fix: suppress known highlights for subtitle particles

backlog/tasks/task-338 - Fix-known-word-highlight-on-standalone-subtitle-particles.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+---
+id: TASK-338
+title: Fix known-word highlight on standalone subtitle particles
+status: Done
+assignee:
+  - codex
+created_date: '2026-05-04 05:52'
+updated_date: '2026-05-04 05:57'
+labels:
+  - bug
+  - subtitle
+  - tokenizer
+dependencies: []
+references:
+  - src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.ts
+  - src/core/services/tokenizer/subtitle-annotation-filter.ts
+  - src/renderer/subtitle-render.ts
+priority: medium
+---
+
+## Description
+
+<!-- SECTION:DESCRIPTION:BEGIN -->
+Standalone grammar particles such as に should not render as known-word green when they appear in the known-word cache as readings for other words. Keep known-word coloring for lexical tokens, but prevent grammar-excluded subtitle tokens from getting known-green.
+<!-- SECTION:DESCRIPTION:END -->
+
+## Acceptance Criteria
+<!-- AC:BEGIN -->
+- [x] #1 Standalone grammar particles like に do not retain isKnown after subtitle annotation filtering.
+- [x] #2 Lexical known-word tokens still render as known when not grammar-excluded.
+- [x] #3 Focused regression test covers the particle false-positive path.
+<!-- AC:END -->
+
+## Implementation Plan
+
+<!-- SECTION:PLAN:BEGIN -->
+1. Add a focused regression in `src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts` showing standalone particle `に` is grammar-excluded and does not retain `isKnown` even when `isKnownWord('に')` is true.
+2. Run the focused tokenizer annotation test and confirm the new test fails for the current behavior.
+3. Patch `src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.ts` so grammar-excluded tokens clear known status while still stripping N+1/frequency/JLPT/name metadata.
+4. Run the focused test file, then inspect diff and update task acceptance criteria.
+<!-- SECTION:PLAN:END -->
+
+## Implementation Notes
+
+<!-- SECTION:NOTES:BEGIN -->
+Implemented tokenizer annotation filtering so grammar-excluded subtitle tokens clear known-word status instead of retaining green known coloring. Added focused regression for known-word-cache particle false positive and updated existing expectations for unified annotation clearing. Verification: `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts --test-name-pattern "clears known status from standalone particles"` failed before the production patch; after patch, `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts`, `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer.test.ts`, combined tokenizer tests, `bun run typecheck`, `bun run changelog:lint`, and `bun run test:fast` passed.
+
+Full handoff gate follow-up: `bun run test:env` and `bun run build` passed. `bun run test:smoke:dist` failed outside this tokenizer change in `dist/core/services/overlay-manager.test.js` because current dirty overlay-window code calls `window.getTitle()` on a test mock that does not provide it.
+<!-- SECTION:NOTES:END -->
+
+## Final Summary
+
+<!-- SECTION:FINAL_SUMMARY:BEGIN -->
+Summary:
+- Cleared `isKnown` for grammar-excluded subtitle tokens in the tokenizer annotation stage, preventing standalone particles such as `に` from rendering as known just because a known-word deck contains a matching reading.
+- Added a focused regression test for the known-word-cache false positive and updated tokenizer expectations so helper/grammar spans consistently clear all subtitle annotations.
+- Added changelog fragment `changes/338-known-word-particle-highlights.md`.
+
+Verification:
+- `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts --test-name-pattern "clears known status from standalone particles"` failed before the production patch.
+- `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts`
+- `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer.test.ts`
+- `bun test src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts src/core/services/tokenizer.test.ts`
+- `bun run typecheck`
+- `bun run changelog:lint`
+- `bun run test:fast`
+- `bun run test:env`
+- `bun run build`
+
+Blocked/External:
+- `bun run test:smoke:dist` currently fails outside this tokenizer change in `dist/core/services/overlay-manager.test.js`: dirty overlay-window code calls `window.getTitle()` on a test mock without that method.
+<!-- SECTION:FINAL_SUMMARY:END -->

changes/338-known-word-particle-highlights.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: fixed
+area: tokenizer
+
+- Prevented standalone grammar and helper tokens such as `に` from being colored as known words when readings from known-word decks match them.

src/core/services/tokenizer.test.ts

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle splits same-line grammar endings before applying annotati
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[0]?.jlptLevel, 'N5');
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[0]?.frequencyRank, 40);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.surface, 'です');
-  assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
@@ -3230,7 +3230,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle excludes default non-independent pos2 from N+1 and freque
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
 });
 
-test('tokenizeSubtitle preserves known-word highlight for exact non-independent kanji noun tokens', async () => {
+test('tokenizeSubtitle clears known-word highlight for exact non-independent kanji noun tokens', async () => {
   const result = await tokenizeSubtitle(
     'その点',
     makeDepsFromYomitanTokens(
@@ -3278,7 +3278,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle preserves known-word highlight for exact non-independent
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.length, 2);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.surface, '点');
-  assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result.tokens?.[1]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
@@ -3335,7 +3335,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps mecab-tagged interjections tokenized while clearing
   );
 });
 
-test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps excluded interjections hoverable while clearing only their annotation metadata', async () => {
+test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps excluded interjections hoverable while clearing annotation metadata', async () => {
   const result = await tokenizeSubtitle(
     'ぐはっ 猫',
     makeDeps({
@@ -3409,7 +3409,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps excluded interjections hoverable while clearing onl
   );
 });
 
-test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps explanatory ending variants hoverable while clearing only their annotation metadata', async () => {
+test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps explanatory ending variants hoverable while clearing annotation metadata', async () => {
   const result = await tokenizeSubtitle(
     '猫んです',
     makeDepsFromYomitanTokens(
@@ -3480,7 +3480,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps explanatory ending variants hoverable while clearin
   );
 });
 
-test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps standalone grammar-only tokens hoverable while clearing only their annotation metadata', async () => {
+test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps standalone grammar-only tokens hoverable while clearing annotation metadata', async () => {
   const result = await tokenizeSubtitle(
     '私はこの猫です',
     makeDeps({
@@ -3599,7 +3599,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps standalone grammar-only tokens hoverable while clea
   );
 });
 
-test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps trailing quote-particle merged tokens hoverable while clearing only their annotation metadata', async () => {
+test('tokenizeSubtitle keeps trailing quote-particle merged tokens hoverable while clearing annotation metadata', async () => {
   const result = await tokenizeSubtitle(
     'どうしてもって',
     makeDepsFromYomitanTokens(
@@ -3893,7 +3893,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears all annotations for kana-only demonstrative helper
       {
         surface: 'これで',
         headword: 'これ',
-        isKnown: true,
+        isKnown: false,
         isNPlusOneTarget: false,
         frequencyRank: undefined,
         jlptLevel: undefined,
@@ -4008,7 +4008,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears all annotations for explanatory pondering endings'
       {
         surface: 'のかな',
         headword: 'の',
-        isKnown: true,
+        isKnown: false,
         isNPlusOneTarget: false,
         frequencyRank: undefined,
         jlptLevel: undefined,
@@ -4447,7 +4447,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears annotations for ja-nai explanatory endings and aru
     {
       surface: 'ある',
       headword: 'ある',
-      isKnown: true,
+      isKnown: false,
       isNPlusOneTarget: false,
       frequencyRank: undefined,
       jlptLevel: undefined,
@@ -4492,7 +4492,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears annotations for standalone polite copula endings w
     {
       surface: 'ですよ',
       headword: 'です',
-      isKnown: true,
+      isKnown: false,
       isNPlusOneTarget: false,
       frequencyRank: undefined,
       jlptLevel: undefined,
@@ -4819,7 +4819,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears annotations for auxiliary inflection fragments whi
     {
       surface: 'れた',
       headword: 'れる',
-      isKnown: true,
+      isKnown: false,
       isNPlusOneTarget: false,
       frequencyRank: undefined,
       jlptLevel: undefined,
@@ -4956,7 +4956,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears annotations for te-kureru auxiliary helper spans',
     {
       surface: 'てく',
       headword: 'てく',
-      isKnown: true,
+      isKnown: false,
       isNPlusOneTarget: false,
       frequencyRank: undefined,
       jlptLevel: undefined,
@@ -4967,7 +4967,7 @@ test('tokenizeSubtitle clears annotations for te-kureru auxiliary helper spans',
     {
       surface: 'れた',
       headword: 'れる',
-      isKnown: true,
+      isKnown: false,
       isNPlusOneTarget: false,
       frequencyRank: undefined,
       jlptLevel: undefined,

src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts

@@ -898,8 +898,8 @@ test('annotateTokens N+1 minimum sentence words counts only eligible word tokens
   );
 
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
-  assert.equal(result[1]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[1]?.isKnown, false);
-  assert.equal(result[2]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[2]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
 });
 
@@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@ test('annotateTokens excludes default non-independent pos2 from frequency and N+
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens preserves exact known-word status for non-independent kanji noun tokens', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known-word status for non-independent kanji noun tokens', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: '点',
@@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@ test('annotateTokens preserves exact known-word status for non-independent kanji
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
@@ -1352,13 +1352,13 @@ test('annotateTokens applies one shared exclusion gate across known N+1 frequenc
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for kana-only non-independent noun helper merges', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for kana-only non-independent noun helper merges', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'ことに',
@@ -1382,13 +1382,13 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for kan
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for standalone auxiliary inflection fragments', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for standalone auxiliary inflection fragments', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'れる',
@@ -1424,14 +1424,14 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for sta
   );
 
   for (const token of result) {
-    assert.equal(token.isKnown, true, token.surface);
+    assert.equal(token.isKnown, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.isNPlusOneTarget, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.frequencyRank, undefined, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.jlptLevel, undefined, token.surface);
   }
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for auxiliary-only te-kureru helper spans', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for auxiliary-only te-kureru helper spans', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'てく',
@@ -1467,7 +1467,7 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for aux
   );
 
   for (const token of result) {
-    assert.equal(token.isKnown, true, token.surface);
+    assert.equal(token.isKnown, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.isNPlusOneTarget, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.frequencyRank, undefined, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.jlptLevel, undefined, token.surface);
@@ -1503,7 +1503,7 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps lexical くれる forms eligible for annotation', ()
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, 'N4');
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for standalone して helper fragments', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for standalone して helper fragments', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'してる',
@@ -1527,13 +1527,13 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for sta
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for standalone particle fragments without POS tags', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for standalone particle fragments without POS tags', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'と',
@@ -1557,12 +1557,54 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for sta
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
+test('annotateTokens clears known status from standalone particles even when the known-word cache contains them', () => {
+  const tokens = [
+    makeToken({
+      surface: 'に',
+      headword: 'に',
+      reading: 'ニ',
+      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.particle,
+      pos1: '助詞',
+      pos2: '格助詞',
+      startPos: 0,
+      endPos: 1,
+      frequencyRank: 2,
+    }),
+    makeToken({
+      surface: '泉',
+      headword: '泉',
+      reading: 'イズミ',
+      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.noun,
+      pos1: '名詞',
+      pos2: '一般',
+      startPos: 1,
+      endPos: 2,
+      frequencyRank: 50,
+    }),
+  ];
+
+  const result = annotateTokens(
+    tokens,
+    makeDeps({
+      isKnownWord: (text) => text === 'に' || text === '泉',
+      getJlptLevel: (text) => (text === 'に' ? 'N5' : null),
+    }),
+    { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
+  assert.equal(result[1]?.isKnown, true);
+});
+
 test('annotateTokens does not mark standalone connective particles as N+1', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
@@ -1613,7 +1655,7 @@ test('annotateTokens does not mark standalone connective particles as N+1', () =
   assert.equal(result[1]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for rhetorical もんか grammar particle phrases', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for rhetorical もんか grammar particle phrases', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'もんか',
@@ -1637,13 +1679,13 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for rhe
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for bare くれ auxiliary fragments', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for bare くれ auxiliary fragments', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'くれ',
@@ -1667,13 +1709,13 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for bar
     { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
   );
 
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for aru existence verbs', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for aru existence verbs', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: '有る',
@@ -1703,14 +1745,14 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for aru
 
   assert.equal(result[0]?.surface, '有る');
   assert.equal(result[0]?.headword, '有る');
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNameMatch, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for standalone quote particle and auxiliary grammar terms', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations for standalone quote particle and auxiliary grammar terms', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'って',
@@ -1746,14 +1788,14 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations for sta
   );
 
   for (const token of result) {
-    assert.equal(token.isKnown, true, token.surface);
+    assert.equal(token.isKnown, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.isNPlusOneTarget, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.frequencyRank, undefined, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.jlptLevel, undefined, token.surface);
   }
 });
 
-test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations from standalone あ interjections without POS tags', () => {
+test('annotateTokens clears known status and other annotations from standalone あ interjections without POS tags', () => {
   const tokens = [
     makeToken({
       surface: 'あ',
@@ -1783,7 +1825,7 @@ test('annotateTokens keeps known status while clearing other annotations from st
   assert.equal(result[0]?.surface, 'あ');
   assert.equal(result[0]?.headword, 'あ');
   assert.equal(result[0]?.reading, 'あ');
-  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.isNPlusOneTarget, false);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, undefined);
   assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, undefined);
@@ -1845,7 +1887,7 @@ test('annotateTokens clears all annotations from expressive subtitle interjectio
   );
 
   for (const token of result.slice(0, 2)) {
-    assert.equal(token.isKnown, true, token.surface);
+    assert.equal(token.isKnown, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.isNPlusOneTarget, false, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.frequencyRank, undefined, token.surface);
     assert.equal(token.jlptLevel, undefined, token.surface);

src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.ts

@@ -627,9 +627,7 @@ export function annotateTokens(
       });
       return {
         ...strippedToken,
-        isKnown: nPlusOneEnabled
+        isKnown: false,
-          ? computeTokenKnownStatus(token, deps.isKnownWord, deps.knownWordMatchMode)
-          : false,
       };
     }