts', status: 'M' },
+        { path: 'changes/001.md', status: 'M' },
+      ],
+      changedLabels: [],
+    }),
+  );
+
+  assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
+    verifyPullRequestChangelog({
+      changedEntries: [
+        { path: 'src/main-entry.ts', status: 'M' },
+        { path: 'changes/001.md', status: 'A' },
+        { path: 'changes/002.md', status: 'A' },
+      ],
+      changedLabels: [],
+    }),
+  );
 });
 
 test('writePrereleaseNotesForVersion writes cumulative beta notes without mutating stable changelog artifacts', async () => {
diff --git a/scripts/build-changelog.ts b/scripts/build-changelog.ts
index f30935ea..97b5a246 100644
--- a/scripts/build-changelog.ts
+++ b/scripts/build-changelog.ts
@@ -661,14 +661,15 @@ export function verifyPullRequestChangelog(options: PullRequestChangelogOptions)
     return;
   }
 
-  const hasFragment = normalizedEntries.some(
+  const fragmentEntries = normalizedEntries.filter(
     (entry) => entry.status !== 'D' && isFragmentPath(entry.path),
   );
+  const hasFragment = fragmentEntries.length > 0;
   const requiresFragment = normalizedEntries.some((entry) => !isIgnoredPullRequestPath(entry.path));
 
   if (requiresFragment && !hasFragment) {
     throw new Error(
-      `This pull request changes release-relevant files and requires a changelog fragment under changes/ or the ${SKIP_CHANGELOG_LABEL} label.`,
+      `This pull request changes release-relevant files and requires a reconciled changelog fragment under changes/ or the ${SKIP_CHANGELOG_LABEL} label. Before adding a new fragment, update the existing PR fragment when the new work modifies, fixes, or supersedes behavior already described there.`,
     );
   }
 }