fix: transport AppImage args via env and gate restart on app-ping

- Transport Linux AppImage CLI args through SUBMINER_APP_ARGC/ARG_* env vars instead of argv
- Add --app-ping command to probe single-instance lock ownership (exit 0 = running, 1 = not)
- Gate manual restart: poll app-ping until old app releases lock, then until new app owns it
- Preserve user-paused playback when disarming the auto-play-ready gate on restart
- Snapshot subtitles before connection side effects (sub-visibility hide) can suppress them
- Reapply overlay bounds after first show for Hyprland compatibility

src/cli/args.test.ts

@@ -236,6 +236,11 @@ test('hasExplicitCommand and shouldStartApp preserve command intent', () => {
   assert.equal(shouldStartApp(help), false);
   assert.equal(shouldRunSettingsOnlyStartup(help), false);
 
+  const appPing = parseArgs(['--app-ping']);
+  assert.equal(appPing.appPing, true);
+  assert.equal(hasExplicitCommand(appPing), true);
+  assert.equal(shouldStartApp(appPing), false);
+
   const youtubePlay = parseArgs(['--youtube-play', 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc']);
   assert.equal(commandNeedsOverlayStartupPrereqs(youtubePlay), true);
 

src/cli/args.ts

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ export interface CliArgs {
   texthooker: boolean;
   texthookerOpenBrowser: boolean;
   help: boolean;
+  appPing?: boolean;
   update?: boolean;
   updateLauncherPath?: string;
   updateResponsePath?: string;
@@ -172,6 +173,7 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
     texthooker: false,
     texthookerOpenBrowser: false,
     help: false,
+    appPing: false,
     update: false,
     updateLauncherPath: undefined,
     updateResponsePath: undefined,
@@ -339,6 +341,7 @@ export function parseArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
     else if (arg === '--jellyfin-preview-auth') args.jellyfinPreviewAuth = true;
     else if (arg === '--texthooker') args.texthooker = true;
     else if (arg === '--open-browser') args.texthookerOpenBrowser = true;
+    else if (arg === '--app-ping') args.appPing = true;
     else if (arg === '--update') args.update = true;
     else if (arg.startsWith('--update-launcher-path=')) {
       const value = arg.split('=', 2)[1];
@@ -540,6 +543,7 @@ export function hasExplicitCommand(args: CliArgs): boolean {
     args.jellyfinRemoteAnnounce ||
     args.jellyfinPreviewAuth ||
     args.texthooker ||
+    args.appPing ||
     args.update ||
     args.generateConfig ||
     args.help
@@ -612,6 +616,7 @@ export function isStandaloneTexthookerCommand(args: CliArgs): boolean {
     !args.jellyfinPlay &&
     !args.jellyfinRemoteAnnounce &&
     !args.jellyfinPreviewAuth &&
+    !args.appPing &&
     !args.update &&
     !args.help &&
     !args.autoStartOverlay &&
@@ -737,6 +742,7 @@ export function shouldRunSettingsOnlyStartup(args: CliArgs): boolean {
     !args.jellyfinRemoteAnnounce &&
     !args.jellyfinPreviewAuth &&
     !args.texthooker &&
+    !args.appPing &&
     !args.update &&
     !args.help &&
     !args.autoStartOverlay &&

src/core/services/app-lifecycle.test.ts

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ function makeArgs(overrides: Partial<CliArgs> = {}): CliArgs {
     texthooker: false,
     texthookerOpenBrowser: false,
     help: false,
+    appPing: false,
     autoStartOverlay: false,
     generateConfig: false,
     backupOverwrite: false,
@@ -91,6 +92,9 @@ function createDeps(overrides: Partial<AppLifecycleServiceDeps> = {}) {
     quitApp: () => {
       calls.push('quitApp');
     },
+    exitApp: (code) => {
+      calls.push(`exit:${code}`);
+    },
     onSecondInstance: () => {},
     handleCliCommand: () => {},
     printHelp: () => {
@@ -136,3 +140,30 @@ test('startAppLifecycle still acquires lock for startup commands', () => {
 
   assert.equal(getLockCalls(), 1);
 });
+
+test('startAppLifecycle app ping exits non-zero immediately when no running instance owns the lock', () => {
+  const { deps, calls, getLockCalls } = createDeps({
+    shouldStartApp: () => false,
+  });
+
+  startAppLifecycle(makeArgs({ appPing: true }), deps);
+
+  assert.equal(getLockCalls(), 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['exit:1']);
+});
+
+test('startAppLifecycle app ping exits zero immediately when another instance owns the lock', () => {
+  let lockCalls = 0;
+  const { deps, calls } = createDeps({
+    shouldStartApp: () => false,
+    requestSingleInstanceLock: () => {
+      lockCalls += 1;
+      return false;
+    },
+  });
+
+  startAppLifecycle(makeArgs({ appPing: true }), deps);
+
+  assert.equal(lockCalls, 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['exit:0']);
+});

src/core/services/app-lifecycle.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ export interface AppLifecycleServiceDeps {
   parseArgs: (argv: string[]) => CliArgs;
   requestSingleInstanceLock: () => boolean;
   quitApp: () => void;
+  exitApp: (code: number) => void;
   onSecondInstance: (handler: (_event: unknown, argv: string[]) => void) => void;
   handleCliCommand: (args: CliArgs, source: CliCommandSource) => void;
   printHelp: () => void;
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ export interface AppLifecycleServiceDeps {
 interface AppLike {
   requestSingleInstanceLock: () => boolean;
   quit: () => void;
+  exit?: (exitCode?: number) => void;
   on: (...args: any[]) => unknown;
   whenReady: () => Promise<void>;
 }
@@ -54,6 +56,14 @@ export function createAppLifecycleDepsRuntime(
     parseArgs: options.parseArgs,
     requestSingleInstanceLock: () => options.app.requestSingleInstanceLock(),
     quitApp: () => options.app.quit(),
+    exitApp: (code) => {
+      if (options.app.exit) {
+        options.app.exit(code);
+        return;
+      }
+      process.exitCode = code;
+      options.app.quit();
+    },
     onSecondInstance: (handler) => {
       options.app.on('second-instance', handler as (...args: unknown[]) => void);
     },
@@ -94,6 +104,11 @@ export function startAppLifecycle(initialArgs: CliArgs, deps: AppLifecycleServic
   }
 
   const gotTheLock = deps.requestSingleInstanceLock();
+  if (initialArgs.appPing) {
+    deps.exitApp(gotTheLock ? 1 : 0);
+    return;
+  }
+
   if (!gotTheLock) {
     deps.quitApp();
     return;

src/core/services/mpv.test.ts

@@ -385,6 +385,41 @@ test('MpvIpcClient connect does not force primary subtitle visibility from bindi
   assert.equal(hasPrimaryVisibilityMutation, false);
 });
 
+test('MpvIpcClient snapshots current subtitles before connection side effects can hide them', () => {
+  const commands: unknown[] = [];
+  const client = new MpvIpcClient('/tmp/mpv.sock', makeDeps());
+  (client as any).send = (command: unknown) => {
+    commands.push(command);
+    return true;
+  };
+  client.on('connection-change', ({ connected }) => {
+    if (connected) {
+      client.setSubVisibility(false);
+    }
+  });
+
+  const callbacks = (client as any).transport.callbacks;
+  callbacks.onConnect();
+
+  const firstSubTextSnapshot = commands.findIndex((command) => {
+    const args = (command as { command?: unknown[] }).command;
+    return Array.isArray(args) && args[0] === 'get_property' && args[1] === 'sub-text';
+  });
+  const firstPrimaryHide = commands.findIndex((command) => {
+    const args = (command as { command?: unknown[] }).command;
+    return (
+      Array.isArray(args) &&
+      args[0] === 'set_property' &&
+      args[1] === 'sub-visibility' &&
+      (args[2] === false || args[2] === 'no')
+    );
+  });
+
+  assert.notEqual(firstSubTextSnapshot, -1);
+  assert.notEqual(firstPrimaryHide, -1);
+  assert.ok(firstSubTextSnapshot < firstPrimaryHide);
+});
+
 test('MpvIpcClient setSubVisibility writes compatibility commands for visibility toggle', () => {
   const commands: unknown[] = [];
   const client = new MpvIpcClient('/tmp/mpv.sock', makeDeps());

src/core/services/mpv.ts

@@ -186,12 +186,12 @@ export class MpvIpcClient implements MpvClient {
         this.connected = true;
         this.connecting = false;
         this.socket = this.transport.getSocket();
-        this.emit('connection-change', { connected: true });
         this.reconnectAttempt = 0;
         this.hasConnectedOnce = true;
         this.setSecondarySubVisibility(false);
         subscribeToMpvProperties(this.send.bind(this));
         requestMpvInitialState(this.send.bind(this));
+        this.emit('connection-change', { connected: true });
 
         const shouldAutoStart =
           this.deps.autoStartOverlay || this.deps.getResolvedConfig().auto_start_overlay === true;

src/core/services/overlay-visibility.test.ts

@@ -13,15 +13,26 @@ type WindowTrackerStub = {
 
 function createMainWindowRecorder() {
   const calls: string[] = [];
+  const listeners = new Map<string, Array<() => void>>();
   let visible = false;
   let focused = false;
   let opacity = 1;
   let contentReady = true;
+  const emit = (event: string): void => {
+    const handlers = listeners.get(event) ?? [];
+    listeners.delete(event);
+    for (const handler of handlers) {
+      handler();
+    }
+  };
   const window = {
     webContents: {},
     isDestroyed: () => false,
     isVisible: () => visible,
     isFocused: () => focused,
+    once: (event: string, handler: () => void) => {
+      listeners.set(event, [...(listeners.get(event) ?? []), handler]);
+    },
     hide: () => {
       visible = false;
       focused = false;
@@ -30,10 +41,12 @@ function createMainWindowRecorder() {
     show: () => {
       visible = true;
       calls.push('show');
+      emit('show');
     },
     showInactive: () => {
       visible = true;
       calls.push('show-inactive');
+      emit('show');
     },
     focus: () => {
       focused = true;
@@ -216,6 +229,44 @@ test('untracked non-macOS overlay keeps fallback visible behavior when no tracke
   assert.ok(!calls.includes('osd'));
 });
 
+test('tracked non-macOS overlay reapplies bounds after first show', () => {
+  const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
+  const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {
+    isTracking: () => true,
+    getGeometry: () => ({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 1280, height: 720 }),
+  };
+
+  updateVisibleOverlayVisibility({
+    visibleOverlayVisible: true,
+    mainWindow: window as never,
+    windowTracker: tracker as never,
+    trackerNotReadyWarningShown: false,
+    setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown: () => {},
+    updateVisibleOverlayBounds: () => {
+      calls.push('update-bounds');
+    },
+    ensureOverlayWindowLevel: () => {
+      calls.push('ensure-level');
+    },
+    syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-layer');
+    },
+    enforceOverlayLayerOrder: () => {
+      calls.push('enforce-order');
+    },
+    syncOverlayShortcuts: () => {
+      calls.push('sync-shortcuts');
+    },
+    isMacOSPlatform: false,
+    isWindowsPlatform: false,
+  } as never);
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    calls.filter((call) => call === 'update-bounds' || call === 'show'),
+    ['update-bounds', 'show', 'update-bounds'],
+  );
+});
+
 test('Windows visible overlay stays click-through and binds to mpv while tracked', () => {
   const { window, calls } = createMainWindowRecorder();
   const tracker: WindowTrackerStub = {

src/core/services/overlay-visibility.ts

@@ -270,6 +270,23 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
     args.markOverlayLoadingOsdShown?.();
   };
 
+  const refreshNonNativeOverlayBoundsAfterFirstShow = (geometry: WindowGeometry | null): void => {
+    if (
+      geometry === null ||
+      args.isMacOSPlatform ||
+      args.isWindowsPlatform ||
+      mainWindow.isVisible()
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+    mainWindow.once('show', () => {
+      if (mainWindow.isDestroyed() || !mainWindow.isVisible()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      args.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
+    });
+  };
+
   if (!args.visibleOverlayVisible) {
     args.setTrackerNotReadyWarningShown(false);
     args.resetOverlayLoadingOsdSuppression?.();
@@ -298,6 +315,7 @@ export function updateVisibleOverlayVisibility(args: {
     const geometry = args.windowTracker.getGeometry();
     if (geometry) {
       args.updateVisibleOverlayBounds(geometry);
+      refreshNonNativeOverlayBoundsAfterFirstShow(geometry);
     }
     args.syncPrimaryOverlayWindowLayer('visible');
     const shouldEnforceLayerOrder = showPassiveVisibleOverlay();

src/core/services/overlay-window-config.test.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,33 @@ test('overlay window config explicitly disables renderer sandbox for preload com
   assert.equal(options.webPreferences?.backgroundThrottling, false);
 });
 
+test('Linux visible overlay window allows compositor resize for mpv-sized placement', () => {
+  const originalPlatformDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(process, 'platform');
+
+  Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: 'linux',
+  });
+
+  try {
+    const visibleOptions = buildOverlayWindowOptions('visible', {
+      isDev: false,
+      yomitanSession: null,
+    });
+    const modalOptions = buildOverlayWindowOptions('modal', {
+      isDev: false,
+      yomitanSession: null,
+    });
+
+    assert.equal(visibleOptions.resizable, true);
+    assert.equal(modalOptions.resizable, false);
+  } finally {
+    if (originalPlatformDescriptor) {
+      Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', originalPlatformDescriptor);
+    }
+  }
+});
+
 test('Windows visible overlay window config does not start as always-on-top', () => {
   const originalPlatformDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(process, 'platform');
 

src/core/services/overlay-window-options.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export function buildOverlayWindowOptions(
 ): BrowserWindowConstructorOptions {
   const showNativeDebugFrame = process.platform === 'win32' && options.isDev;
   const shouldStartAlwaysOnTop = !(process.platform === 'win32' && kind === 'visible');
+  const shouldAllowCompositorResize = process.platform === 'linux' && kind === 'visible';
 
   return {
     show: false,
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ export function buildOverlayWindowOptions(
     frame: false,
     alwaysOnTop: shouldStartAlwaysOnTop,
     skipTaskbar: true,
-    resizable: false,
+    resizable: shouldAllowCompositorResize,
     hasShadow: false,
     focusable: true,
     acceptFirstMouse: true,

src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.test.ts

@@ -122,6 +122,35 @@ test('annotateTokens excludes frequency for particle/bound_auxiliary and pos1 ex
   assert.equal(result[3]?.frequencyRank, 11);
 });
 
+test('annotateTokens keeps frequency for determiner-led content noun compounds', () => {
+  const tokens = [
+    makeToken({
+      surface: 'その場',
+      headword: 'その場',
+      reading: 'そのば',
+      partOfSpeech: PartOfSpeech.noun,
+      pos1: '連体詞|名詞',
+      pos2: '*|一般',
+      startPos: 0,
+      endPos: 3,
+      frequencyRank: 879,
+    }),
+  ];
+
+  const result = annotateTokens(
+    tokens,
+    makeDeps({
+      isKnownWord: (text) => text === 'その場',
+      getJlptLevel: (text) => (text === 'その場' ? 'N4' : null),
+    }),
+    { minSentenceWordsForNPlusOne: 1 },
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.isKnown, true);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.frequencyRank, 879);
+  assert.equal(result[0]?.jlptLevel, 'N4');
+});
+
 test('annotateTokens preserves existing frequency rank when frequency is enabled', () => {
   const tokens = [makeToken({ surface: '猫', headword: '猫', frequencyRank: 42 })];
 

src/core/services/tokenizer/annotation-stage.ts

@@ -188,6 +188,35 @@ function shouldAllowHonorificPrefixNounFrequency(token: MergedToken): boolean {
   );
 }
 
+function shouldAllowDeterminerLedNounFrequency(
+  normalizedPos1: string,
+  normalizedPos2: string,
+  pos1Exclusions: ReadonlySet<string>,
+  pos2Exclusions: ReadonlySet<string>,
+): boolean {
+  const pos1Parts = splitNormalizedTagParts(normalizedPos1);
+  if (pos1Parts.length < 2 || pos1Parts[0] !== '連体詞') {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const pos2Parts = splitNormalizedTagParts(normalizedPos2);
+  if (!isExcludedComponent(pos1Parts[0], pos2Parts[0], pos1Exclusions, pos2Exclusions)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const componentCount = Math.max(pos1Parts.length, pos2Parts.length);
+  for (let index = 1; index < componentCount; index += 1) {
+    if (
+      pos1Parts[index] === '名詞' &&
+      !isExcludedComponent(pos1Parts[index], pos2Parts[index], pos1Exclusions, pos2Exclusions)
+    ) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
 function isFrequencyExcludedByPos(
   token: MergedToken,
   pos1Exclusions: ReadonlySet<string>,
@@ -207,12 +236,19 @@ function isFrequencyExcludedByPos(
     pos1Exclusions,
     pos2Exclusions,
   );
+  const allowDeterminerLedNounToken = shouldAllowDeterminerLedNounFrequency(
+    normalizedPos1,
+    normalizedPos2,
+    pos1Exclusions,
+    pos2Exclusions,
+  );
   const allowOrdinalPrefixNounToken = shouldAllowOrdinalPrefixNounFrequency(token);
   const allowHonorificPrefixNounToken = shouldAllowHonorificPrefixNounFrequency(token);
 
   if (
     isExcludedByTagSet(normalizedPos1, pos1Exclusions) &&
     !allowContentLedMergedToken &&
+    !allowDeterminerLedNounToken &&
     !allowOrdinalPrefixNounToken &&
     !allowHonorificPrefixNounToken
   ) {
@@ -222,6 +258,7 @@ function isFrequencyExcludedByPos(
   if (
     isExcludedByTagSet(normalizedPos2, pos2Exclusions) &&
     !allowContentLedMergedToken &&
+    !allowDeterminerLedNounToken &&
     !allowOrdinalPrefixNounToken &&
     !allowHonorificPrefixNounToken
   ) {

src/main-entry-runtime.test.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   shouldHandleHelpOnlyAtEntry,
   shouldHandleLaunchMpvAtEntry,
   shouldHandleStatsDaemonCommandAtEntry,
+  hasTransportedStartupArgs,
 } from './main-entry-runtime';
 
 test('normalizeStartupArgv defaults no-arg startup to --start --background on non-Windows', () => {
@@ -55,6 +56,22 @@ test('normalizeStartupArgv defaults no-arg Windows startup to --start only', ()
   }
 });
 
+test('normalizeStartupArgv uses transported AppImage args instead of raw Electron args', () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    normalizeStartupArgv(['SubMiner.AppImage', '--background'], {
+      SUBMINER_APP_ARGC: '2',
+      SUBMINER_APP_ARG_0: '--stop',
+      SUBMINER_APP_ARG_1: '--socket',
+    }),
+    ['SubMiner.AppImage', '--stop', '--socket'],
+  );
+});
+
+test('hasTransportedStartupArgs detects env-carried app args', () => {
+  assert.equal(hasTransportedStartupArgs({ SUBMINER_APP_ARGC: '1' }), true);
+  assert.equal(hasTransportedStartupArgs({}), false);
+});
+
 test('shouldHandleHelpOnlyAtEntry detects help-only invocation', () => {
   assert.equal(shouldHandleHelpOnlyAtEntry(['--help'], {}), true);
   assert.equal(shouldHandleHelpOnlyAtEntry(['--help', '--start'], {}), false);

src/main-entry-runtime.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ const BACKGROUND_ARG = '--background';
 const START_ARG = '--start';
 const PASSWORD_STORE_ARG = '--password-store';
 const BACKGROUND_CHILD_ENV = 'SUBMINER_BACKGROUND_CHILD';
+const TRANSPORTED_APP_ARGC_ENV = 'SUBMINER_APP_ARGC';
+const TRANSPORTED_APP_ARG_PREFIX = 'SUBMINER_APP_ARG_';
+const MAX_TRANSPORTED_APP_ARGS = 256;
 const APP_NAME = 'SubMiner';
 const MPV_LONG_OPTIONS_WITH_SEPARATE_VALUES = new Set([
   '--alang',
@@ -83,9 +86,40 @@ function parseCliArgs(argv: string[]): CliArgs {
   return parseArgs(argv);
 }
 
+export function hasTransportedStartupArgs(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): boolean {
+  return typeof env[TRANSPORTED_APP_ARGC_ENV] === 'string';
+}
+
+function readTransportedStartupArgs(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): string[] | null {
+  const rawCount = env[TRANSPORTED_APP_ARGC_ENV];
+  if (rawCount === undefined) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const count = Number(rawCount);
+  if (!Number.isInteger(count) || count < 0 || count > MAX_TRANSPORTED_APP_ARGS) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const args: string[] = [];
+  for (let index = 0; index < count; index += 1) {
+    const value = env[`${TRANSPORTED_APP_ARG_PREFIX}${index}`];
+    if (typeof value !== 'string') {
+      return null;
+    }
+    args.push(value);
+  }
+  return args;
+}
+
 export function normalizeStartupArgv(argv: string[], env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): string[] {
   if (env.ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE === '1') return argv;
 
+  const transportedArgs = readTransportedStartupArgs(env);
+  if (transportedArgs) {
+    return [argv[0] ?? APP_NAME, ...transportedArgs];
+  }
+
   const effectiveArgs = removePassiveStartupArgs(argv.slice(1));
   if (effectiveArgs.length === 0) {
     if (process.platform === 'win32') {

src/main-entry.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
   sanitizeBackgroundEnv,
   sanitizeHelpEnv,
   sanitizeLaunchMpvEnv,
+  hasTransportedStartupArgs,
   shouldDetachBackgroundLaunch,
   shouldHandleHelpOnlyAtEntry,
   shouldHandleLaunchMpvAtEntry,
@@ -184,7 +185,8 @@ registerFatalErrorHandlers({
 });
 
 if (shouldDetachBackgroundLaunch(process.argv, process.env)) {
-  const child = spawn(process.execPath, process.argv.slice(1), {
+  const childArgs = hasTransportedStartupArgs(process.env) ? [] : process.argv.slice(1);
+  const child = spawn(process.execPath, childArgs, {
     detached: true,
     stdio: 'ignore',
     env: sanitizeBackgroundEnv(process.env),

src/main.ts

@@ -732,6 +732,7 @@ type BootServices = MainBootServicesResult<
   {
     requestSingleInstanceLock: () => boolean;
     quit: () => void;
+    exit: (code?: number) => void;
     on: (event: string, listener: (...args: unknown[]) => void) => unknown;
     whenReady: () => Promise<void>;
   }
@@ -3435,7 +3436,7 @@ const {
     stopConfigHotReload: () => configHotReloadRuntime.stop(),
     restorePreviousSecondarySubVisibility: () => restorePreviousSecondarySubVisibility(),
     restoreMpvSubVisibility: () => {
-      restoreOverlayMpvSubtitles();
+      restoreOverlayMpvSubtitles({ force: true });
     },
     unregisterAllGlobalShortcuts: () => globalShortcut.unregisterAll(),
     stopSubtitleWebsocket: () => {

src/main/boot/services.test.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ test('createMainBootServices builds boot-phase service bundle', () => {
   type MockAppLifecycleApp = {
     requestSingleInstanceLock: () => boolean;
     quit: () => void;
+    exit: (code?: number) => void;
     on: (event: string, listener: (...args: unknown[]) => void) => MockAppLifecycleApp;
     whenReady: () => Promise<void>;
   };
@@ -54,6 +55,9 @@ test('createMainBootServices builds boot-phase service bundle', () => {
         setPathValue = value;
       },
       quit: () => {},
+      exit: (code?: number) => {
+        calls.push(`exit:${code ?? 0}`);
+      },
       on: (event: string) => {
         appOnCalls.push(event);
         return {};
@@ -123,8 +127,9 @@ test('createMainBootServices builds boot-phase service bundle', () => {
     services.appLifecycleApp.on('second-instance', () => {}),
     services.appLifecycleApp,
   );
+  services.appLifecycleApp.exit(7);
   assert.deepEqual(appOnCalls, ['ready']);
   assert.equal(secondInstanceHandlerRegistered, true);
-  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['mkdir:/tmp/subminer-config']);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['mkdir:/tmp/subminer-config', 'exit:7']);
   assert.equal(setPathValue, '/tmp/subminer-config');
 });

src/main/boot/services.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { ConfigStartupParseError } from '../../config';
 export interface AppLifecycleShape {
   requestSingleInstanceLock: () => boolean;
   quit: () => void;
+  exit: (code?: number) => void;
   on: (event: string, listener: (...args: unknown[]) => void) => unknown;
   whenReady: () => Promise<void>;
 }
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ export interface MainBootServicesParams<
   app: {
     setPath: (name: string, value: string) => void;
     quit: () => void;
+    exit: (code?: number) => void;
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-function-type -- Electron App.on has 50+ overloaded signatures
     on: Function;
     whenReady: () => Promise<void>;
@@ -260,6 +262,7 @@ export function createMainBootServices<
     requestSingleInstanceLock: () =>
       params.shouldBypassSingleInstanceLock() ? true : params.requestSingleInstanceLockEarly(),
     quit: () => params.app.quit(),
+    exit: (code?: number) => params.app.exit(code),
     on: (event: string, listener: (...args: unknown[]) => void) => {
       if (event === 'second-instance') {
         params.registerSecondInstanceHandlerEarly(

src/main/early-single-instance.test.ts

@@ -9,22 +9,40 @@ import * as earlySingleInstance from './early-single-instance';
 
 function createFakeApp(lockValue = true) {
   let requestCalls = 0;
-  let secondInstanceListener: ((_event: unknown, argv: string[]) => void) | null = null;
+  let requestData: unknown = null;
+  let secondInstanceListener:
+    | ((
+        _event: unknown,
+        argv: string[],
+        workingDirectory?: string,
+        additionalData?: unknown,
+      ) => void)
+    | null = null;
 
   return {
     app: {
-      requestSingleInstanceLock: () => {
+      requestSingleInstanceLock: (additionalData?: unknown) => {
         requestCalls += 1;
+        requestData = additionalData ?? null;
         return lockValue;
       },
-      on: (_event: 'second-instance', listener: (_event: unknown, argv: string[]) => void) => {
+      on: (
+        _event: 'second-instance',
+        listener: (
+          _event: unknown,
+          argv: string[],
+          workingDirectory?: string,
+          additionalData?: unknown,
+        ) => void,
+      ) => {
         secondInstanceListener = listener;
       },
     },
-    emitSecondInstance: (argv: string[]) => {
-      secondInstanceListener?.({}, argv);
+    emitSecondInstance: (argv: string[], additionalData?: unknown) => {
+      secondInstanceListener?.({}, argv, '/tmp', additionalData);
     },
     getRequestCalls: () => requestCalls,
+    getRequestData: () => requestData,
   };
 }
 
@@ -56,6 +74,23 @@ test('registerSecondInstanceHandlerEarly replays queued argv and forwards new ev
   ]);
 });
 
+test('requestSingleInstanceLockEarly sends normalized argv through second-instance data', () => {
+  resetEarlySingleInstanceStateForTests();
+  const fake = createFakeApp(true);
+  const primaryArgv = ['SubMiner.AppImage', '--start'];
+  const transportedArgv = ['SubMiner.AppImage', '--stop'];
+  const calls: string[][] = [];
+
+  assert.equal(requestSingleInstanceLockEarly(fake.app, primaryArgv), true);
+  registerSecondInstanceHandlerEarly(fake.app, (_event, argv) => {
+    calls.push(argv);
+  });
+  fake.emitSecondInstance(['SubMiner.AppImage'], { subminerArgv: transportedArgv });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(fake.getRequestData(), { subminerArgv: primaryArgv });
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [transportedArgv]);
+});
+
 test('stats daemon args bypass the normal single-instance lock path', () => {
   const shouldBypass = (
     earlySingleInstance as typeof earlySingleInstance & {

src/main/early-single-instance.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
 interface ElectronSecondInstanceAppLike {
-  requestSingleInstanceLock: () => boolean;
-  on: (event: 'second-instance', listener: (_event: unknown, argv: string[]) => void) => unknown;
+  requestSingleInstanceLock: (additionalData?: Record<string, unknown>) => boolean;
+  on: (
+    event: 'second-instance',
+    listener: (
+      _event: unknown,
+      argv: string[],
+      workingDirectory?: string,
+      additionalData?: unknown,
+    ) => void,
+  ) => unknown;
 }
 
+const SECOND_INSTANCE_ARGV_KEY = 'subminerArgv';
+
 export function shouldBypassSingleInstanceLockForArgv(argv: readonly string[]): boolean {
   return argv.includes('--stats-background') || argv.includes('--stats-stop');
 }
@@ -12,10 +22,24 @@ let secondInstanceListenerAttached = false;
 const secondInstanceArgvHistory: string[][] = [];
 const secondInstanceHandlers = new Set<(_event: unknown, argv: string[]) => void>();
 
+function normalizeSecondInstanceArgv(argv: string[], additionalData: unknown): string[] {
+  if (
+    additionalData &&
+    typeof additionalData === 'object' &&
+    Array.isArray((additionalData as { subminerArgv?: unknown }).subminerArgv) &&
+    (additionalData as { subminerArgv: unknown[] }).subminerArgv.every(
+      (value) => typeof value === 'string',
+    )
+  ) {
+    return [...(additionalData as { subminerArgv: string[] }).subminerArgv];
+  }
+  return [...argv];
+}
+
 function attachSecondInstanceListener(app: ElectronSecondInstanceAppLike): void {
   if (secondInstanceListenerAttached) return;
-  app.on('second-instance', (event, argv) => {
-    const clonedArgv = [...argv];
+  app.on('second-instance', (event, argv, _workingDirectory, additionalData) => {
+    const clonedArgv = normalizeSecondInstanceArgv(argv, additionalData);
     secondInstanceArgvHistory.push(clonedArgv);
     for (const handler of secondInstanceHandlers) {
       handler(event, [...clonedArgv]);
@@ -24,12 +48,17 @@ function attachSecondInstanceListener(app: ElectronSecondInstanceAppLike): void
   secondInstanceListenerAttached = true;
 }
 
-export function requestSingleInstanceLockEarly(app: ElectronSecondInstanceAppLike): boolean {
+export function requestSingleInstanceLockEarly(
+  app: ElectronSecondInstanceAppLike,
+  argv: readonly string[] = process.argv,
+): boolean {
   attachSecondInstanceListener(app);
   if (cachedSingleInstanceLock !== null) {
     return cachedSingleInstanceLock;
   }
-  cachedSingleInstanceLock = app.requestSingleInstanceLock();
+  cachedSingleInstanceLock = app.requestSingleInstanceLock({
+    [SECOND_INSTANCE_ARGV_KEY]: [...argv],
+  });
   return cachedSingleInstanceLock;
 }
 

src/main/runtime/overlay-mpv-sub-visibility.test.ts

@@ -104,6 +104,36 @@ test('restore keeps mpv subtitles hidden when visible-overlay binding still requ
   assert.deepEqual(calls, [false]);
 });
 
+test('forced restore ignores visible-overlay suppression during app shutdown', () => {
+  const state: VisibilityState = {
+    savedSubVisibility: true,
+    revision: 9,
+  };
+  const calls: boolean[] = [];
+
+  const restore = createRestoreOverlayMpvSubtitlesHandler({
+    getSavedSubVisibility: () => state.savedSubVisibility,
+    setSavedSubVisibility: (visible) => {
+      state.savedSubVisibility = visible;
+    },
+    getRevision: () => state.revision,
+    setRevision: (revision) => {
+      state.revision = revision;
+    },
+    isMpvConnected: () => true,
+    shouldKeepSuppressedFromVisibleOverlayBinding: () => true,
+    setMpvSubVisibility: (visible) => {
+      calls.push(visible);
+    },
+  });
+
+  restore({ force: true });
+
+  assert.equal(state.savedSubVisibility, null);
+  assert.equal(state.revision, 10);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [true]);
+});
+
 test('restore defers mpv subtitle restore while mpv is disconnected', () => {
   const state: VisibilityState = {
     savedSubVisibility: true,

src/main/runtime/overlay-mpv-sub-visibility.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ type MpvVisibilityClient = {
   requestProperty: (name: string) => Promise<unknown>;
 };
 
+type RestoreOverlayMpvSubtitlesOptions = {
+  force?: boolean;
+};
+
 function parseSubVisibility(value: unknown): boolean {
   if (typeof value === 'string') {
     const normalized = value.trim().toLowerCase();
@@ -81,11 +85,11 @@ export function createRestoreOverlayMpvSubtitlesHandler(deps: {
   shouldKeepSuppressedFromVisibleOverlayBinding: () => boolean;
   setMpvSubVisibility: (visible: boolean) => void;
 }) {
-  return (): void => {
+  return (options: RestoreOverlayMpvSubtitlesOptions = {}): void => {
     deps.setRevision(deps.getRevision() + 1);
 
     const savedVisibility = deps.getSavedSubVisibility();
-    if (deps.shouldKeepSuppressedFromVisibleOverlayBinding()) {
+    if (!options.force && deps.shouldKeepSuppressedFromVisibleOverlayBinding()) {
       deps.setMpvSubVisibility(false);
       return;
     }

src/main/runtime/update/fetch-adapter.test.ts

@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ test('createCurlFetch requests updater metadata without Electron networking', as
     '--show-error',
     '--connect-timeout',
     '30',
+    '--max-time',
+    '60',
     '--header',
     'Accept: application/vnd.github+json',
     '--header',
@@ -108,4 +110,5 @@ test('createCurlFetch requests updater metadata without Electron networking', as
     'https://api.github.com/repos/ksyasuda/SubMiner/releases',
   ]);
   assert.equal(calls[0]?.options.encoding, 'buffer');
+  assert.equal(calls[0]?.options.timeout, 65_000);
 });

src/main/runtime/update/fetch-adapter.ts

@@ -67,7 +67,16 @@ export function createCurlFetch(options: CurlFetchOptions = {}): FetchLike {
   const curlPath = options.curlPath ?? '/usr/bin/curl';
 
   return async (url, init = {}) => {
-    const args = ['--fail', '--location', '--silent', '--show-error', '--connect-timeout', '30'];
+    const args = [
+      '--fail',
+      '--location',
+      '--silent',
+      '--show-error',
+      '--connect-timeout',
+      '30',
+      '--max-time',
+      '60',
+    ];
     addHeaderArgs(args, init.headers);
     args.push(url);
     const body = await new Promise<Buffer>((resolve, reject) => {
@@ -77,6 +86,7 @@ export function createCurlFetch(options: CurlFetchOptions = {}): FetchLike {
         {
           encoding: 'buffer',
           maxBuffer: 600 * 1024 * 1024,
+          timeout: 65_000,
         },
         (error, stdout, stderr) => {
           if (error) {

src/main/runtime/yomitan-extension-runtime.test.ts

@@ -165,3 +165,32 @@ test('yomitan extension runtime notifies once after concurrent ensure load resol
   assert.equal(await second, fakeExtension);
   assert.deepEqual(notifications, [fakeExtension]);
 });
+
+test('yomitan extension runtime retries notification after callback failure', async () => {
+  const fakeExtension = { id: 'yomitan' } as Extension;
+  let calls = 0;
+
+  const runtime = createYomitanExtensionRuntime({
+    loadYomitanExtensionCore: async () => fakeExtension,
+    userDataPath: '/tmp',
+    getYomitanParserWindow: () => null,
+    setYomitanParserWindow: () => {},
+    setYomitanParserReadyPromise: () => {},
+    setYomitanParserInitPromise: () => {},
+    setYomitanExtension: () => {},
+    setYomitanSession: () => {},
+    getYomitanExtension: () => fakeExtension,
+    getLoadInFlight: () => null,
+    setLoadInFlight: () => {},
+    onYomitanExtensionLoaded: () => {
+      calls += 1;
+      if (calls === 1) {
+        throw new Error('overlay reload failed');
+      }
+    },
+  });
+
+  await assert.rejects(runtime.ensureYomitanExtensionLoaded(), /overlay reload failed/);
+  assert.equal(await runtime.ensureYomitanExtensionLoaded(), fakeExtension);
+  assert.equal(calls, 2);
+});

src/main/runtime/yomitan-extension-runtime.ts

@@ -50,12 +50,29 @@ export function createYomitanExtensionRuntime(deps: YomitanExtensionRuntimeDeps)
   );
 
   let lastNotifiedExtension: Extension | null = null;
+  let notifyingExtension: Extension | null = null;
+  let notificationPromise: Promise<void> | null = null;
   async function notifyYomitanExtensionLoaded(extension: Extension | null): Promise<void> {
     if (!extension || extension === lastNotifiedExtension) {
       return;
     }
-    lastNotifiedExtension = extension;
-    await deps.onYomitanExtensionLoaded?.(extension);
+    if (extension === notifyingExtension && notificationPromise) {
+      await notificationPromise;
+      return;
+    }
+    notifyingExtension = extension;
+    notificationPromise = (async () => {
+      await deps.onYomitanExtensionLoaded?.(extension);
+      lastNotifiedExtension = extension;
+    })();
+    try {
+      await notificationPromise;
+    } finally {
+      if (notifyingExtension === extension) {
+        notifyingExtension = null;
+        notificationPromise = null;
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   return {